749 lines
15 KiB
Groff
749 lines
15 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1996
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.\" Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Berkeley Software
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.\" Design, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Berkeley Software Design, Inc. ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Berkeley Software Design, Inc. BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" BSDI doscmd.1,v 2.3 1996/04/08 19:32:29 bostic Exp
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd January 30, 1995
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.Dt DOSCMD 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm doscmd
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.Nd run a subset of real-mode DOS programs
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm doscmd
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.Fl 23AbDEfHIMOPRrtVvXxYz
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.Fl c Ar file
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.Fl d Ar file
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.Fl i Ar port Ns Xo
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.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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.Xc
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.Fl o Ar port Ns Xo
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.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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.Xc
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.Fl S Ar int
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.Fl U Ar int
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.Op Ar cmd [args ...]
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm Doscmd
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can either emulate a subset of DOS and run the
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single command
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.Ar cmd
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.Ar args ,
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or it can be used to emulate a PC and boot DOS,
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which allows it to run a larger variety of DOS applications.
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It should be noted that MS DOS 6.2 and higher appear
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to cause difficulties for
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.Nm doscmd.
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|
To boot DOS, either provide the
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.Fl b
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|
flag or omit the
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.Ar cmd
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argument.
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|
If
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|
.Fl b
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is specified,
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|
.Ar cmd
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|
and
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|
.Ar args
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|
are ignored.
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|
.Pp
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|
Although
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.Nm doscmd
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|
only provides a subset of DOS, it is sufficient to run a variety of
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programs, including, but not limited to, compilers, assemblers and
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linker-loaders.
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.Pp
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The various flags available to
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.Nm doscmd
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|
are:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl 2
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|
Enable debugging traces of every trap to the
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.Nm doscmd
|
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emulator from the DOS program.
|
|
Note that some traps are handled in the kernel and hence will not
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be traced.
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|
.It Fl 3
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Enable debugging of several lower level functions, such
|
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as changing of interrupt vectors and initializing paths to logical drives.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl A
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|
Enable tracing of all interrupts that pass into the emulator.
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|
This is the same as using the
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.Fl S
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option with all 256 possible interrupt values.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl b
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|
Attempt to boot DOS rather than emulate it.
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl c Ar file
|
|
Capture all output directed at the screen into
|
|
.Ar file .
|
|
Note that direct screen writes will not be captured.
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl C
|
|
List MS-DOS calls emulated and their return values.
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.It Fl D
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|
Enable debugging of the disk and file operations.
|
|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.It Fl d Ar file
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|
Send the debug output to
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.Ar file
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|
instead of stderr.
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.It Fl E
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|
Enable debugging of the exec routines.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
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|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl H
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|
Enable tracing of half implemented calls.
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.It Fl I
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Enable tracing of all interrupts. Almost the same as
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.Fl A
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|
except a few less traces are turned on.
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.It Fl i Ar port Ns Xo
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|
.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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|
.Xc
|
|
Enable tracing of all inputs requested from the io
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|
.Ar port .
|
|
If
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|
.Ar cnt
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|
is present, trace from
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|
.Ar port
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|
to
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|
.Ar port+cnt Ns No -1 .
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl M
|
|
Enable debugging of the memory operations.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl O
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|
Direct the debugging output to stdout rather than stderr.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl o Ar port Ns Xo
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|
.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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|
.Xc
|
|
Enable tracing of all outputs requested from the io
|
|
.Ar port .
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar cnt
|
|
is present, trace from
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|
.Ar port
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|
to
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.Ar port+cnt Ns No -1 .
|
|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl p Ar port Ns Xo
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|
.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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|
.Xc
|
|
Map the requested io
|
|
.Ar port
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|
(with optional range up to to
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|
.Ar port+cnt Ns No -1 )
|
|
to the real hardware I/O port(s).
|
|
This will likely require root privs to access them.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl P
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|
Enable tracing of io port calls (such as
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|
.Li inb ,
|
|
.Li outb ,
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|
etc).
|
|
.\"
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|
.\"
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|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl R
|
|
Enable debugging of the file redirect code.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
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|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl r
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|
Use the raw keyboard and display. Pressing <CTRL-ALT-DEL> will
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|
cause doscmd to exit. This allows use of VGA graphics.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl S Ar int
|
|
Enable tracing of the interrupt
|
|
.Ar int .
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl t
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|
Attempt to do instruction level tracing.
|
|
Some instructions confuse the trace.
|
|
Pressing
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|
.Li <CTRL-ALT-T>
|
|
attempts to toggle the trace mode on and off.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl U Ar int
|
|
Disable tracing of the interrupt
|
|
.Ar int .
|
|
Useful after
|
|
.Fl A
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|
or
|
|
.Fl I .
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl V
|
|
Include register dumps when reporting unknown interrupts.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Same as
|
|
.Fl AH
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|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl X
|
|
Enable debugging of the XMS operations.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl x
|
|
Open an X11 window to display output. This enables a
|
|
variety interrupts not available otherwise. This
|
|
can be used with or without
|
|
.Fl b .
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl Y
|
|
Enable debugging of the EMS operations.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Fl z
|
|
Cause
|
|
.Nm doscmd
|
|
to pause just prior to jumping to the DOS program.
|
|
Very little use except for developing
|
|
.Nm doscmd .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When starting up,
|
|
.Nm doscmd
|
|
attempts to read a configuration file. First the file
|
|
.Cm .doscmdrc
|
|
in the current directory. If not found there, the
|
|
.Cm $HOME
|
|
directory is searched. If still not found, the file
|
|
.Cm /etc/doscmdrc
|
|
is used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In the configuration file, a comment is started with the \fB#\fP character.
|
|
Blank lines are ignored.
|
|
Non empty lines either are environment variables
|
|
or commands which configure devices.
|
|
Any line which has an \fB=\fP before any white space is considered to be
|
|
an environment variable assignment and is added to the DOS environment.
|
|
The rest of the lines are one of the following
|
|
.Bl -tag -width XXXXX
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm boot Op Cm A: | C:
|
|
Set the device to boot from.
|
|
By default
|
|
.Cm A:
|
|
is first tried, if it is defined, and if that fails,
|
|
.Cm C:
|
|
is tried.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Op Cm A-Z :
|
|
.Op Fl ro
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Assigns the
|
|
.Nm BSD/OS
|
|
directory
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
to be assigned as the specified drive. If the
|
|
.Fl ro
|
|
flag is specified, it is a read only file system.
|
|
These assignments will not take place when booting DOS until the
|
|
.Pa /usr/libdata/doscmd/redir.com
|
|
binary is run.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Cm lpt Ns Op Cm 0-4 :
|
|
.Op Cm direct
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Op Ar timeout
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Attempt to assign the specified printer to
|
|
.Ar path .
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar timeout
|
|
is specified then use it as the length of time for no
|
|
activity (in seconds) to indicate that the printer
|
|
should be flushed. The default is 30 seconds.
|
|
The
|
|
.Cm direct
|
|
option should be set when
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
refers to a real printer.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Op Cm A: | B:
|
|
.Op Fl ro
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Ar density
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Cm flop Ns Op Cm 01
|
|
.Op Fl ro
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Ar density
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Assign the file
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
to be used as either the next available floppy or
|
|
to the specified floppy.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl ro
|
|
is specified the floppy will be read only.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar density
|
|
may be one of:
|
|
.sp
|
|
.Bl -tag -compact -width 1440x
|
|
.It 180
|
|
9 head 40 track single sided floppy
|
|
.It 360
|
|
9 head 40 track double sided floppy
|
|
.It 720
|
|
9 head 80 track double sided floppy
|
|
.It 1200
|
|
15 head 80 track double sided floppy
|
|
.It 1440
|
|
18 head 80 track double sided floppy
|
|
.It 2880
|
|
36 head 80 track double sided floppy
|
|
.El
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Op Cm C-Z :
|
|
.Op Fl ro
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Op Ar type | cyl head sec
|
|
.Op Ar fdisk_tab
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Cm hard Ns Op Cm 01
|
|
.Op Fl ro
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Op Ar type | cyl head sec
|
|
.Op Ar fdisk_tab
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Assign the file
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
to be used as either the next available hard disk or
|
|
to the specified hard disk.
|
|
A disk's geometry can either be directly specified with
|
|
.Ar cyl
|
|
being the number of cylinders,
|
|
.Ar head
|
|
the number of heads and
|
|
.Ar sec
|
|
the number of sectors per track,
|
|
or it can be one of the standard types specified by
|
|
.Ar type
|
|
(see below).
|
|
The option
|
|
.Ar fdisk_tab
|
|
argument specifies file to use as the first sector
|
|
of this disk. This can be useful for inserting a
|
|
false fdisk table when
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
only refers to part of a disk.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm assign Xo
|
|
.Cm com Ns Op Cm 1-4 :
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Ar port
|
|
.Ar irq
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Assign the tty or pty specified by
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
to be used as the specified com port.
|
|
It's base address will be emulated at
|
|
.Ar port
|
|
at interrupt specified by
|
|
.Ar irq .
|
|
This code is lightly tested and may not suit all needs.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm portmap Xo
|
|
.Ar port
|
|
.Op Ar count
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Map the requested io
|
|
.Ar port
|
|
(with optional range up to to
|
|
.Ar port+count Ns No -1 )
|
|
to the real hardware I/O port(s).
|
|
This will likely require root privs to access them.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\"
|
|
.It Cm "setver command version"
|
|
Cause doscmd, when emulating DOS, to report
|
|
.Cm version
|
|
as the version number of DOS when called from the program named
|
|
.Cm command .
|
|
The format of
|
|
.Cm version
|
|
is the same as of the
|
|
.Cm MS_VERSION
|
|
variable described below.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If not already assigned,
|
|
.Cm C:
|
|
will be assigned to the root directory (/) and the current directory
|
|
for
|
|
.Cm C:
|
|
will be set to the actual current directory.
|
|
Note that this means that invocations such as:
|
|
.sp
|
|
doscmd ../foo
|
|
.sp
|
|
will not work as the
|
|
.Cm C:
|
|
directory will start with the current path.
|
|
Also, the following environment variables will be defined if not
|
|
already defined:
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
.Cm "COMSPEC=C:\eCOMMAND.COM
|
|
.Cm "PATH=C:\e
|
|
.Cm "PROMPT=DOS>
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
.Cm PATH
|
|
variable is also used to find
|
|
.Ar cmd .
|
|
Like DOS, first
|
|
.Ar cmd.com
|
|
will be looked for and then
|
|
.Ar cmd.exe .
|
|
.Sh "CONFIGURATION VARIABLES"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
There are several variables in the
|
|
.Cm .doscmdrc
|
|
file which are internal to doscmd and do not actually get inserted into
|
|
the DOS environment. These are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width MS_VERSION
|
|
.It Cm MS_VERSION
|
|
The value of this variable is used to determine the version of DOS that
|
|
should be reported by
|
|
.Nm doscmd .
|
|
Note that
|
|
.Nm doscmd
|
|
will not change the way
|
|
it works, just the way it reports. By default this value is
|
|
.Cm 410 ,
|
|
which corresponds to
|
|
.Nm "MS DOS
|
|
version
|
|
.Nm 4.1 .
|
|
To change it to version 3.2 (the default in previous versions of
|
|
.Nm doscmd )
|
|
use the value of
|
|
.Cm 320 .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILE TRANSLATION
|
|
.Nm Doscmd
|
|
translates
|
|
.Nm BSD/OS
|
|
file names into
|
|
.Nm DOS
|
|
file names by converting to all upper case and eliminating any invalid
|
|
character. It does not make any attempt to convert ASCII files into
|
|
the
|
|
.Cm <CR><LF>
|
|
format favored in the DOS world. Use the program
|
|
.Xr bsd2dos 1
|
|
to convert ASCII files.
|
|
.bp
|
|
.Sh DISK TYPES
|
|
.TS H
|
|
expand, box;
|
|
r | r | r | r | r.
|
|
Type Cylinders Heads Sectors Size
|
|
=
|
|
01 306 4 17 10MB
|
|
02 615 4 17 20MB
|
|
03 615 6 17 30MB
|
|
04 940 8 17 62MB
|
|
05 940 6 17 46MB
|
|
_
|
|
06 615 4 17 20MB
|
|
07 462 8 17 30MB
|
|
08 733 5 17 30MB
|
|
09 900 15 17 112MB
|
|
10 820 3 17 20MB
|
|
_
|
|
11 855 5 17 35MB
|
|
12 855 7 17 49MB
|
|
13 306 8 17 20MB
|
|
14 733 7 17 42MB
|
|
15 976 15 17 121MB
|
|
_
|
|
16 612 4 17 20MB
|
|
17 977 5 17 40MB
|
|
18 977 7 17 56MB
|
|
19 1024 7 17 59MB
|
|
20 733 5 17 30MB
|
|
_
|
|
21 733 7 17 42MB
|
|
22 733 5 17 30MB
|
|
23 306 4 17 10MB
|
|
24 925 7 17 53MB
|
|
25 925 9 17 69MB
|
|
_
|
|
26 754 7 17 43MB
|
|
27 754 11 17 68MB
|
|
28 699 7 17 40MB
|
|
29 823 10 17 68MB
|
|
30 918 7 17 53MB
|
|
_
|
|
31 1024 11 17 93MB
|
|
32 1024 15 17 127MB
|
|
33 1024 5 17 42MB
|
|
34 612 2 17 10MB
|
|
35 1024 9 17 76MB
|
|
_
|
|
36 1024 8 17 68MB
|
|
37 615 8 17 40MB
|
|
38 987 3 17 24MB
|
|
39 987 7 17 57MB
|
|
40 820 6 17 40MB
|
|
_
|
|
41 977 5 17 40MB
|
|
42 981 5 17 40MB
|
|
43 830 7 17 48MB
|
|
44 830 10 17 68MB
|
|
45 917 15 17 114MB
|
|
_
|
|
46 1224 15 17 152MB
|
|
.TE
|
|
.bp
|
|
.Sh INSTALLING DOS ON A PSEUDO DISK
|
|
.Pp
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To install DOS on a pseudo hard disk under doscmd, do the following:
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.Bl -tag -width XXXX
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.It 1
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Create a
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.Pa .doscmdrc
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with at least the following:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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assign A: /dev/rfd0.1440 1440
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assign A: /dev/rfd0.720 720
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assign hard boot_drive 80 2 2
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.Ed
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.Pp
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You may need to adjust the raw files for the A: drive to match
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your system. This example will cause the HD drive to be tried
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first and the DD drive second.
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.Pp
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Note that you should only use raw devices or files at this point,
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do not use a cooked device! (Well, it would probably be okay
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for a hard disk, but certainly not the floppy)
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.Pp
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.Li boot_drive
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should be the file name of where you want your bootable
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image to be. The three numbers which follow
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.Li 80 2 2
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say that the drive will have 80 cylinders, 2 heads and 2 sectors per track.
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This is the smallest drive possible which still can have MS DOS
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5.0 installed on it along with a
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.Pa config.sys
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and
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.Pa autoexec.bat
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file.
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.Pp
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You might want to create a larger boot drive.
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.Pp
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The file
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.Pa boot_drive
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must exist, so use the command touch to create it.
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.It 2
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Insert a floppy disk into the A: drive which is bootable to MS-DOS
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and has the commands fdisk, format and sys on it. You should also
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copy the file redir.com onto the floppy by either mounting it
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with the msdos file system type or by using mtools
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(e.g.,
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.Li mwrite redir.com a: ).
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.It 3
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run doscmd.
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.It 4
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At the > prompt type
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.Li fdisk .
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.It 5
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Select
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.Li Create DOS partition or Logical Drive .
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.It 6
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Select
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.Li Create Primary DOS Partition .
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.It 7
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Tell it how big to make it
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(Typically the whole drive. It is pretty tiny after all.)
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.It 8
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Get out of FDISK by hitting
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.Li <ESC>
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a few times.
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.It 9
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doscmd may abort, if it does, start up doscmd again.
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.It 10
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At the > prompt, type
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.Li format c:
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and follow the instructions.
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.It 11
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At the > prompt type
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.Li sys c: .
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.It 12
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Get out of doscmd.
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.It 13
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Either remove the floppy from the drive or add the line
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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boot C:
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.Ed
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to your
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.Pa .doscmdrc .
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.It 14
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You should now be running DOS off of your new disk. You will
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probably want both config.sys and an autoexec.bat file. To
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start with, you can say:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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> copy con: config.sys
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LASTDRIVE=Z
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^Z
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> copy con: autoexec.bat
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@echo off
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redir.com
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^Z
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.Ed
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.It 15
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Quit doscmd.
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.It 16
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You know have a bootable pseudo disk which will automatically call
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the magic
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.Li redir
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program, which installs FreeBSD disks. To use
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them add lines to your .doscmdrc such as:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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assign D: /usr/dos
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assign P: -ro /usr/prb
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.Ed
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Note that you will not always be able to access every file due to
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naming problems.
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.El
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Pp
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If
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.Nm doscmd
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encounters an interrupt which is unimplemented, it will print a message
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such as:
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.sp
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Unknown interrupt 21 function 99
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.sp
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and exit.
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.Pp
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If
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.Nm
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emits the message
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.Ic X11 support not compiled in
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when supplied the
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.Fl x
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switch, this support can be added by defining an environment variable
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.Ev X11BASE
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which points to the installed X Window System (normally
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.Pa /usr/X11R6
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) and then typing
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.Ic make install
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in the source directory (normally
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.Pa /usr/src/usr.bin/doscmd
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). For this to work, the X programmer's kit must have been installed.
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Pace Willisson ,
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.An Paul Borman
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm doscmd
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program first appeared in BSD/386.
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