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freebsd-dev/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c
Andriy Gapon d461b46dd5 newfs_msdos: allow to work with media that doesn't have any CHS params 
Either use parameters provided by user or make them up.
The code for faking CHS params is borrowed from disklabel code.
The logic for using user-provided and auto-guessed parameters is not
perfect, so to speak.

PR:		bin/121182
Approved by:	jhb (mentor)
2009-02-27 17:29:48 +00:00

1013 lines
28 KiB
C
Raw Blame History

/*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
* GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
* IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
* IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef lint
static const char rcsid[] =
"$FreeBSD$";
#endif /* not lint */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/fdcio.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */
#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */
#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */
#define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */
#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */
#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */
#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */
#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */
#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */
#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */
#define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */
#define MINCLS16 0x1000 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */
#define MINCLS32 2 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */
#define MAXCLS12 0xfed /* maximum FAT12 clusters */
#define MAXCLS16 0xfff5 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */
#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff5 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */
#define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \
MINCLS32)
#define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \
MAXCLS32)
#define mk1(p, x) \
(p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
#define mk2(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
#define mk4(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \
(p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \
(p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
#define argto1(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg)
#define argto2(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg)
#define argto4(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg)
#define argtox(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg)
struct bs {
u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */
u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */
};
struct bsbpb {
u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */
u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */
u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */
u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */
u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */
u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */
u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */
u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */
u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */
u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */
};
struct bsxbpb {
u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */
u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */
u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */
u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */
u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */
};
struct bsx {
u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */
u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */
u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */
u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */
u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */
u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */
};
struct de {
u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */
u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */
u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */
u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */
u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */
u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */
u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */
};
struct bpb {
u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */
u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int res; /* reserved sectors */
u_int nft; /* number of FATs */
u_int rde; /* root directory entries */
u_int sec; /* total sectors */
u_int mid; /* media descriptor */
u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int spt; /* sectors per track */
u_int hds; /* drive heads */
u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */
u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */
u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int infs; /* file system info sector */
u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */
};
#define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
static struct {
const char *name;
struct bpb bpb;
} stdfmt[] = {
{"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}}
};
static u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
0xfa, /* cli */
0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */
0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */
0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */
0xfb, /* sti */
0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */
0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */
0x5e, /* pop si */
0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */
0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */
0xfc, /* cld */
0xac, /* lodsb */
0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */
0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */
0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */
0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */
0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */
0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */
0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */
0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */
0x0d, 0x0a,
'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
0x0d, 0x0a,
'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
0x0d, 0x0a,
0
};
static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
static void getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int,
struct bpb *);
static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *);
static off_t argtooff(const char *, const char *);
static int oklabel(const char *);
static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
static void usage(void);
/*
* Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.
*/
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static char opts[] = "@:NB:C:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:r:s:u:";
static const char *opt_B, *opt_L, *opt_O, *opt_f;
static u_int opt_F, opt_I, opt_S, opt_a, opt_b, opt_c, opt_e;
static u_int opt_h, opt_i, opt_k, opt_m, opt_n, opt_o, opt_r;
static u_int opt_s, opt_u;
static int opt_N;
static int Iflag, mflag, oflag;
char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
struct stat sb;
struct timeval tv;
struct bpb bpb;
struct tm *tm;
struct bs *bs;
struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
struct bsx *bsx;
struct de *de;
u_int8_t *img;
const char *fname, *dtype, *bname;
ssize_t n;
time_t now;
u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
int ch, fd, fd1;
static off_t opt_create=0, opt_ofs=0;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case '@':
opt_ofs = argtooff(optarg, "offset");
break;
case 'N':
opt_N = 1;
break;
case 'B':
opt_B = optarg;
break;
case 'C':
opt_create = argtooff(optarg, "create size");
break;
case 'F':
if (strcmp(optarg, "12") &&
strcmp(optarg, "16") &&
strcmp(optarg, "32"))
errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg);
opt_F = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'I':
opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID");
Iflag = 1;
break;
case 'L':
if (!oklabel(optarg))
errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg);
opt_L = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
if (strlen(optarg) > 8)
errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg);
opt_O = optarg;
break;
case 'S':
opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector");
break;
case 'a':
opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT");
break;
case 'b':
opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size");
opt_c = 0;
break;
case 'c':
opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster");
opt_b = 0;
break;
case 'e':
opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries");
break;
case 'f':
opt_f = optarg;
break;
case 'h':
opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads");
break;
case 'i':
opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector");
break;
case 'k':
opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector");
break;
case 'm':
opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor");
mflag = 1;
break;
case 'n':
opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs");
break;
case 'o':
opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors");
oflag = 1;
break;
case 'r':
opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors");
break;
case 's':
opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size");
break;
case 'u':
opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track");
break;
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
usage();
fname = *argv++;
if (!strchr(fname, '/')) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, fname);
if (!(fname = strdup(buf)))
err(1, NULL);
}
dtype = *argv;
if (opt_create) {
off_t pos;
if (opt_N)
errx(1, "create (-C) is incompatible with -N");
fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
if (fd == -1)
errx(1, "failed to create %s", fname);
pos = lseek(fd, opt_create - 1, SEEK_SET);
if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1)
errx(1, "failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)opt_create);
pos = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
} else if ((fd = open(fname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 ||
fstat(fd, &sb))
err(1, "%s", fname);
if (!opt_N)
check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode);
if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname);
if (opt_ofs && opt_ofs != lseek(fd, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET))
errx(1, "cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)opt_ofs);
memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
if (opt_f) {
getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb);
bpb.bsec = bpb.sec;
bpb.sec = 0;
bpb.bspf = bpb.spf;
bpb.spf = 0;
}
if (opt_h)
bpb.hds = opt_h;
if (opt_u)
bpb.spt = opt_u;
if (opt_S)
bpb.bps = opt_S;
if (opt_s)
bpb.bsec = opt_s;
if (oflag)
bpb.hid = opt_o;
if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag))) {
off_t delta;
getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb);
bpb.bsec -= (opt_ofs / bpb.bps);
delta = bpb.bsec % bpb.spt;
if (delta != 0) {
warnx("trim %d sectors to adjust to a multiple of %d",
(int)delta, bpb.spt);
bpb.bsec -= delta;
}
if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */
if (bpb.bsec <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */
bpb.spc = 1;
else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */
bpb.spc = 8;
else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */
bpb.spc = 16;
else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */
bpb.spc = 32;
else
bpb.spc = 64; /* otherwise 32k */
}
}
if (!powerof2(bpb.bps))
errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps);
if (bpb.bps < MINBPS)
errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
bpb.bps, MINBPS);
if (!(fat = opt_F)) {
if (opt_f)
fat = 12;
else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k))
fat = 32;
}
if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k)))
errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k',
fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
if (opt_f && fat == 32)
bpb.rde = 0;
if (opt_b) {
if (!powerof2(opt_b))
errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b);
if (opt_b < bpb.bps)
errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
opt_b, bpb.bps);
if (opt_b > bpb.bps * MAXSPC)
errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
opt_b, bpb.bps * MAXSPC);
bpb.spc = opt_b / bpb.bps;
}
if (opt_c) {
if (!powerof2(opt_c))
errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c);
bpb.spc = opt_c;
}
if (opt_r)
bpb.res = opt_r;
if (opt_n) {
if (opt_n > MAXNFT)
errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
opt_n, MAXNFT);
bpb.nft = opt_n;
}
if (opt_e)
bpb.rde = opt_e;
if (mflag) {
if (opt_m < 0xf0)
errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (%#x)", opt_m);
bpb.mid = opt_m;
}
if (opt_a)
bpb.bspf = opt_a;
if (opt_i)
bpb.infs = opt_i;
if (opt_k)
bpb.bkbs = opt_k;
bss = 1;
bname = NULL;
fd1 = -1;
if (opt_B) {
bname = opt_B;
if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
if (!(bname = strdup(buf)))
err(1, NULL);
}
if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb))
err(1, "%s", bname);
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps ||
sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16)
errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps;
}
if (!bpb.nft)
bpb.nft = 2;
if (!fat) {
if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) *
bpb.nft +
howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE,
bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) +
(bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
(bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps)))
fat = 12;
else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec <
(bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft +
howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) +
(MAXCLS16 + 1) *
(bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps)))
fat = 16;
else
fat = 32;
}
x = bss;
if (fat == 32) {
if (!bpb.infs) {
if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs)
errx(1, "no room for info sector");
bpb.infs = x;
}
if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs)
x = bpb.infs + 1;
if (!bpb.bkbs) {
if (x == MAXU16)
errx(1, "no room for backup sector");
bpb.bkbs = x;
} else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs)
errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector");
if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs)
x = bpb.bkbs + 1;
}
if (!bpb.res)
bpb.res = fat == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x;
else if (bpb.res < x)
errx(1, "too few reserved sectors");
if (fat != 32 && !bpb.rde)
bpb.rde = DEFRDE;
rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de));
if (!bpb.spc)
for (bpb.spc = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps);
bpb.spc < MAXSPC &&
bpb.res +
howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft +
rds +
(u_int64_t)(maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec;
bpb.spc <<= 1);
if (fat != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16)
errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
x1 = bpb.res + rds;
x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1;
if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec)
errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size");
x1 += x * bpb.nft;
x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB /
(bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft);
x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bps * NPB);
if (!bpb.bspf) {
bpb.bspf = x2;
x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft;
}
cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc;
x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (fat / BPN) - RESFTE;
if (cls > x)
cls = x;
if (bpb.bspf < x2)
warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
cls);
if (cls < mincls(fat))
errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
mincls(fat));
if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
cls = maxcls(fat);
bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1;
warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
bpb.bsec);
}
printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
"(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc,
cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc);
if (!bpb.mid)
bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
if (fat == 32)
bpb.rdcl = RESFTE;
if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) {
bpb.sec = bpb.bsec;
bpb.bsec = 0;
}
if (fat != 32) {
bpb.spf = bpb.bspf;
bpb.bspf = 0;
}
print_bpb(&bpb);
if (!opt_N) {
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
now = tv.tv_sec;
tm = localtime(&now);
if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps)))
err(1, NULL);
dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft;
for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) {
x = lsn;
if (opt_B &&
fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 &&
bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) {
x -= bpb.bkbs;
if (!x && lseek(fd1, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET))
err(1, "%s", bname);
}
if (opt_B && x < bss) {
if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1)
err(1, "%s", bname);
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bps)
errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
} else
memset(img, 0, bpb.bps);
if (!lsn ||
(fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) {
x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps);
mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc);
mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res);
mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft);
mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde);
mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec);
mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid);
mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf);
mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt);
mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds);
mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid);
mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
if (fat == 32) {
bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf);
mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0);
mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0);
mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl);
mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs);
mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
}
bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29);
if (Iflag)
x = opt_I;
else
x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
(u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min));
mk4(bsx->volid, x);
mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO NAME");
sprintf(buf, "FAT%u", fat);
setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type));
if (!opt_B) {
x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
bs = (struct bs *)img;
mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb);
mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2);
mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90);
setstr(bs->oem, opt_O ? opt_O : "BSD 4.4",
sizeof(bs->oem));
memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
}
} else if (fat == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 &&
(lsn == bpb.infs ||
(bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) {
mk4(img, 0x41615252);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.rdcl);
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
} else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir &&
!((lsn - bpb.res) %
(bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) {
mk1(img[0], bpb.mid);
for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
} else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) {
de = (struct de *)img;
mklabel(de->namext, opt_L);
mk1(de->attr, 050);
x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
mk2(de->time, x);
x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
(u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday;
mk2(de->date, x);
}
if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1)
err(1, "%s", fname);
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bps)
errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Exit with error if file system is mounted.
*/
static void
check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
{
struct statfs *mp;
const char *s1, *s2;
size_t len;
int n, r;
if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT)))
err(1, "getmntinfo");
len = strlen(_PATH_DEV);
s1 = fname;
if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
s1 += len;
r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
for (; n--; mp++) {
s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
s2 += len;
if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
!strcmp(s1, s2))
errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
}
}
/*
* Get a standard format.
*/
static void
getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
{
u_int x, i;
x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]);
for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
if (i == x)
errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
*bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
}
/*
* Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
*/
static void
getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag,
struct bpb *bpb)
{
struct disklabel *lp, dlp;
struct fd_type type;
off_t ms, hs = 0;
lp = NULL;
/* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */
if (dtype != NULL) {
lp = getdiskbyname(dtype);
}
/* Maybe it's a floppy drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) {
struct stat st;
if (fstat(fd, &st))
err(1, "Cannot get disk size");
/* create a fake geometry for a file image */
ms = st.st_size;
dlp.d_secsize = 512;
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
} else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) {
dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize;
dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac;
dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
}
}
/* Maybe it's a fixed drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dlp) == -1) {
if (bpb->bps == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &dlp.d_secsize) == -1)
errx(1, "Cannot get sector size, %s", strerror(errno));
/* XXX Should we use bpb->bps if it's set? */
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
if (bpb->spt == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) {
warnx("Cannot get number of sectors per track, %s", strerror(errno));
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
}
if (bpb->hds == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) {
warnx("Cannot get number of heads, %s", strerror(errno));
if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 1;
else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 16;
else
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
}
}
hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit;
lp = &dlp;
}
if (bpb->bps == 0)
bpb->bps = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector");
if (bpb->spt == 0)
bpb->spt = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track");
if (bpb->hds == 0)
bpb->hds = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads");
if (bpb->bsec == 0)
bpb->bsec = lp->d_secperunit;
if (bpb->hid == 0)
bpb->hid = hs;
}
/*
* Print out BPB values.
*/
static void
print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
{
printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res,
bpb->nft);
if (bpb->rde)
printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde);
if (bpb->sec)
printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec);
printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid);
if (bpb->spf)
printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf);
printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid);
if (bpb->bsec)
printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec);
if (!bpb->spf) {
printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl);
printf(" infs=");
printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs);
printf(" bkbs=");
printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs);
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* Check a disk geometry value.
*/
static u_int
ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
{
if (!val)
errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
if (val > MAXU16)
errx(1, "%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val);
return val;
}
/*
* Convert and check a numeric option argument.
*/
static u_int
argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg)
{
char *s;
u_long x;
errno = 0;
x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0);
if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi)
errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
return x;
}
/*
* Same for off_t, with optional skmgpP suffix
*/
static off_t
argtooff(const char *arg, const char *msg)
{
char *s;
off_t x;
x = strtoll(arg, &s, 0);
/* allow at most one extra char */
if (errno || x < 0 || (s[0] && s[1]) )
errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
if (*s) { /* the extra char is the multiplier */
switch (*s) {
default:
errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
/* notreached */
case 's': /* sector */
case 'S':
x <<= 9; /* times 512 */
break;
case 'k': /* kilobyte */
case 'K':
x <<= 10; /* times 1024 */
break;
case 'm': /* megabyte */
case 'M':
x <<= 20; /* times 1024*1024 */
break;
case 'g': /* gigabyte */
case 'G':
x <<= 30; /* times 1024*1024*1024 */
break;
case 'p': /* partition start */
case 'P': /* partition start */
case 'l': /* partition length */
case 'L': /* partition length */
errx(1, "%s: not supported yet %s", arg, msg);
/* notreached */
}
}
return x;
}
/*
* Check a volume label.
*/
static int
oklabel(const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
c = (u_char)*src++;
if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
break;
}
return i && !c;
}
/*
* Make a volume label.
*/
static void
mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' ';
*dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
}
}
/*
* Copy string, padding with spaces.
*/
static void
setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
{
while (len--)
*dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
}
/*
* Print usage message.
*/
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: newfs_msdos [ -options ] special [disktype]\n");
fprintf(stderr, "where the options are:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-N don't create file system: "
"just print out parameters\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-B get bootstrap from file\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-I volume ID\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-O OEM string\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-S bytes/sector\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a sectors/FAT\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-c sectors/cluster\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-e root directory entries\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-f standard format\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-h drive heads\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-i file system info sector\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-k backup boot sector\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-m media descriptor\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of FATs\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-o hidden sectors\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
exit(1);
}
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