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freebsd-dev/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c
bde 6bd2201f04 Use essentially the same formatting of the CPU stats percentages as in 
vmstat so that they never coalesce.  Both iostat and vmstat need larger
fixes to prevent wide fields from unnecessarily messing up the alignment
of all subsequent fields.

PR:		41674
MFC-after:	3 days
2002-08-18 17:51:14 +00:00

766 lines
20 KiB
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/*
* Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001 Kenneth D. Merry
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* $FreeBSD$
*/
/*
* Parts of this program are derived from the original FreeBSD iostat
* program:
*/
/*-
* Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* Ideas for the new iostat statistics output modes taken from the NetBSD
* version of iostat:
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
* by John M. Vinopal.
* 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/dkstat.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <nlist.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <devstat.h>
#include <math.h>
struct nlist namelist[] = {
#define X_TK_NIN 0
{ "_tk_nin" },
#define X_TK_NOUT 1
{ "_tk_nout" },
#define X_CP_TIME 2
{ "_cp_time" },
#define X_BOOTTIME 3
{ "_boottime" },
#define X_END 3
{ NULL },
};
struct statinfo cur, last;
int num_devices;
struct device_selection *dev_select;
int maxshowdevs;
volatile sig_atomic_t headercount;
int dflag = 0, Iflag = 0, Cflag = 0, Tflag = 0, oflag = 0, Kflag = 0;
/* local function declarations */
static void usage(void);
static void needhdr(int signo);
static void phdr(void);
static void devstats(int perf_select, long double etime, int havelast);
static void cpustats(void);
static int readvar(kvm_t *kd, const char *name, int nlid, void *ptr,
size_t len);
static void
usage(void)
{
/*
* We also support the following 'traditional' syntax:
* iostat [drives] [wait [count]]
* This isn't mentioned in the man page, or the usage statement,
* but it is supported.
*/
fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdhIKoT?] [-c count] [-M core]"
" [-n devs] [-N system]\n"
"\t [-t type,if,pass] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
register int i;
int tflag = 0, hflag = 0, cflag = 0, wflag = 0, nflag = 0;
int count = 0, waittime = 0;
char *memf = NULL, *nlistf = NULL;
struct devstat_match *matches;
int num_matches = 0;
char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
kvm_t *kd = NULL;
long generation;
int num_devices_specified;
int num_selected, num_selections;
long select_generation;
char **specified_devices;
devstat_select_mode select_mode;
int havelast = 0;
matches = NULL;
maxshowdevs = 3;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:CdhIKM:n:N:ot:Tw:?")) != -1) {
switch(c) {
case 'c':
cflag++;
count = atoi(optarg);
if (count < 1)
errx(1, "count %d is < 1", count);
break;
case 'C':
Cflag++;
break;
case 'd':
dflag++;
break;
case 'h':
hflag++;
break;
case 'I':
Iflag++;
break;
case 'K':
Kflag++;
break;
case 'M':
memf = optarg;
break;
case 'n':
nflag++;
maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
if (maxshowdevs < 0)
errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
maxshowdevs);
break;
case 'N':
nlistf = optarg;
break;
case 'o':
oflag++;
break;
case 't':
tflag++;
if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches,
&num_matches) != 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 'T':
Tflag++;
break;
case 'w':
wflag++;
waittime = atoi(optarg);
if (waittime < 1)
errx(1, "wait time is < 1");
break;
default:
usage();
exit(1);
break;
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL) {
kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
if (kd == NULL)
errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) == -1)
errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
}
/*
* Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the kernel
* devstat version. If not, exit and print a message informing
* the user of his mistake.
*/
if (devstat_checkversion(kd) < 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
/*
* Make sure Tflag and/or Cflag are set if dflag == 0. If dflag is
* greater than 0, they may be 0 or non-zero.
*/
if (dflag == 0) {
Cflag = 1;
Tflag = 1;
}
/*
* Figure out how many devices we should display.
*/
if (nflag == 0) {
if (oflag > 0) {
if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0) && (Tflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 5;
else if ((dflag > 0) && (Tflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 5;
else
maxshowdevs = 4;
} else {
if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 4;
else
maxshowdevs = 3;
}
}
/* find out how many devices we have */
if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(kd)) < 0)
err(1, "can't get number of devices");
cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
if (cur.dinfo == NULL)
err(1, "malloc failed");
last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
if (last.dinfo == NULL)
err(1, "malloc failed");
bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
/*
* Grab all the devices. We don't look to see if the list has
* changed here, since it almost certainly has. We only look for
* errors.
*/
if (devstat_getdevs(kd, &cur) == -1)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
/*
* If the user specified any devices on the command line, see if
* they are in the list of devices we have now.
*/
specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
if (specified_devices == NULL)
err(1, "malloc failed");
for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
if (isdigit(**argv))
break;
num_devices_specified++;
specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
sizeof(char *) *
num_devices_specified);
if (specified_devices == NULL)
err(1, "realloc failed");
specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
}
if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
dev_select = NULL;
if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0))
select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
else
select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
/*
* At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
* device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
* or 1. If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
*/
if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections, &select_generation, generation,
cur.dinfo->devices, num_devices, matches,
num_matches, specified_devices,
num_devices_specified, select_mode, maxshowdevs,
hflag) == -1)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
/*
* Look for the traditional wait time and count arguments.
*/
if (*argv) {
waittime = atoi(*argv);
/* Let the user know he goofed, but keep going anyway */
if (wflag != 0)
warnx("discarding previous wait interval, using"
" %d instead", waittime);
wflag++;
if (*++argv) {
count = atoi(*argv);
if (cflag != 0)
warnx("discarding previous count, using %d"
" instead", count);
cflag++;
} else
count = -1;
}
/*
* If the user specified a count, but not an interval, we default
* to an interval of 1 second.
*/
if ((wflag == 0) && (cflag > 0))
waittime = 1;
/*
* If the user specified a wait time, but not a count, we want to
* go on ad infinitum. This can be redundant if the user uses the
* traditional method of specifying the wait, since in that case we
* already set count = -1 above. Oh well.
*/
if ((wflag > 0) && (cflag == 0))
count = -1;
bzero(&cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
cur.tk_nout = 0;
cur.tk_nin = 0;
/*
* Set the busy time to the system boot time, so the stats are
* calculated since system boot.
*/
if (readvar(kd, "kern.boottime", X_BOOTTIME, &cur.busy_time,
sizeof(cur.busy_time)) != 0)
exit(1);
/*
* If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
* print out the header again.
*/
(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
for (headercount = 1;;) {
struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
long tmp;
long double etime;
if (Tflag > 0) {
if ((readvar(kd, "kern.tty_nin", X_TK_NIN, &cur.tk_nin,
sizeof(cur.tk_nin)) != 0)
|| (readvar(kd, "kern.tty_nout", X_TK_NOUT,
&cur.tk_nout, sizeof(cur.tk_nout))!= 0)) {
Tflag = 0;
warnx("disabling TTY statistics");
}
}
if (Cflag > 0) {
if (readvar(kd, "kern.cp_time", X_CP_TIME,
&cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time)) != 0) {
Cflag = 0;
warnx("disabling CPU time statistics");
}
}
if (!--headercount) {
phdr();
headercount = 20;
}
tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
/*
* Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
* devstat_getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
* If the device list has changed, we want to go through
* the selection process again, in case a device that we
* were previously displaying has gone away.
*/
switch (devstat_getdevs(kd, &cur)) {
case -1:
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1: {
int retval;
num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections,
&select_generation,
generation,
cur.dinfo->devices,
num_devices, matches,
num_matches,
specified_devices,
num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs,
hflag);
switch(retval) {
case -1:
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1:
phdr();
headercount = 20;
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
}
default:
break;
}
/*
* We only want to re-select devices if we're in 'top'
* mode. This is the only mode where the devices selected
* could actually change.
*/
if (hflag > 0) {
int retval;
retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections,
&select_generation,
generation,
cur.dinfo->devices,
num_devices, matches,
num_matches,
specified_devices,
num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs,
hflag);
switch(retval) {
case -1:
errx(1,"%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1:
phdr();
headercount = 20;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
if (Tflag > 0) {
tmp = cur.tk_nin;
cur.tk_nin -= last.tk_nin;
last.tk_nin = tmp;
tmp = cur.tk_nout;
cur.tk_nout -= last.tk_nout;
last.tk_nout = tmp;
}
etime = devstat_compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
if (etime == 0.0)
etime = 1.0;
for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
tmp = cur.cp_time[i];
cur.cp_time[i] -= last.cp_time[i];
last.cp_time[i] = tmp;
}
if (Tflag > 0)
printf("%4.0Lf%5.0Lf", cur.tk_nin / etime,
cur.tk_nout/etime);
devstats(hflag, etime, havelast);
if (Cflag > 0)
cpustats();
printf("\n");
fflush(stdout);
if (count >= 0 && --count <= 0)
break;
sleep(waittime);
havelast = 1;
}
exit(0);
}
/*
* Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
*/
void
needhdr(int signo)
{
headercount = 1;
}
static void
phdr(void)
{
register int i;
int printed;
if (Tflag > 0)
(void)printf(" tty");
for (i = 0, printed=0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
int di;
if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
&& (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
di = dev_select[i].position;
if (oflag > 0)
(void)printf("%12.6s%d ",
cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
else
printf("%15.6s%d ",
cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
printed++;
}
}
if (Cflag > 0)
(void)printf(" cpu\n");
else
(void)printf("\n");
if (Tflag > 0)
(void)printf(" tin tout");
for (i=0, printed = 0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
&& (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
if (oflag > 0) {
if (Iflag == 0)
(void)printf(" sps tps msps ");
else
(void)printf(" blk xfr msps ");
} else {
if (Iflag == 0)
printf(" KB/t tps MB/s ");
else
printf(" KB/t xfrs MB ");
}
printed++;
}
}
if (Cflag > 0)
(void)printf(" us ni sy in id\n");
else
printf("\n");
}
static void
devstats(int perf_select, long double etime, int havelast)
{
register int dn;
long double transfers_per_second;
long double kb_per_transfer, mb_per_second;
u_int64_t total_bytes, total_transfers, total_blocks;
long double total_mb;
long double blocks_per_second, ms_per_transaction;
for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
int di;
if (((perf_select == 0) && (dev_select[dn].selected == 0))
|| (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
continue;
di = dev_select[dn].position;
if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
havelast ? &last.dinfo->devices[di] : NULL, etime,
DSM_TOTAL_BYTES, &total_bytes,
DSM_TOTAL_TRANSFERS, &total_transfers,
DSM_TOTAL_BLOCKS, &total_blocks,
DSM_KB_PER_TRANSFER, &kb_per_transfer,
DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
DSM_MB_PER_SECOND, &mb_per_second,
DSM_BLOCKS_PER_SECOND, &blocks_per_second,
DSM_MS_PER_TRANSACTION, &ms_per_transaction,
DSM_NONE) != 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
if (perf_select != 0) {
dev_select[dn].bytes = total_bytes;
if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
|| (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
continue;
}
if (Kflag) {
int block_size = cur.dinfo->devices[di].block_size;
total_blocks = total_blocks * (block_size ?
block_size : 512) / 1024;
}
if (oflag > 0) {
int msdig = (ms_per_transaction < 100.0) ? 1 : 0;
if (Iflag == 0)
printf("%4.0Lf%4.0Lf%5.*Lf ",
blocks_per_second,
transfers_per_second,
msdig,
ms_per_transaction);
else
printf("%4.1qu%4.1qu%5.*Lf ",
total_blocks,
total_transfers,
msdig,
ms_per_transaction);
} else {
if (Iflag == 0)
printf(" %5.2Lf %3.0Lf %5.2Lf ",
kb_per_transfer,
transfers_per_second,
mb_per_second);
else {
total_mb = total_bytes;
total_mb /= 1024 * 1024;
printf(" %5.2Lf %3.1qu %5.2Lf ",
kb_per_transfer,
total_transfers,
total_mb);
}
}
}
}
static void
cpustats(void)
{
register int state;
double time;
time = 0.0;
for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
time += cur.cp_time[state];
for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
printf(" %2.0f",
rint(100. * cur.cp_time[state] / (time ? time : 1)));
}
static int
readvar(kvm_t *kd, const char *name, int nlid, void *ptr, size_t len)
{
if (kd != NULL) {
ssize_t nbytes;
nbytes = kvm_read(kd, nlid, ptr, len);
if (nbytes == 0) {
warnx("kvm_read(%s): %s", name, kvm_geterr(kd));
return (1);
}
if (nbytes != len) {
warnx("kvm_read(%s): expected %lu bytes, got %ld bytes",
name, (unsigned long)len, (long)nbytes);
return (1);
}
} else {
size_t nlen = len;
if (sysctlbyname(name, ptr, &nlen, NULL, 0) == -1) {
warn("sysctl(%s...) failed", name);
return (1);
}
if (nlen != len) {
warnx("sysctl(%s...): expected %lu, got %lu", name,
(unsigned long)len, (unsigned long)nlen);
return (1);
}
}
return (0);
}
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