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freebsd-dev/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c
Pedro F. Giffuni 69905bdec3 Use "NO NAME" as the default unnamed label. 
Microsoft recommends avoiding the use of spaces in the
string structures for FAT. Unfortunately they do just
that by default in the case of unlabeled filesystems.

Follow the default MS behavior to avoid confusion in
common tools like file(1). This was actually the
default behavior before r203868.

Obtained from:	NetBSD (CVS rev. 1.39)
MFC after:	3 days
2014-08-13 21:18:31 +00:00

1064 lines
31 KiB
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/*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
* GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
* IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
* IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef lint
static const char rcsid[] =
"$FreeBSD$";
#endif /* not lint */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/fdcio.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */
#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */
#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */
#define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */
#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */
#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */
#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */
#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */
#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */
#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */
#define MINCLS12 1U /* minimum FAT12 clusters */
#define MINCLS16 0xff5U /* minimum FAT16 clusters */
#define MINCLS32 0xfff5U /* minimum FAT32 clusters */
#define MAXCLS12 0xff4U /* maximum FAT12 clusters */
#define MAXCLS16 0xfff4U /* maximum FAT16 clusters */
#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4U /* maximum FAT32 clusters */
#define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \
MINCLS32)
#define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \
MAXCLS32)
#define mk1(p, x) \
(p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
#define mk2(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
#define mk4(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \
(p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \
(p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
#define argto1(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg)
#define argto2(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg)
#define argto4(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg)
#define argtox(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg)
struct bs {
u_int8_t bsJump[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */
u_int8_t bsOemName[8]; /* OEM name and version */
} __packed;
struct bsbpb {
u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2]; /* bytes per sector */
u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2]; /* reserved sectors */
u_int8_t bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */
u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2]; /* root directory entries */
u_int8_t bpbSectors[2]; /* total sectors */
u_int8_t bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */
u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2]; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2]; /* sectors per track */
u_int8_t bpbHeads[2]; /* drive heads */
u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4]; /* hidden sectors */
u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4]; /* big total sectors */
} __packed;
struct bsxbpb {
u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2]; /* FAT control flags */
u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2]; /* file system version */
u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4]; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2]; /* file system info sector */
u_int8_t bpbBackup[2]; /* backup boot sector */
u_int8_t bpbReserved[12]; /* reserved */
} __packed;
struct bsx {
u_int8_t exDriveNumber; /* drive number */
u_int8_t exReserved1; /* reserved */
u_int8_t exBootSignature; /* extended boot signature */
u_int8_t exVolumeID[4]; /* volume ID number */
u_int8_t exVolumeLabel[11]; /* volume label */
u_int8_t exFileSysType[8]; /* file system type */
} __packed;
struct de {
u_int8_t deName[11]; /* name and extension */
u_int8_t deAttributes; /* attributes */
u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */
u_int8_t deMTime[2]; /* last-modified time */
u_int8_t deMDate[2]; /* last-modified date */
u_int8_t deStartCluster[2]; /* starting cluster */
u_int8_t deFileSize[4]; /* size */
} __packed;
struct bpb {
u_int bpbBytesPerSec; /* bytes per sector */
u_int bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int bpbResSectors; /* reserved sectors */
u_int bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */
u_int bpbRootDirEnts; /* root directory entries */
u_int bpbSectors; /* total sectors */
u_int bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */
u_int bpbFATsecs; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int bpbSecPerTrack; /* sectors per track */
u_int bpbHeads; /* drive heads */
u_int bpbHiddenSecs; /* hidden sectors */
u_int bpbHugeSectors; /* big total sectors */
u_int bpbBigFATsecs; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int bpbRootClust; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int bpbFSInfo; /* file system info sector */
u_int bpbBackup; /* backup boot sector */
};
#define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
static struct {
const char *name;
struct bpb bpb;
} const stdfmt[] = {
{"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}}
};
static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
0xfa, /* cli */
0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */
0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */
0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */
0xfb, /* sti */
0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */
0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */
0x5e, /* pop si */
0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */
0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */
0xfc, /* cld */
0xac, /* lodsb */
0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */
0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */
0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */
0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */
0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */
0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */
0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */
0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */
0x0d, 0x0a,
'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
0x0d, 0x0a,
'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
0x0d, 0x0a,
0
};
static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo;
static void infohandler(int);
static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
static void getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int,
struct bpb *);
static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *);
static off_t argtooff(const char *, const char *);
static int oklabel(const char *);
static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
static void usage(void);
/*
* Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.
*/
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static const char opts[] = "@:NB:C:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:r:s:u:";
const char *opt_B = NULL, *opt_L = NULL, *opt_O = NULL, *opt_f = NULL;
u_int opt_F = 0, opt_I = 0, opt_S = 0, opt_a = 0, opt_b = 0, opt_c = 0;
u_int opt_e = 0, opt_h = 0, opt_i = 0, opt_k = 0, opt_m = 0, opt_n = 0;
u_int opt_o = 0, opt_r = 0, opt_s = 0, opt_u = 0;
int opt_N = 0;
int Iflag = 0, mflag = 0, oflag = 0;
char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
struct sigaction si_sa;
struct stat sb;
struct timeval tv;
struct bpb bpb;
struct tm *tm;
struct bs *bs;
struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
struct bsx *bsx;
struct de *de;
u_int8_t *img;
const char *fname, *dtype, *bname;
ssize_t n;
time_t now;
u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
int ch, fd, fd1;
off_t opt_create = 0, opt_ofs = 0;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case '@':
opt_ofs = argtooff(optarg, "offset");
break;
case 'N':
opt_N = 1;
break;
case 'B':
opt_B = optarg;
break;
case 'C':
opt_create = argtooff(optarg, "create size");
break;
case 'F':
if (strcmp(optarg, "12") &&
strcmp(optarg, "16") &&
strcmp(optarg, "32"))
errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg);
opt_F = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'I':
opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID");
Iflag = 1;
break;
case 'L':
if (!oklabel(optarg))
errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg);
opt_L = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
if (strlen(optarg) > 8)
errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg);
opt_O = optarg;
break;
case 'S':
opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector");
break;
case 'a':
opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT");
break;
case 'b':
opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size");
opt_c = 0;
break;
case 'c':
opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster");
opt_b = 0;
break;
case 'e':
opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries");
break;
case 'f':
opt_f = optarg;
break;
case 'h':
opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads");
break;
case 'i':
opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector");
break;
case 'k':
opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector");
break;
case 'm':
opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor");
mflag = 1;
break;
case 'n':
opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs");
break;
case 'o':
opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors");
oflag = 1;
break;
case 'r':
opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors");
break;
case 's':
opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size");
break;
case 'u':
opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track");
break;
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
usage();
fname = *argv++;
if (!opt_create && !strchr(fname, '/')) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, fname);
if (!(fname = strdup(buf)))
err(1, NULL);
}
dtype = *argv;
if (opt_create) {
if (opt_N)
errx(1, "create (-C) is incompatible with -N");
fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
if (fd == -1)
errx(1, "failed to create %s", fname);
if (ftruncate(fd, opt_create))
errx(1, "failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)opt_create);
} else if ((fd = open(fname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1)
err(1, "%s", fname);
if (fstat(fd, &sb))
err(1, "%s", fname);
if (opt_create) {
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname);
} else {
if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname);
}
if (!opt_N)
check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode);
if (opt_ofs && opt_ofs != lseek(fd, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET))
errx(1, "cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)opt_ofs);
memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
if (opt_f) {
getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors;
bpb.bpbSectors = 0;
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs;
bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0;
}
if (opt_h)
bpb.bpbHeads = opt_h;
if (opt_u)
bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = opt_u;
if (opt_S)
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = opt_S;
if (opt_s)
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = opt_s;
if (oflag)
bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = opt_o;
if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag))) {
off_t delta;
getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (opt_ofs / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
delta = bpb.bpbHugeSectors % bpb.bpbSecPerTrack;
if (delta != 0) {
warnx("trim %d sectors to adjust to a multiple of %d",
(int)delta, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= delta;
}
if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) { /* set defaults */
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32;
else
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64; /* otherwise 32k */
}
}
if (!powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))
errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS)
errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, MINBPS);
if (!(fat = opt_F)) {
if (opt_f)
fat = 12;
else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k))
fat = 32;
}
if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k)))
errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k',
fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
if (opt_f && fat == 32)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0;
if (opt_b) {
if (!powerof2(opt_b))
errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b);
if (opt_b < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)
errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
opt_b, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (opt_b > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC)
errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
opt_b, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC);
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = opt_b / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
}
if (opt_c) {
if (!powerof2(opt_c))
errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c);
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = opt_c;
}
if (opt_r)
bpb.bpbResSectors = opt_r;
if (opt_n) {
if (opt_n > MAXNFT)
errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
opt_n, MAXNFT);
bpb.bpbFATs = opt_n;
}
if (opt_e)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = opt_e;
if (mflag) {
if (opt_m < 0xf0)
errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (%#x)", opt_m);
bpb.bpbMedia = opt_m;
}
if (opt_a)
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = opt_a;
if (opt_i)
bpb.bpbFSInfo = opt_i;
if (opt_k)
bpb.bpbBackup = opt_k;
bss = 1;
bname = NULL;
fd1 = -1;
if (opt_B) {
bname = opt_B;
if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
if (!(bname = strdup(buf)))
err(1, NULL);
}
if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb))
err(1, "%s", bname);
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16)
errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
}
if (!bpb.bpbFATs)
bpb.bpbFATs = 2;
if (!fat) {
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
fat = 12;
else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors <
(bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
(MAXCLS16 + 1) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
fat = 16;
else
fat = 32;
}
x = bss;
if (fat == 32) {
if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup)
errx(1, "no room for info sector");
bpb.bpbFSInfo = x;
}
if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo)
x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1;
if (!bpb.bpbBackup) {
if (x == MAXU16)
errx(1, "no room for backup sector");
bpb.bpbBackup = x;
} else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo)
errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector");
if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup)
x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1;
}
if (!bpb.bpbResSectors)
bpb.bpbResSectors = fat == 32 ?
MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x;
else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x)
errx(1, "too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x,
bpb.bpbResSectors);
if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE;
rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de));
if (!bpb.bpbSecPerClust)
for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 :
DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC &&
bpb.bpbResSectors +
howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
rds +
(u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) *
bpb.bpbSecPerClust <= bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1)
continue;
if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16)
errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds;
x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1;
if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors)
errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size");
x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs;
x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB /
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB + fat /
BPN * bpb.bpbFATs);
x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB);
if (!bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) {
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2;
x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs;
}
cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) -
RESFTE;
if (cls > x)
cls = x;
if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2)
warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
cls);
if (cls < mincls(fat))
errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
mincls(fat));
if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
cls = maxcls(fat);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1;
warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
}
printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
"(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust,
cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
if (!bpb.bpbMedia)
bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
if (fat == 32)
bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE;
if (bpb.bpbHiddenSecs + bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) {
bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0;
}
if (fat != 32) {
bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs;
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0;
}
print_bpb(&bpb);
if (!opt_N) {
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
now = tv.tv_sec;
tm = localtime(&now);
if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
err(1, NULL);
dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs;
memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa));
si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler;
if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1)
err(1, "sigaction SIGINFO");
for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) {
if (got_siginfo) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n",
fname, lsn,
(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)),
(lsn * 100) / (dir +
(fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)));
got_siginfo = 0;
}
x = lsn;
if (opt_B &&
fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) {
x -= bpb.bpbBackup;
if (!x && lseek(fd1, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET))
err(1, "%s", bname);
}
if (opt_B && x < bss) {
if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1)
err(1, "%s", bname);
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)
errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
} else
memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (!lsn ||
(fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) {
x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads);
mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs);
mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
if (fat == 32) {
bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0);
mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
}
bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29);
if (Iflag)
x = opt_I;
else
x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
(u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min));
mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x);
mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO NAME");
sprintf(buf, "FAT%u", fat);
setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType));
if (!opt_B) {
x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
bs = (struct bs *)img;
mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb);
mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2);
mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90);
setstr(bs->bsOemName, opt_O ? opt_O : "BSD4.4 ",
sizeof(bs->bsOemName));
memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
}
} else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 &&
(lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo ||
(bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) {
mk4(img, 0x41615252);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.bpbRootClust);
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
} else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir &&
!((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) %
(bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) {
mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia);
for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
} else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) {
de = (struct de *)img;
mklabel(de->deName, opt_L);
mk1(de->deAttributes, 050);
x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
mk2(de->deMTime, x);
x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
(u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday;
mk2(de->deMDate, x);
}
if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1)
err(1, "%s", fname);
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)
errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Exit with error if file system is mounted.
*/
static void
check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
{
struct statfs *mp;
const char *s1, *s2;
size_t len;
int n, r;
if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT)))
err(1, "getmntinfo");
len = strlen(_PATH_DEV);
s1 = fname;
if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
s1 += len;
r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
for (; n--; mp++) {
s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
s2 += len;
if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
!strcmp(s1, s2))
errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
}
}
/*
* Get a standard format.
*/
static void
getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
{
u_int x, i;
x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]);
for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
if (i == x)
errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
*bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
}
/*
* Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
*/
static void
getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag,
struct bpb *bpb)
{
struct disklabel *lp, dlp;
struct fd_type type;
off_t ms, hs = 0;
lp = NULL;
/* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */
if (dtype != NULL) {
lp = getdiskbyname(dtype);
}
/* Maybe it's a floppy drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) {
struct stat st;
if (fstat(fd, &st))
err(1, "cannot get disk size");
/* create a fake geometry for a file image */
ms = st.st_size;
dlp.d_secsize = 512;
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
} else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) {
dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize;
dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac;
dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
}
}
/* Maybe it's a fixed drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec)
dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec;
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dlp) == -1) {
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE,
&dlp.d_secsize) == -1)
err(1, "cannot get sector size");
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS,
&dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) {
warn("cannot get number of sectors per track");
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
}
if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0 &&
ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) {
warn("cannot get number of heads");
if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 1;
else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 16;
else
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
}
}
hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit;
lp = &dlp;
}
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0)
bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector");
if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0)
bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track");
if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0)
bpb->bpbHeads = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads");
if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0)
bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit;
if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0)
bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs;
}
/*
* Print out BPB values.
*/
static void
print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
{
printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u",
bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors,
bpb->bpbFATs);
if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts)
printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts);
if (bpb->bpbSectors)
printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors);
printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia);
if (bpb->bpbFATsecs)
printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs);
printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack,
bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs);
if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors)
printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors);
if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) {
printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs,
bpb->bpbRootClust);
printf(" FSInfo=");
printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo);
printf(" Backup=");
printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup);
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* Check a disk geometry value.
*/
static u_int
ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
{
if (!val)
errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
if (val > MAXU16)
errx(1, "%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val);
return val;
}
/*
* Convert and check a numeric option argument.
*/
static u_int
argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg)
{
char *s;
u_long x;
errno = 0;
x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0);
if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi)
errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
return x;
}
/*
* Same for off_t, with optional skmgpP suffix
*/
static off_t
argtooff(const char *arg, const char *msg)
{
char *s;
off_t x;
errno = 0;
x = strtoll(arg, &s, 0);
/* allow at most one extra char */
if (errno || x < 0 || (s[0] && s[1]) )
errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
if (*s) { /* the extra char is the multiplier */
switch (*s) {
default:
errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
/* notreached */
case 's': /* sector */
case 'S':
x <<= 9; /* times 512 */
break;
case 'k': /* kilobyte */
case 'K':
x <<= 10; /* times 1024 */
break;
case 'm': /* megabyte */
case 'M':
x <<= 20; /* times 1024*1024 */
break;
case 'g': /* gigabyte */
case 'G':
x <<= 30; /* times 1024*1024*1024 */
break;
case 'p': /* partition start */
case 'P':
case 'l': /* partition length */
case 'L':
errx(1, "%s: not supported yet %s", arg, msg);
/* notreached */
}
}
return x;
}
/*
* Check a volume label.
*/
static int
oklabel(const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
c = (u_char)*src++;
if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
break;
}
return i && !c;
}
/*
* Make a volume label.
*/
static void
mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' ';
*dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
}
}
/*
* Copy string, padding with spaces.
*/
static void
setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
{
while (len--)
*dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
}
/*
* Print usage message.
*/
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: newfs_msdos [ -options ] special [disktype]\n"
"where the options are:\n"
"\t-@ create file system at specified offset\n"
"\t-B get bootstrap from file\n"
"\t-C create image file with specified size\n"
"\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n"
"\t-I volume ID\n"
"\t-L volume label\n"
"\t-N don't create file system: just print out parameters\n"
"\t-O OEM string\n"
"\t-S bytes/sector\n"
"\t-a sectors/FAT\n"
"\t-b block size\n"
"\t-c sectors/cluster\n"
"\t-e root directory entries\n"
"\t-f standard format\n"
"\t-h drive heads\n"
"\t-i file system info sector\n"
"\t-k backup boot sector\n"
"\t-m media descriptor\n"
"\t-n number of FATs\n"
"\t-o hidden sectors\n"
"\t-r reserved sectors\n"
"\t-s file system size (sectors)\n"
"\t-u sectors/track\n");
exit(1);
}
static void
infohandler(int sig __unused)
{
got_siginfo = 1;
}
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