curs_addch(3)

NAME
addch, waddch, mvaddch, mvwaddch, echochar, wechochar - add a character (with attributes) to a ncurses window, then advance the cursor

SYNOPSIS
#include <ncurses.h> addch(chtype ch);
waddch(WINDOW *win, chtype ch);
mvaddch(int y, int x, chtype ch);
mvwaddch(WINDOW *win, int y, int x, chtype ch);
echochar(chtype ch);
wechochar(WINDOW *win, chtype ch);

DESCRIPTION
The addch, waddch, mvaddch and mvwaddch routines put the character ch into the given window at its current window position, which is then advanced. They are analogous to putchar in stdio(3). If the advance is at the right margin, the cursor automatically wraps to the beginning of the next line. At the bottom of the scrolling region, if scrollok is enabled, the scrolling region is scrolled up one line. If ch is a tab, newline, or backspace, the cursor is moved appropriately within the window. A newline also does a clrtoeol before moving. Tabs are considered to be at every eighth column. If ch is any control character other than tab, newline, or backspace, it is drawn in ^X notation. Calling winch after adding a control character does not return the control character, but instead returns the representation of the control character. (To emit control characters literally, use echochar.) Video attributes can be combined with a character by OR-ing them into the parameter. This results in these attributes also being set. (The intent here is that text, including attributes, can be copied from one place to another using inch and addch.) [see standout, predefined video attribute constants, on the curs_attr(3) page]. The echochar and wechochar routines are functionally equivalent to a call to addch followed by a call to refresh, or a call to waddch followed by a call to wrefresh. The knowledge that only a single character is being output is taken into consideration and, for non-control characters, a considerable performance gain might be seen by using these routines instead of their equivalents.

  Line Graphics
The following variables may be used to add line drawing characters to the screen with routines of the addch family. The default character listed below is used if the acsc capability doesn't define a terminal-specific replacement for it. The names are taken from the VT100 nomenclature.
Name | Default | Description
ACS_ULCORNER | + | upper left-hand corner
ACS_LLCORNER | + | lower left-hand corner
ACS_URCORNER | + | upper right-hand corner
ACS_LRCORNER | + | lower right-hand corner
ACS_RTEE | + | right tee
ACS_LTEE | + | left tee
ACS_BTEE | + | bottom tee
ACS_TTEE | + | top tee
ACS_HLINE | - | horizontal line
ACS_VLINE | | | vertical line
ACS_PLUS | + | plus
ACS_S1 | - | scan line 1
ACS_S9 |  | scan line 9
ACS_DIAMOND | + | diamond
ACS_CKBOARD | : | checker board (stipple)
ACS_DEGREE | ' | degree symbol
ACS_PLMINUS | # | plus/minus
ACS_BULLET | o | bullet
ACS_LARROW | < | arrow pointing left
ACS_RARROW | > | arrow pointing right
ACS_DARROW | v | arrow pointing down
ACS_UARROW | ^ | arrow pointing up
ACS_BOARD | # | board of squares
ACS_LANTERN | # | lantern symbol
ACS_BLOCK | # | solid square block

RETURN VALUE
All routines return the integer ERR upon failure and an integer value other than ERR upon successful completion, unless otherwise noted in the preceding routine descriptions.

BUGS

NOTES
Note that addch, mvaddch, mvwaddch, and echochar may be macros. On 386 and 486 consoles, giving wechochar an argument with its high bit set will produce the corresponding high-half ASCIIZ graphic (SVr4 curses also has this feature but does not document it). A control-character argument, however, will not typically produce the corresponding graphic; characters such as CR, NL, FF and TAB are typically interpreted by the console driver itself, and ESC will be interpreted as the leader of a control sequence.

SEE ALSO
ncurses(3), curs_attr(3), curs_clear(3), curs_inch(3), curs_outopts(3), curs_refresh(3), putc(3).