540 lines
14 KiB
C
540 lines
14 KiB
C
/*-
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* Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
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* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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* (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
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* All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
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* to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
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* Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
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* the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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* must display the following acknowledgement:
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* This product includes software developed by the University of
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* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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* without specific prior written permission.
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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* SUCH DAMAGE.
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*
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* @(#)kern_clock.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
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* $Id: kern_clock.c,v 1.55 1998/02/06 12:13:22 eivind Exp $
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*/
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#include <sys/param.h>
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#include <sys/systm.h>
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#include <sys/dkstat.h>
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#include <sys/callout.h>
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#include <sys/kernel.h>
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#include <sys/proc.h>
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#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
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#include <sys/signalvar.h>
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#include <sys/timex.h>
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#include <vm/vm.h>
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#include <sys/lock.h>
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#include <vm/pmap.h>
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#include <vm/vm_map.h>
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#include <sys/sysctl.h>
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#include <machine/cpu.h>
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#define CLOCK_HAIR /* XXX */
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#include <machine/clock.h>
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#include <machine/limits.h>
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#ifdef GPROF
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#include <sys/gmon.h>
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#endif
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#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
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#include <machine/smp.h>
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#endif
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static void initclocks __P((void *dummy));
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SYSINIT(clocks, SI_SUB_CLOCKS, SI_ORDER_FIRST, initclocks, NULL)
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/* Some of these don't belong here, but it's easiest to concentrate them. */
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#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
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long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
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#else
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static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
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#endif
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long dk_seek[DK_NDRIVE];
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static long dk_time[DK_NDRIVE]; /* time busy (in statclock ticks) */
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long dk_wds[DK_NDRIVE];
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long dk_wpms[DK_NDRIVE];
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long dk_xfer[DK_NDRIVE];
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int dk_busy;
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int dk_ndrive = 0;
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char dk_names[DK_NDRIVE][DK_NAMELEN];
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long tk_cancc;
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long tk_nin;
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long tk_nout;
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long tk_rawcc;
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/*
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* Clock handling routines.
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*
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* This code is written to operate with two timers that run independently of
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* each other. The main clock, running hz times per second, is used to keep
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* track of real time. The second timer handles kernel and user profiling,
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* and does resource use estimation. If the second timer is programmable,
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* it is randomized to avoid aliasing between the two clocks. For example,
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* the randomization prevents an adversary from always giving up the cpu
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* just before its quantum expires. Otherwise, it would never accumulate
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* cpu ticks. The mean frequency of the second timer is stathz.
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*
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* If no second timer exists, stathz will be zero; in this case we drive
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* profiling and statistics off the main clock. This WILL NOT be accurate;
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* do not do it unless absolutely necessary.
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*
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* The statistics clock may (or may not) be run at a higher rate while
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* profiling. This profile clock runs at profhz. We require that profhz
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* be an integral multiple of stathz.
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*
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* If the statistics clock is running fast, it must be divided by the ratio
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* profhz/stathz for statistics. (For profiling, every tick counts.)
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*/
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/*
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* TODO:
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* allocate more timeout table slots when table overflows.
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*/
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/*
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* Bump a timeval by a small number of usec's.
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*/
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#define BUMPTIME(t, usec) { \
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register volatile struct timeval *tp = (t); \
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register long us; \
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\
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tp->tv_usec = us = tp->tv_usec + (usec); \
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if (us >= 1000000) { \
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tp->tv_usec = us - 1000000; \
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tp->tv_sec++; \
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} \
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}
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int stathz;
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int profhz;
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static int profprocs;
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int ticks;
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static int psdiv, pscnt; /* prof => stat divider */
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int psratio; /* ratio: prof / stat */
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volatile struct timeval time;
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volatile struct timeval mono_time;
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/*
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* Initialize clock frequencies and start both clocks running.
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*/
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/* ARGSUSED*/
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static void
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initclocks(dummy)
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void *dummy;
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{
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register int i;
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/*
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* Set divisors to 1 (normal case) and let the machine-specific
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* code do its bit.
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*/
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psdiv = pscnt = 1;
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cpu_initclocks();
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/*
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* Compute profhz/stathz, and fix profhz if needed.
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*/
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i = stathz ? stathz : hz;
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if (profhz == 0)
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profhz = i;
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psratio = profhz / i;
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}
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/*
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* The real-time timer, interrupting hz times per second.
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*/
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void
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hardclock(frame)
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register struct clockframe *frame;
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{
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register struct proc *p;
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int time_update;
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struct timeval newtime = time;
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long ltemp;
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p = curproc;
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if (p) {
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register struct pstats *pstats;
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/*
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* Run current process's virtual and profile time, as needed.
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*/
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pstats = p->p_stats;
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if (CLKF_USERMODE(frame) &&
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timerisset(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL].it_value) &&
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itimerdecr(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL], tick) == 0)
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psignal(p, SIGVTALRM);
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if (timerisset(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_PROF].it_value) &&
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itimerdecr(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_PROF], tick) == 0)
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psignal(p, SIGPROF);
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}
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#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
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forward_hardclock(pscnt);
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#endif
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/*
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* If no separate statistics clock is available, run it from here.
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*/
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if (stathz == 0)
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statclock(frame);
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/*
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* Increment the time-of-day.
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*/
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ticks++;
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if (timedelta == 0) {
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time_update = CPU_THISTICKLEN(tick);
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} else {
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time_update = CPU_THISTICKLEN(tick) + tickdelta;
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timedelta -= tickdelta;
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}
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BUMPTIME(&mono_time, time_update);
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/*
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* Compute the phase adjustment. If the low-order bits
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* (time_phase) of the update overflow, bump the high-order bits
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* (time_update).
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*/
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time_phase += time_adj;
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if (time_phase <= -FINEUSEC) {
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ltemp = -time_phase >> SHIFT_SCALE;
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time_phase += ltemp << SHIFT_SCALE;
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time_update -= ltemp;
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}
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else if (time_phase >= FINEUSEC) {
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ltemp = time_phase >> SHIFT_SCALE;
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time_phase -= ltemp << SHIFT_SCALE;
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time_update += ltemp;
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}
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newtime.tv_usec += time_update;
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/*
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* On rollover of the second the phase adjustment to be used for
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* the next second is calculated. Also, the maximum error is
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* increased by the tolerance. If the PPS frequency discipline
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* code is present, the phase is increased to compensate for the
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* CPU clock oscillator frequency error.
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*
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* On a 32-bit machine and given parameters in the timex.h
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* header file, the maximum phase adjustment is +-512 ms and
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* maximum frequency offset is a tad less than) +-512 ppm. On a
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* 64-bit machine, you shouldn't need to ask.
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*/
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if (newtime.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
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newtime.tv_usec -= 1000000;
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newtime.tv_sec++;
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ntp_update_second(&newtime.tv_sec);
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}
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CPU_CLOCKUPDATE(&time, &newtime);
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if (TAILQ_FIRST(&callwheel[ticks & callwheelmask]) != NULL)
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setsoftclock();
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}
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void
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gettime(struct timeval *tvp)
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{
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int s;
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s = splclock();
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/* XXX should use microtime() iff tv_usec is used. */
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*tvp = time;
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splx(s);
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}
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/*
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* Compute number of hz until specified time. Used to
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* compute third argument to timeout() from an absolute time.
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*/
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int
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hzto(tv)
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struct timeval *tv;
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{
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register unsigned long ticks;
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register long sec, usec;
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int s;
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/*
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* If the number of usecs in the whole seconds part of the time
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* difference fits in a long, then the total number of usecs will
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* fit in an unsigned long. Compute the total and convert it to
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* ticks, rounding up and adding 1 to allow for the current tick
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* to expire. Rounding also depends on unsigned long arithmetic
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* to avoid overflow.
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*
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* Otherwise, if the number of ticks in the whole seconds part of
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* the time difference fits in a long, then convert the parts to
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* ticks separately and add, using similar rounding methods and
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* overflow avoidance. This method would work in the previous
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* case but it is slightly slower and assumes that hz is integral.
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*
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* Otherwise, round the time difference down to the maximum
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* representable value.
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*
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* If ints have 32 bits, then the maximum value for any timeout in
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* 10ms ticks is 248 days.
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*/
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s = splclock();
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sec = tv->tv_sec - time.tv_sec;
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usec = tv->tv_usec - time.tv_usec;
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splx(s);
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if (usec < 0) {
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sec--;
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usec += 1000000;
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}
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if (sec < 0) {
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#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
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printf("hzto: negative time difference %ld sec %ld usec\n",
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sec, usec);
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#endif
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ticks = 1;
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} else if (sec <= LONG_MAX / 1000000)
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ticks = (sec * 1000000 + (unsigned long)usec + (tick - 1))
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/ tick + 1;
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else if (sec <= LONG_MAX / hz)
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ticks = sec * hz
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+ ((unsigned long)usec + (tick - 1)) / tick + 1;
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else
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ticks = LONG_MAX;
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if (ticks > INT_MAX)
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ticks = INT_MAX;
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return (ticks);
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}
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/*
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* Start profiling on a process.
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*
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* Kernel profiling passes proc0 which never exits and hence
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* keeps the profile clock running constantly.
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*/
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void
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startprofclock(p)
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register struct proc *p;
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{
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int s;
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if ((p->p_flag & P_PROFIL) == 0) {
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p->p_flag |= P_PROFIL;
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if (++profprocs == 1 && stathz != 0) {
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s = splstatclock();
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psdiv = pscnt = psratio;
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setstatclockrate(profhz);
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splx(s);
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}
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}
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}
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/*
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* Stop profiling on a process.
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*/
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void
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stopprofclock(p)
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register struct proc *p;
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{
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int s;
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if (p->p_flag & P_PROFIL) {
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p->p_flag &= ~P_PROFIL;
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if (--profprocs == 0 && stathz != 0) {
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s = splstatclock();
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psdiv = pscnt = 1;
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setstatclockrate(stathz);
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splx(s);
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}
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}
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}
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/*
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* Statistics clock. Grab profile sample, and if divider reaches 0,
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* do process and kernel statistics.
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*/
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void
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statclock(frame)
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register struct clockframe *frame;
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{
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#ifdef GPROF
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register struct gmonparam *g;
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#endif
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register struct proc *p;
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register int i;
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struct pstats *pstats;
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long rss;
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struct rusage *ru;
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struct vmspace *vm;
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if (CLKF_USERMODE(frame)) {
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p = curproc;
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if (p->p_flag & P_PROFIL)
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addupc_intr(p, CLKF_PC(frame), 1);
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#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
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if (stathz != 0)
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forward_statclock(pscnt);
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#endif
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if (--pscnt > 0)
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return;
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/*
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* Came from user mode; CPU was in user state.
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* If this process is being profiled record the tick.
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*/
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p->p_uticks++;
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if (p->p_nice > NZERO)
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cp_time[CP_NICE]++;
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else
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cp_time[CP_USER]++;
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} else {
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#ifdef GPROF
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/*
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* Kernel statistics are just like addupc_intr, only easier.
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*/
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g = &_gmonparam;
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if (g->state == GMON_PROF_ON) {
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i = CLKF_PC(frame) - g->lowpc;
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if (i < g->textsize) {
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i /= HISTFRACTION * sizeof(*g->kcount);
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g->kcount[i]++;
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}
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}
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#endif
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#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
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if (stathz != 0)
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forward_statclock(pscnt);
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#endif
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if (--pscnt > 0)
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return;
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/*
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* Came from kernel mode, so we were:
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* - handling an interrupt,
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* - doing syscall or trap work on behalf of the current
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* user process, or
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* - spinning in the idle loop.
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* Whichever it is, charge the time as appropriate.
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* Note that we charge interrupts to the current process,
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* regardless of whether they are ``for'' that process,
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* so that we know how much of its real time was spent
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* in ``non-process'' (i.e., interrupt) work.
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*/
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p = curproc;
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if (CLKF_INTR(frame)) {
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if (p != NULL)
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p->p_iticks++;
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cp_time[CP_INTR]++;
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} else if (p != NULL) {
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p->p_sticks++;
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cp_time[CP_SYS]++;
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} else
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cp_time[CP_IDLE]++;
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}
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pscnt = psdiv;
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/*
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* We maintain statistics shown by user-level statistics
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* programs: the amount of time in each cpu state, and
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* the amount of time each of DK_NDRIVE ``drives'' is busy.
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*
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* XXX should either run linked list of drives, or (better)
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* grab timestamps in the start & done code.
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*/
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for (i = 0; i < DK_NDRIVE; i++)
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if (dk_busy & (1 << i))
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dk_time[i]++;
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/*
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* We adjust the priority of the current process. The priority of
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* a process gets worse as it accumulates CPU time. The cpu usage
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* estimator (p_estcpu) is increased here. The formula for computing
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* priorities (in kern_synch.c) will compute a different value each
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* time p_estcpu increases by 4. The cpu usage estimator ramps up
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* quite quickly when the process is running (linearly), and decays
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* away exponentially, at a rate which is proportionally slower when
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* the system is busy. The basic principal is that the system will
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* 90% forget that the process used a lot of CPU time in 5 * loadav
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* seconds. This causes the system to favor processes which haven't
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* run much recently, and to round-robin among other processes.
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*/
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if (p != NULL) {
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p->p_cpticks++;
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if (++p->p_estcpu == 0)
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p->p_estcpu--;
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if ((p->p_estcpu & 3) == 0) {
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resetpriority(p);
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if (p->p_priority >= PUSER)
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p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri;
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}
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/* Update resource usage integrals and maximums. */
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if ((pstats = p->p_stats) != NULL &&
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(ru = &pstats->p_ru) != NULL &&
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(vm = p->p_vmspace) != NULL) {
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ru->ru_ixrss += vm->vm_tsize * PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
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ru->ru_idrss += vm->vm_dsize * PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
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ru->ru_isrss += vm->vm_ssize * PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
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rss = vm->vm_pmap.pm_stats.resident_count *
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PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
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if (ru->ru_maxrss < rss)
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ru->ru_maxrss = rss;
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}
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}
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}
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/*
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* Return information about system clocks.
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*/
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static int
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sysctl_kern_clockrate SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
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{
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struct clockinfo clkinfo;
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/*
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* Construct clockinfo structure.
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*/
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clkinfo.hz = hz;
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clkinfo.tick = tick;
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clkinfo.tickadj = tickadj;
|
|
clkinfo.profhz = profhz;
|
|
clkinfo.stathz = stathz ? stathz : hz;
|
|
return (sysctl_handle_opaque(oidp, &clkinfo, sizeof clkinfo, req));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_CLOCKRATE, clockrate, CTLTYPE_STRUCT|CTLFLAG_RD,
|
|
0, 0, sysctl_kern_clockrate, "S,clockinfo","");
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
nanotime(ts)
|
|
struct timespec *ts;
|
|
{
|
|
struct timeval tv;
|
|
microtime(&tv);
|
|
ts->tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
|
|
ts->tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
|
|
}
|