615e5e1586
generic and should go one level up, but it can keep the sb(4) man page company for now until somebody moves all the no-longer-x86-specific driver man pages up some day. Submitted by: luigi
208 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
208 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 1998, Luigi Rizzo
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $Id: pcm.4,v 1.1 1998/06/03 14:23:06 lr Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd June 3, 1998
|
|
.Dt PCM 4 i386
|
|
.Os FreeBSD
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm pcm
|
|
.Nd FreeBSD audio device driver
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Cd "device pcm0 at isa? port? tty irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15 vector pcmintr"
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm pcm
|
|
driver provides support for varioust ISA sound cards that are compatible
|
|
with the WSS/MSS specs, or with the SBPro and SB16. Only audio
|
|
capture/playback is supported by the driver, and true full duplex
|
|
operation is available on most cards.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Apart from the usual parameters, the flags field is used to specify
|
|
the secondary DMA channel (generally used for capture in full duplex
|
|
cards). Flags are set to 0 for cards not using a secondary DMA
|
|
channel, or to 0x10 + C to specify channel C.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
PnP audio cards are also supported using the
|
|
.Nm pnp
|
|
support which is available in FreeBSD starting from release 2.2.6.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Xr pnp 4
|
|
manpage for more information. In particular, remember that unit
|
|
numbers for (recognized)
|
|
PnP cards are assigned after the legacy ISA devices, and that the
|
|
actual resources (port, irq and drq) used by the driver are read from
|
|
the PnP configuration and not from the "device pcm0" line.
|
|
So, if you have the following line in your kernel config file:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Cd "device pcm0 ..."
|
|
.Pp
|
|
your first PnP audio card will be unit #1, i.e. it will be accessible
|
|
as /dev/audio1, /dev/dsp1, etc.
|
|
Many application default to using /dev/audio, so you can create
|
|
symlinks from /dev/audio etc to the correct device entries as follows:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Cd cd /dev
|
|
.Cd rm audio dsp dspW mixer
|
|
.Cd ./MAKEDEV snd1
|
|
.Cd ln -s audio1 audio
|
|
.Cd ln -s dsp1 dsp
|
|
.Cd ln -s dspW1 dspW
|
|
.Cd ln -s mixer1 mixer
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver works best with WSS/MSS cards, which have a very clean
|
|
architecture and an orthogonal set of features. They also happen to be
|
|
among the cheapest audio cards on the market.
|
|
Other cards such as SB and ESS have a more complex internal
|
|
architecture, and often no documentation available. As a consequence,
|
|
support for these cards is slightly worse.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver does its best to recognize the installed harware and drive
|
|
it correctly, so that you don't have to give too many details in the
|
|
kernel config files. For PnP cards this is actually easy since they
|
|
identify themselves. For legacy ISA cards, the driver first looks for
|
|
MSS cards at addresses 0x530 and 0x604, then for SB
|
|
cards at 0x220 and 0x240 (obviously, unless overridden in the kernel
|
|
config file by specifying an address).
|
|
|
|
.Sh IOCTL
|
|
The driver supports most of the Voxware ioctls(), and most
|
|
applications work unmodified (including popular mpeg players and linux
|
|
binaries). A few
|
|
differences exist (the most important one is the ability to use
|
|
memory-mapped access to the audio buffers). As a consequence, some
|
|
applications may need to be recompiled with a slightly modified
|
|
audio module. See /usr/include/machine/soundcard.h for a complete
|
|
list of the supported ioctls.
|
|
|
|
.Sh SUPPORTED CARDS
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Below we include a list of supported codecs/cards, including, if
|
|
possible, the pnp configuration information where applicable
|
|
(we give default parameters, your actual resources may vary).
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width 2m % begin list
|
|
.It CS4237, CS4236, CS4232, CS4231
|
|
.Cd "pnp 1 0 os enable port0 0x534 port2 0x220 irq0 5 drq0 1 drq1 3"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
All these cards work perfectly in full duplex using the MSS mode.
|
|
This chipset is used, among others, on the A/Open AW35 and AW32, on
|
|
some Intel motherboards, and (the CS4231) on some non-PnP cards.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The CS4232 is reported as buggy in the Voxware documentation but
|
|
I am not sure if this is true. On one of my Intel motherboards,
|
|
capture does not work simply because the capture DMA channel is
|
|
not wired to the ISA DMA controller.
|
|
|
|
.It GUSPnP
|
|
.Cd "pnp 1 0 os enable port0 0x220 port1 0x320 port2 0x32c irq0 5 drq0 7 drq1 5"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Supported in full duplex using the MSS mode. The GUSPnP does not use a
|
|
real CS4231, and I suspect a bug in the emulation when operating
|
|
with mu-law format. Since the card is discontinued, I did not bother
|
|
to include special code to set the card in "Mode3" (where mu-law is
|
|
known to work) and rather I use U8 format internally, and do the
|
|
conversion in software within the driver. This loses resolution,
|
|
so you should use 16-bit modes with this card when possible.
|
|
|
|
.It Yamaha OPL-SAx
|
|
.Cd "pnp 1 0 os enable port0 0x220 port1 0x530 port2 0x388 port3 0x370 irq0 5 drq0 1 drq1 3"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Works perfectly in all modes. This chip is used in several PnP cards,
|
|
but also (in non-PnP mode) on motherboards and laptops (e.g. the
|
|
Toshiba Libretto).
|
|
|
|
.It OPTi931
|
|
.Cd "pnp 1 1 os enable port0 0x534 port2 0x220 port3 0xe0d irq0 10 drq0 1 drq1 6"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The chip is buggy, but the driver has many workarounds to make it work
|
|
in full duplex because for some time these were the only full duplex
|
|
cards I could find. u-law formats uses U8 format internally because of
|
|
a bug in the chip.
|
|
|
|
.It SB16, Vibra16C, and old SB16/AWExx cards
|
|
.Cd "pnp 1 0 os enable port0 0x220 irq0 5 drq0 1 drq1 5"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
These codecs have limited full duplex capabilities, by doing 8-bit
|
|
in one direction and 16-bit in the other one. The driver supports this
|
|
mode of operation but keep in mind that it is not a supported mode of
|
|
operation from CreativeLabs.
|
|
|
|
.It Vibra16X and newer SB16/AWExx cards
|
|
.Cd "pnp 1 0 os enable port0 0x220 irq0 5 drq0 1 drq1 3"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Recently CreativeLabs has changed the codec (DSP) and the new one is
|
|
somewhat different from the old one. The most apparent difference is
|
|
the use of two 8-bit DMA channels, which seems to have broken our full
|
|
duplex support. Maybe one can achieve full duplex by making use of the
|
|
wavetable to play audio, but since this driver does not support the
|
|
wavetable you have to stick with half duplex.
|
|
|
|
.It SBPro and clones
|
|
This is the default mode of operation for most other cards. We have
|
|
only limited (and possibly buggy) support for them: 8-bit, half
|
|
duplex, even if the hardware in some cases (e.g. ESS chips) might do more.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS AND TROUBLESHOOTING
|
|
.Bl -tag -width 2m
|
|
.It "This is XXX but LDN Y is disabled"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This means that the bios has left the PnP device disabled, and you
|
|
have to enable it manually booting with "-c" and giving the pnp
|
|
configuration shown above.
|
|
.It "pcmX: unit not configured, perhaps you want pcmY ?"
|
|
This means that you are using the wrong unit. Generally this happens
|
|
when you are using a PnP card without creating the symlinks to the
|
|
correct unit. Re-create the symlinks (and possibly also the device
|
|
entries) in the /dev directory to point to the right one.
|
|
|
|
.It "timeout flushing dbuf_out ..."
|
|
This means a problem in the configuration of the card (specifically,
|
|
in the DMA channel) or (much less likely) in the driver, which has
|
|
not recognized the card correctly. Check the DMA channel used for
|
|
capture.
|
|
|
|
.It capture does not work
|
|
This usually happens when the input dma channel is misconfigured.
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
Due to lack of documentation,
|
|
SB16 support is not very good. Also, mixer support is not complete,
|
|
and some features of your cards (e.g. global volume control) might not
|
|
be supported on all devices.
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm pcm
|
|
device driver first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 2.2.6
|
|
.Sh AUTHOR
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
device driver and this manual page were written by Luigi Rizzo
|
|
(luigi@iet.unipi.it)
|