773 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
773 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
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<sect1>
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<title>Boot-time Kernel Configuration</title>
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<para>This section describes the boot-time configuration of the
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&os; kernel.</para>
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<sect2>
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<title>Default Configuration</title>
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<para>The following table contains a list of all of the devices
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that are present in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel. This
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is the essential part of the operating system that is placed in
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your root partition during the installation process. A compressed
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version of the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel is also used on
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the installation floppy diskette and DOS boot image.</para>
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<para>The table describes the various parameters used by the
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driver to communicate with the hardware in your system. There are
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four parameters in the table, though not all are used by each and
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every device:
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<informaltable frame=none>
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<tgroup cols=2 align=left>
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<colspec colwidth="*">
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<colspec colwidth="5*">
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>Port</entry>
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<entry>The starting I/O port used by the device, shown in hexadecimal.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>IRQ</entry>
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<entry>The interrupt the device uses to alert the driver to an event,
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given in decimal.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>DRQ</entry>
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<entry>The DMA (direct memory access) channel the device uses to move
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data to and from main memory, also given in decimal.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>IOMem</entry>
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<entry>The lowest (or starting) memory address used by the device,
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also shown in hexadecimal.</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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If an entry in the table has `n/a' for a value then it means that
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the parameter in question does not apply to that device. A value
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of `dyn' means that the correct value should be determined
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automatically by the kernel when the system boots and that you
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don't need to worry about it.</para>
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<para>If an entry is marked with an *, it means that support is
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currently not available for it but should be back as soon as
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someone converts the driver to work within the new (post-4.0)
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framework.</para>
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<para>
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<informaltable frame=none>
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<tgroup cols=6 align=left>
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<colspec colwidth="*">
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<colspec colwidth="*">
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<colspec colwidth="*">
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<colspec colwidth="*">
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<colspec colwidth="*">
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<colspec colwidth="5*">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Device</entry>
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<entry>Port</entry>
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<entry>IRQ</entry>
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<entry>DRQ</entry>
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<entry>IOMem</entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>fdc0</entry>
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<entry>3f0</entry>
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<entry>6</entry>
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<entry>2</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Floppy disk controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ata0</entry>
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<entry>170</entry>
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<entry>14</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>ATA/ATAPI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ata1</entry>
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<entry>170</entry>
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<entry>15</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>ATA/ATAPI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>atadisk0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>ATA disk drives</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>atapicd0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>ATAPI CDROM drives</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>atapifd0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>ATAPI floppy drives</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>atapist0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>ATAPI tape drives</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>adv0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>AdvanSys Narrow SCSI controllers</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>adw0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>AdvanSys Wide SCSI controllers</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>amd0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>AMD 53C974 (Tekram DC390(T))</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ncr0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>NCR PCI SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>bt0</entry>
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<entry>330</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Buslogic SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>aha0</entry>
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<entry>330</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>5</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Adaptec 154x/1535 SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ahb0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Adaptec 174x SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ahc0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Adaptec 274x/284x/294x SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>aic0</entry>
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<entry>340</entry>
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<entry>11</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Adaptec 152x/AIC-6360/AIC-6260 SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>isp0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>QLogic 10X0, 1240 Ultra SCSI, 1080/1280 Ultra2 SCSI, 12160 Ultra3 SCSI, 2X00 Fibre Channel SCSI controller</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>dpt0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>DPT RAID SCSI controllers</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>amr0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>AMI MegaRAID controllers</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>mlx0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Mylex DAC960 RAID controllers</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>twe0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>3ware Escalade RAID controllers</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>asr0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>DPT SmartRaid V, VI, and Adaptec SCSI RAID</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>mly0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>aac</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Adaptec FSA family PCI SCSI RAID</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ncv</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>NCR 53C500 based PC-Card SCSI</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>nsp</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Workbit Ninja SCSI-3 based PC-Card SCSI</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>stg</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>TMC 18C30/50 based ISA/PC-Card SCSI</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>wt0</entry>
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<entry>300</entry>
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<entry>5</entry>
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<entry>1</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Wangtek and Archive QIC-02/QIC-36</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>psm0</entry>
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<entry>60</entry>
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<entry>12</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>PS/2 Mouse</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>mcd0</entry>
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<entry>300</entry>
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<entry>10</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Mitsumi CD-ROM</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>matcd0</entry>
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<entry>230</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Matsushita/Panasonic CD-ROM</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>scd0</entry>
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<entry>230</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Sony CD-ROM</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>sio0</entry>
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<entry>3f8</entry>
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<entry>4</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Serial Port 0 (COM1)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>sio1</entry>
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<entry>2f8</entry>
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<entry>3</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Serial Port 1 (COM2)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ppc0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>7</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Printer ports</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>dc0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>DEC/Intel 21143 cards and workalikes</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>de0</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>DEC DC21x40 PCI based cards (including 21140 100bT cards)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ed0</entry>
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<entry>280</entry>
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<entry>10</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>d8000</entry>
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<entry>WD & SMC 80xx; Novell NE1000 & NE2000; 3Com 3C503; HP PC Lan+</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ep0</entry>
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<entry>300</entry>
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<entry>10</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>3Com 3C509, 3C529, 3C556, 3C562D, 3C563D, 3C572, 3C574X, 3C579, 3C589</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ex0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 cards</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>fe0</entry>
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<entry>300</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>Allied-Telesyn AT1700, RE2000 and Fujitsu FMV-180 series cards.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>fxp0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B and Intel PRO/100+ Management Adapter</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ie0</entry>
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<entry>300</entry>
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<entry>10</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>d0000</entry>
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<entry>AT&T StarLAN 10 and EN100; 3Com 3C507; NI5210; Intel EtherExpress (8/16,16[TP]) cards</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>le0</entry>
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<entry>300</entry>
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<entry>5</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>d0000</entry>
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<entry>Digital Equipment EtherWorks 2 and EtherWorks 3</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>lnc0</entry>
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<entry>280</entry>
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<entry>10</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Lance/PCnet cards (Isolan, Novell NE2100, NE32-VL, some PCnet-PCI cards)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>pcn0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>AMD PCnet/FAST, PCnet/FAST+, PCnet/FAST III, PCnet/PRO, PCnet/Home, and HomePNA cards</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>rl0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>RealTek 8129/8139 fast ethernet</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>sf0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Adaptec AIC-6915 fast ethernet</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>sis0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>SiS 900/SiS 7016 fast ethernet</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>sn0</entry>
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<entry>0x300</entry>
|
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<entry>10</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>SMC 91xx ethernet</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ste0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>n/a</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
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<entry>Sundance ST201 fast ethernet</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>tl0</entry>
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<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>TI TNET100 'ThunderLAN' cards.</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>tx0</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>SMC 9432 'Epic' fast ethernet</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>wb0</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>Winbond W89C840F PCI based cards.</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>vr0</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>VIA VT3043/VT86C100A PCI based cards.</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>vx0</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>3Com 3c59x ((Fast) Etherlink III)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>xe0</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>Xircom CreditCard adapters (16 bit)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>xl0</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>3Com 3c900, 3c905, 3c905B, 3c905C, 3c980, 3cSOHO100 ((Fast) Etherlink XL)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>cs0</entry>
|
|
<entry>0x300</entry>
|
|
<entry>dyn</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>n/a</entry>
|
|
<entry>Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0-based cards.</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the hardware in your computer is not set to the same
|
|
settings as those shown in the table and the item in conflict is
|
|
not marked 'dyn', you will have to either reconfigure your
|
|
hardware or use UserConfig to reconfigure the kernel to match the
|
|
way your hardware is currently set (see the next section).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the settings do not match, the kernel may be unable to
|
|
locate or reliably access the devices in your system.</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2>
|
|
<title>Using UserConfig to change FreeBSD kernel settings</title>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>The markup for this section leaves a lot to be desired.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<para>The FreeBSD kernel on the install floppy contains drivers
|
|
for every piece of hardware that could conceivably be used to
|
|
install the rest of the system with. Unfortunately, PC hardware
|
|
being what it is, some of these devices can be difficult to detect
|
|
accurately, and for some, the process of detecting another can
|
|
cause irreversible confusion.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To make this process easier, FreeBSD provides UserConfig.
|
|
With this tool the user can configure and disable device drivers
|
|
before the kernel is loaded, avoiding potential conflicts, and
|
|
eliminating the need to reconfigure hardware to suit the default
|
|
driver settings.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Once FreeBSD is installed, it will remember the changes made using
|
|
UserConfig, so that they only need be made once.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>It is important to disable drivers that are not relevant to
|
|
a system in order to minimize the possibility of interference,
|
|
which can cause problems that are difficult to track down.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>UserConfig features a command line interface for users with
|
|
serial consoles or a need to type commands, and a full screen
|
|
<quote>visual</quote> interface, which provides point-and-shoot
|
|
configuration functionality.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Here is a sample UserConfig screen shot in
|
|
<quote>visual</quote> mode:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen>---Active Drivers---------------------------10 Conflicts------Dev---IRQ--Port--
|
|
Storage : (Collapsed)
|
|
Network :
|
|
NE1000,NE2000,3C503,WD/SMC80xx Ethernet adapters CONF ed0 5 0x280
|
|
NE1000,NE2000,3C503,WD/SMC80xx Ethernet adapters CONF ed1 5 0x300
|
|
Communications : (Collapsed)
|
|
Input : (Collapsed)
|
|
Multimedia :
|
|
---Inactive Drivers-------------------------------------------Dev--------------
|
|
Storage :
|
|
Network : (Collapsed)
|
|
Communications :
|
|
Input :
|
|
Multimedia :
|
|
|
|
|
|
---Parameters-for-device-ed0---------------------------------------------------
|
|
Port address : 0x280 Memory address : 0xd8000
|
|
IRQ number : 5 Memory size : 0x2000
|
|
Flags : 0x0000
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
IO Port address (Hexadecimal, 0x1-0x2000)
|
|
[TAB] Change fields [Q] Save device parameters</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>The screen is divided into four sections:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Active Drivers. Listed here are the device drivers
|
|
that are currently enabled, and their basic
|
|
parameters.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Inactive Drivers. These drivers are present, but are
|
|
disabled.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Parameter edit field. This area is used for editing
|
|
driver parameters.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Help area. Keystroke help is displayed here.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>One of the Active and Inactive lists is always in use, and
|
|
the current entry in the list will be shown with a highlight bar.
|
|
If there are more entries in a list than can be shown, it will
|
|
scroll. The bar can be moved up and down using the cursor keys,
|
|
and moved between lists with the TAB key.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Drivers in the Active list may be marked
|
|
<literal>CONF</literal>. This indicates that one or more of their
|
|
parameters conflicts with another device, and indicates a
|
|
potential for problems. The total number of conflicts is
|
|
displayed at the top of the screen.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>As a general rule, conflicts should be avoided, either by
|
|
disabling conflicting devices that are not present in the system,
|
|
or by altering their configuration so that they match the
|
|
installed hardware.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In the list areas, drivers are grouped by their basic
|
|
function. Groups can be <literal>Collapsed</literal> to simplify
|
|
the display (this is the default state for all groups). If a
|
|
group is collapsed, it will be shown with
|
|
<literal>Collapsed</literal> in the list, as above. To Expand a
|
|
Collapsed group, position the highlight bar over the group heading
|
|
and press Enter. To Collapse it again, repeat the process.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>When a device driver in the Active list is highlighted, its
|
|
full parameters are displayed in the Parameter edit area. Note
|
|
that not all drivers use all possible parameters, and some
|
|
hardware supported by drivers may not use all the parameters the
|
|
driver supports.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To disable a driver, go to the Active list, Expand the group
|
|
it is in, highlight the driver and press Del. The driver will
|
|
move to its group in the Inactive list. (If the group is
|
|
collapsed or off the screen, you may not see the driver in its new
|
|
location.)</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To enable a driver, go to the Inactive list, Expand the
|
|
group it is in, highlight the driver and press Enter. The
|
|
highlight will move to the Active list, and the driver you have
|
|
just enabled will be highlighted, ready to be configured.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To configure a driver, go to the Active list, Expand the
|
|
group it is in, highlight the driver and press Enter. The cursor
|
|
will move to the Parameter edit area, and the device's parameters
|
|
may be edited.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>While editing parameters, the TAB and cursor keys can be
|
|
used to move between fields. Most numeric values (except IRQ) are
|
|
entered in hexadecimal, as indicated by the '0x' at the beginning
|
|
of the field. The allowable values for a given field are show in
|
|
the Key Help area when the field is active.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To finish configuring a driver, press 'Q'.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that PCI, Microchannel and EISA devices can be probed
|
|
reliably, therefore they are not shown in the table above nor can
|
|
their settings be changed using UserConfig.</para>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|