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With the permission of phk@ change the license on remaining jail code to a 2 clause BSD license. Approved by: phk Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 16:02:52 +00:00
.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Poul-Henning Kamp.
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.\" Copyright (c) 2009 James Gritton.
With the permission of phk@ change the license on remaining jail code to a 2 clause BSD license. Approved by: phk Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 16:02:52 +00:00
.\" All rights reserved.
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.\"
With the permission of phk@ change the license on remaining jail code to a 2 clause BSD license. Approved by: phk Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 16:02:52 +00:00
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.\"
Fixed the misplaced $FreeBSD$.
2005-02-09 18:07:17 +00:00
.\" $FreeBSD$
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.\"
Acknowledge that jail_attach and jail_remove can return EPERM. MFC after: 1 week
2012-02-08 23:34:47 +00:00
.Dd February 8, 2012
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Dt JAIL 2
mdoc(7) police: removed HISTORY info from the .Os call.
2001-07-10 13:41:46 +00:00
.Os
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Sh NAME
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Nm jail ,
.Nm jail_get ,
.Nm jail_set ,
.Nm jail_remove ,
.Nm jail_attach
.Nd create and manage system jails
Introduce ".Lb" macro to libc manpages. More libraries manpages updates following.
2000-04-21 09:42:15 +00:00
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Sh SYNOPSIS
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
.In sys/param.h
mdoc(7) police: Use the new .In macro for #include statements.
2001-10-01 16:09:29 +00:00
.In sys/jail.h
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Ft int
$ brucify -deblunder
1999-05-16 10:51:52 +00:00
.Fn jail "struct jail *jail"
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
.Ft int
.Fn jail_attach "int jid"
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Ft int
.Fn jail_remove "int jid"
.In sys/uio.h
.Ft int
.Fn jail_get "struct iovec *iov" "u_int niov" "int flags"
.Ft int
.Fn jail_set "struct iovec *iov" "u_int niov" "int flags"
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
mdoc(7) police: Tidy up the syscall language. Stop calling system calls "function calls". Use "The .Fn system call" a-la "The .Nm utility". When referring to a non-BSD implementation in the HISTORY section, call syscall a function, to be safe.
2002-12-18 09:22:32 +00:00
.Fn jail
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
system call sets up a jail and locks the current process in it.
.Pp
The argument is a pointer to a structure describing the prison:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
struct jail {
Globally replace u_int*_t from (non-contributed) man pages. The reasoning behind this, is that if we are consistent in our documentation about the uint*_t stuff, people will be less tempted to write new code that uses the non-standard types. I am not going to bump the man page dates, as these changes can be considered style nits. The meaning of the man pages is unaffected. MFC after: 1 month
2012-02-12 18:29:56 +00:00
uint32_t version;
MFp4: Bring in updated jail support from bz_jail branch. This enhances the current jail implementation to permit multiple addresses per jail. In addtion to IPv4, IPv6 is supported as well. Due to updated checks it is even possible to have jails without an IP address at all, which basically gives one a chroot with restricted process view, no networking,.. SCTP support was updated and supports IPv6 in jails as well. Cpuset support permits jails to be bound to specific processor sets after creation. Jails can have an unrestricted (no duplicate protection, etc.) name in addition to the hostname. The jail name cannot be changed from within a jail and is considered to be used for management purposes or as audit-token in the future. DDB 'show jails' command was added to aid debugging. Proper compat support permits 32bit jail binaries to be used on 64bit systems to manage jails. Also backward compatibility was preserved where possible: for jail v1 syscalls, as well as with user space management utilities. Both jail as well as prison version were updated for the new features. A gap was intentionally left as the intermediate versions had been used by various patches floating around the last years. Bump __FreeBSD_version for the afore mentioned and in kernel changes. Special thanks to: - Pawel Jakub Dawidek (pjd) for his multi-IPv4 patches and Olivier Houchard (cognet) for initial single-IPv6 patches. - Jeff Roberson (jeff) and Randall Stewart (rrs) for their help, ideas and review on cpuset and SCTP support. - Robert Watson (rwatson) for lots and lots of help, discussions, suggestions and review of most of the patch at various stages. - John Baldwin (jhb) for his help. - Simon L. Nielsen (simon) as early adopter testing changes on cluster machines as well as all the testers and people who provided feedback the last months on freebsd-jail and other channels. - My employer, CK Software GmbH, for the support so I could work on this. Reviewed by: (see above) MFC after: 3 months (this is just so that I get the mail) X-MFC Before: 7.2-RELEASE if possible
2008-11-29 14:32:14 +00:00
char *path;
char *hostname;
char *jailname;
unsigned int ip4s;
unsigned int ip6s;
struct in_addr *ip4;
struct in6_addr *ip6;
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
};
.Ed
.Pp
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
.Dq Li version
- Markup fix-ups (add .Dq, and some hard line breaks at the end of sentences). Approved by: blackend (mentor)
2003-11-11 18:31:36 +00:00
defines the version of the API in use.
MFp4: Bring in updated jail support from bz_jail branch. This enhances the current jail implementation to permit multiple addresses per jail. In addtion to IPv4, IPv6 is supported as well. Due to updated checks it is even possible to have jails without an IP address at all, which basically gives one a chroot with restricted process view, no networking,.. SCTP support was updated and supports IPv6 in jails as well. Cpuset support permits jails to be bound to specific processor sets after creation. Jails can have an unrestricted (no duplicate protection, etc.) name in addition to the hostname. The jail name cannot be changed from within a jail and is considered to be used for management purposes or as audit-token in the future. DDB 'show jails' command was added to aid debugging. Proper compat support permits 32bit jail binaries to be used on 64bit systems to manage jails. Also backward compatibility was preserved where possible: for jail v1 syscalls, as well as with user space management utilities. Both jail as well as prison version were updated for the new features. A gap was intentionally left as the intermediate versions had been used by various patches floating around the last years. Bump __FreeBSD_version for the afore mentioned and in kernel changes. Special thanks to: - Pawel Jakub Dawidek (pjd) for his multi-IPv4 patches and Olivier Houchard (cognet) for initial single-IPv6 patches. - Jeff Roberson (jeff) and Randall Stewart (rrs) for their help, ideas and review on cpuset and SCTP support. - Robert Watson (rwatson) for lots and lots of help, discussions, suggestions and review of most of the patch at various stages. - John Baldwin (jhb) for his help. - Simon L. Nielsen (simon) as early adopter testing changes on cluster machines as well as all the testers and people who provided feedback the last months on freebsd-jail and other channels. - My employer, CK Software GmbH, for the support so I could work on this. Reviewed by: (see above) MFC after: 3 months (this is just so that I get the mail) X-MFC Before: 7.2-RELEASE if possible
2008-11-29 14:32:14 +00:00
.Dv JAIL_API_VERSION
is defined for the current version.
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
.Pp
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
The
.Dq Li path
pointer should be set to the directory which is to be the root of the
prison.
.Pp
The
.Dq Li hostname
- Markup fix-ups (add .Dq, and some hard line breaks at the end of sentences). Approved by: blackend (mentor)
2003-11-11 18:31:36 +00:00
pointer can be set to the hostname of the prison.
This can be changed
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
from the inside of the prison.
.Pp
The
MFp4: Bring in updated jail support from bz_jail branch. This enhances the current jail implementation to permit multiple addresses per jail. In addtion to IPv4, IPv6 is supported as well. Due to updated checks it is even possible to have jails without an IP address at all, which basically gives one a chroot with restricted process view, no networking,.. SCTP support was updated and supports IPv6 in jails as well. Cpuset support permits jails to be bound to specific processor sets after creation. Jails can have an unrestricted (no duplicate protection, etc.) name in addition to the hostname. The jail name cannot be changed from within a jail and is considered to be used for management purposes or as audit-token in the future. DDB 'show jails' command was added to aid debugging. Proper compat support permits 32bit jail binaries to be used on 64bit systems to manage jails. Also backward compatibility was preserved where possible: for jail v1 syscalls, as well as with user space management utilities. Both jail as well as prison version were updated for the new features. A gap was intentionally left as the intermediate versions had been used by various patches floating around the last years. Bump __FreeBSD_version for the afore mentioned and in kernel changes. Special thanks to: - Pawel Jakub Dawidek (pjd) for his multi-IPv4 patches and Olivier Houchard (cognet) for initial single-IPv6 patches. - Jeff Roberson (jeff) and Randall Stewart (rrs) for their help, ideas and review on cpuset and SCTP support. - Robert Watson (rwatson) for lots and lots of help, discussions, suggestions and review of most of the patch at various stages. - John Baldwin (jhb) for his help. - Simon L. Nielsen (simon) as early adopter testing changes on cluster machines as well as all the testers and people who provided feedback the last months on freebsd-jail and other channels. - My employer, CK Software GmbH, for the support so I could work on this. Reviewed by: (see above) MFC after: 3 months (this is just so that I get the mail) X-MFC Before: 7.2-RELEASE if possible
2008-11-29 14:32:14 +00:00
.Dq Li jailname
pointer is an optional name that can be assigned to the jail
Spelling fixes.
2010-08-02 16:01:45 +00:00
for example for management purposes.
MFp4: Bring in updated jail support from bz_jail branch. This enhances the current jail implementation to permit multiple addresses per jail. In addtion to IPv4, IPv6 is supported as well. Due to updated checks it is even possible to have jails without an IP address at all, which basically gives one a chroot with restricted process view, no networking,.. SCTP support was updated and supports IPv6 in jails as well. Cpuset support permits jails to be bound to specific processor sets after creation. Jails can have an unrestricted (no duplicate protection, etc.) name in addition to the hostname. The jail name cannot be changed from within a jail and is considered to be used for management purposes or as audit-token in the future. DDB 'show jails' command was added to aid debugging. Proper compat support permits 32bit jail binaries to be used on 64bit systems to manage jails. Also backward compatibility was preserved where possible: for jail v1 syscalls, as well as with user space management utilities. Both jail as well as prison version were updated for the new features. A gap was intentionally left as the intermediate versions had been used by various patches floating around the last years. Bump __FreeBSD_version for the afore mentioned and in kernel changes. Special thanks to: - Pawel Jakub Dawidek (pjd) for his multi-IPv4 patches and Olivier Houchard (cognet) for initial single-IPv6 patches. - Jeff Roberson (jeff) and Randall Stewart (rrs) for their help, ideas and review on cpuset and SCTP support. - Robert Watson (rwatson) for lots and lots of help, discussions, suggestions and review of most of the patch at various stages. - John Baldwin (jhb) for his help. - Simon L. Nielsen (simon) as early adopter testing changes on cluster machines as well as all the testers and people who provided feedback the last months on freebsd-jail and other channels. - My employer, CK Software GmbH, for the support so I could work on this. Reviewed by: (see above) MFC after: 3 months (this is just so that I get the mail) X-MFC Before: 7.2-RELEASE if possible
2008-11-29 14:32:14 +00:00
.Pp
The
.Dq Li ip4s
and
.Dq Li ip6s
give the numbers of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses that will be passed
via their respective pointers.
.Pp
The
.Dq Li ip4
and
.Dq Li ip6
pointers can be set to an arrays of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to be assigned to
the prison, or NULL if none.
IPv4 addresses must be in network byte order.
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
.Pp
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
This is equivalent to the
.Fn jail_set
system call (see below), with the parameters
.Va path ,
.Va host.hostname ,
.Va name ,
.Va ip4.addr ,
and
.Va ip6.addr ,
and with the
.Dv JAIL_ATTACH
flag.
.Pp
The
.Fn jail_set
system call creates a new jail, or modifies an existing one, and optionally
locks the current process in it.
Jail parameters are passed as an array of name-value pairs in the array
.Fa iov ,
containing
.Fa niov
elements.
Parameter names are a null-terminated string, and values may be strings,
integers, or other arbitrary data.
Some parameters are boolean, and do not have a value (their length is zero)
but are set by the name alone with or without a
.Dq no
prefix, e.g.
.Va persist
or
.Va nopersist .
Any parameters not set will be given default values, generally based on
the current environment.
.Pp
Jails have a set of core parameters, and modules can add their own jail
parameters.
The current set of available parameters, and their formats, can be
retrieved via the
.Va security.jail.param
sysctl MIB entry.
Notable parameters include those mentioned in the
.Fn jail
description above, as well as
.Va jid
and
.Va name ,
which identify the jail being created or modified.
See
.Xr jail 8
for more information on the core jail parameters.
.Pp
The
.Fa flags
arguments consists of one or more of the following flags:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Dv JAIL_CREATE
Create a new jail.
If a
.Va jid
or
.Va name
parameters exists, they must not refer to an existing jail.
.It Dv JAIL_UPDATE
Modify an existing jail.
One of the
.Va jid
or
.Va name
parameters must exist, and must refer to an existing jail.
If both
.Dv JAIL_CREATE
and
.Dv JAIL_UPDATE
are set, a jail will be created if it does not yet exist, and modified if it
does exist.
.It Dv JAIL_ATTACH
In addition to creating or modifying the jail, attach the current process to
it, as with the
.Fn jail_attach
system call.
.It Dv JAIL_DYING
Allow setting a jail that is in the process of being removed.
.El
.Pp
The
.Fn jail_get
system call retrieves jail parameters, using the same name-value list as
.Fn jail_set
in the
.Fa iov
and
.Fa niov
arguments.
The jail to read can be specified by either
.Va jid
or
.Va name
by including those parameters in the list.
If they are included but are not intended to be the search key, they
should be cleared (zero and the empty string respectively).
.Pp
The special parameter
.Va lastjid
can be used to retrieve a list of all jails.
It will fetch the jail with the jid above and closest to the passed value.
The first jail (usually but not always jid 1) can be found by passing a
.Va lastjid
of zero.
.Pp
The
.Fa flags
arguments consists of one or more following flags:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Dv JAIL_DYING
Allow getting a jail that is in the process of being removed.
.El
.Pp
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
The
.Fn jail_attach
system call attaches the current process to an existing jail,
identified by
Assorted mdoc(7) fixes. Approved by: re (blanket)
2003-05-22 13:02:28 +00:00
.Fa jid .
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Pp
The
.Fn jail_remove
system call removes the jail identified by
.Fa jid .
It will kill all processes belonging to the jail, and remove any children
of that jail.
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
.Sh RETURN VALUES
If successful,
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Fn jail ,
.Fn jail_set ,
and
.Fn jail_get
return a non-negative integer, termed the jail identifier (JID).
They return \-1 on failure, and set
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
.Va errno
to indicate the error.
.Pp
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Rv -std jail_attach jail_remove
There shuldn't be whitespace before a question mark.
2001-08-27 09:34:39 +00:00
.Sh PRISON?
Spelling fixes.
2004-06-21 18:57:32 +00:00
Once a process has been put in a prison, it and its descendants cannot escape
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
the prison.
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Pp
- Markup fix-ups (add .Dq, and some hard line breaks at the end of sentences). Approved by: blackend (mentor)
2003-11-11 18:31:36 +00:00
Inside the prison, the concept of
.Dq superuser
is very diluted.
In general,
Minor English corrections were made; SEE ALSO was also fixed (no commas).
1999-06-17 23:43:35 +00:00
it can be assumed that nothing can be mangled from inside a prison which
- Markup fix-ups (add .Dq, and some hard line breaks at the end of sentences). Approved by: blackend (mentor)
2003-11-11 18:31:36 +00:00
does not exist entirely inside that prison.
For instance the directory
Clarify an explanation a little bit.
1999-07-09 21:35:37 +00:00
tree below
Remove whitespace at EOL.
2001-07-15 07:53:42 +00:00
.Dq Li path
Clarify an explanation a little bit.
1999-07-09 21:35:37 +00:00
can be manipulated all the ways a root can normally do it, including
.Dq Li "rm -rf /*"
Fix a typo which I cannot believe I missed after rereading this text about 6-7 times prior to commit. Reported by: sheldonh
1999-12-21 11:55:44 +00:00
but new device special nodes cannot be created because they reference
Clarify an explanation a little bit.
1999-07-09 21:35:37 +00:00
shared resources (the device drivers in the kernel).
- Add a note about how jail(2) effects the securelevel. Reviewed by: rwatson Approved by: blackend (mentor)
2003-11-11 18:21:20 +00:00
The effective
.Dq securelevel
for a process is the greater of the global
.Dq securelevel
or, if present, the per-jail
.Dq securelevel .
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Pp
All IP activity will be forced to happen to/from the IP number specified,
Clarify an explanation a little bit.
1999-07-09 21:35:37 +00:00
which should be an alias on one of the network interfaces.
Document the special loopback address behaviour of jails. PR: kern/103464 Submitted by: brueffer (correct markup) Reviewed by: brueffer MFC after: 2 weeks
2009-01-06 18:10:17 +00:00
All connections to/from the loopback address
.Pf ( Li 127.0.0.1
for IPv4,
.Li ::1
for IPv6) will be changed to be to/from the primary address
of the jail for the given address family.
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Pp
It is possible to identify a process as jailed by examining
.Dq Li /proc/<pid>/status :
it will show a field near the end of the line, either as
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
a single hyphen for a process at large, or the name currently
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
set for the prison for jailed processes.
.Sh ERRORS
mdoc(7) police: Tidy up the syscall language. Stop calling system calls "function calls". Use "The .Fn system call" a-la "The .Nm utility". When referring to a non-BSD implementation in the HISTORY section, call syscall a function, to be safe.
2002-12-18 09:22:32 +00:00
The
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
.Fn jail
mdoc(7) police: Tidy up the syscall language. Stop calling system calls "function calls". Use "The .Fn system call" a-la "The .Nm utility". When referring to a non-BSD implementation in the HISTORY section, call syscall a function, to be safe.
2002-12-18 09:22:32 +00:00
system call
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
will fail if:
Use `Er' variable to define first column width in ERRORS section. It was initially suggested by mdoc(7) style, but was broken over the years
2000-05-04 13:09:25 +00:00
.Bl -tag -width Er
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.It Bq Er EPERM
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
This process is not allowed to create a jail, either because it is not
Add a limit for child jails via the "children.cur" and "children.max" parameters. This replaces the simple "allow.jails" permission. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-06-23 20:35:51 +00:00
the super-user, or because it would exceed the jail's
.Va children.max
limit.
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.It Bq Er EFAULT
.Fa jail
points to an address outside the allocated address space of the process.
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The version number of the argument is not correct.
Add EAGAIN to the ERRORS list, as found in kern_jail.c. PR: 125253 Submitted by: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@gmail.com> (original version)
2008-08-03 21:56:58 +00:00
.It Bq Er EAGAIN
No free JID could be found.
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
.El
Properly manify this manpage. Fix some spelling mistakes and typo's inspired by Nicholas' initial PR submission. PR: docs/15597 Submitted by: Nicholas Esborn <nick@flatlan.net>
1999-12-21 11:19:32 +00:00
.Pp
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
The
.Fn jail_set
system call
will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EPERM
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
This process is not allowed to create a jail, either because it is not
Add a limit for child jails via the "children.cur" and "children.max" parameters. This replaces the simple "allow.jails" permission. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-06-23 20:35:51 +00:00
the super-user, or because it would exceed the jail's
.Va children.max
limit.
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.It Bq Er EPERM
A jail parameter was set to a less restrictive value then the current
environment.
.It Bq Er EFAULT
.Fa Iov ,
or one of the addresses contained within it,
points to an address outside the allocated address space of the process.
.It Bq Er ENOENT
The jail referred to by a
.Va jid
or
.Va name
parameter does not exist, and the
.Dv JAIL_CREATE
flag is not set.
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
.It Bq Er ENOENT
The jail referred to by a
.Va jid
is not accessible by the process, because the process is in a different
Remove trailing whitespace per mdoc lint warning Disussed with: gavin No objection from: doc Approved by: joel MFC after: 3 days
2012-03-29 05:02:12 +00:00
jail.
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.It Bq Er EEXIST
The jail referred to by a
.Va jid
or
.Va name
parameter exists, and the
.Dv JAIL_UPDATE
flag is not set.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
A supplied parameter is the wrong size.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
A supplied parameter is out of range.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
A supplied string parameter is not null-terminated.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
A supplied parameter name does not match any known parameters.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
One of the
.Dv JAIL_CREATE
or
.Dv JAIL_UPDATE
flags is not set.
.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
A supplied string parameter is longer than allowed.
.It Bq Er EAGAIN
There are no jail IDs left.
.El
.Pp
The
.Fn jail_get
system call
will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EFAULT
.Fa Iov ,
or one of the addresses contained within it,
points to an address outside the allocated address space of the process.
.It Bq Er ENOENT
The jail referred to by a
.Va jid
or
.Va name
parameter does not exist.
.It Bq Er ENOENT
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
The jail referred to by a
.Va jid
is not accessible by the process, because the process is in a different
Remove trailing whitespace per mdoc lint warning Disussed with: gavin No objection from: doc Approved by: joel MFC after: 3 days
2012-03-29 05:02:12 +00:00
jail.
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
.It Bq Er ENOENT
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
The
.Va lastjid
parameter is greater than the highest current jail ID.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
A supplied parameter is the wrong size.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
A supplied parameter name does not match any known parameters.
.El
.Pp
The
.Fn jail_attach
and
.Fn jail_remove
system calls
will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
Acknowledge that jail_attach and jail_remove can return EPERM. MFC after: 1 week
2012-02-08 23:34:47 +00:00
.It Bq Er EPERM
A user other than the super-user attempted to attach to or remove a jail.
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The jail specified by
.Fa jid
does not exist.
.El
.Pp
Add a version number field to the jail(2) argument so that future changes can be handled intelligently.
1999-09-19 08:36:03 +00:00
Further
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Fn jail ,
.Fn jail_set ,
and
.Fn jail_attach
call
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Xr chroot 2
Remove extra word. Submitted by: Andre Guibert de Bruet <andy@siliconlandmark.com>
2002-05-26 05:24:53 +00:00
internally, so it can fail for all the same reasons.
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
Please consult the
.Xr chroot 2
manual page for details.
.Sh SEE ALSO
Various man page cleanup: - Sort xrefs - FreeBSD.ORG -> FreeBSD.org - Be consistent with section names as outlines in mdoc(7) - Other misc mdoc cleanup. PR: doc/13144 Submitted by: Alexy M. Zelkin <phantom@cris.net>
1999-08-15 09:51:25 +00:00
.Xr chdir 2 ,
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.Xr chroot 2 ,
.Xr jail 8
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Fn jail
mdoc(7) police: Tidy up the syscall language. Stop calling system calls "function calls". Use "The .Fn system call" a-la "The .Nm utility". When referring to a non-BSD implementation in the HISTORY section, call syscall a function, to be safe.
2002-12-18 09:22:32 +00:00
system call appeared in
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Fx 4.0 .
o In struct prison, add an allprison linked list of prisons (protected by allprison_mtx), a unique prison/jail identifier field, two path fields (pr_path for reporting and pr_root vnode instance) to store the chroot() point of each jail. o Add jail_attach(2) to allow a process to bind to an existing jail. o Add change_root() to perform the chroot operation on a specified vnode. o Generalize change_dir() to accept a vnode, and move namei() calls to callers of change_dir(). o Add a new sysctl (security.jail.list) which is a group of struct xprison instances that represent a snapshot of active jails. Reviewed by: rwatson, tjr
2003-04-09 02:55:18 +00:00
The
.Fn jail_attach
system call appeared in
.Fx 5.1 .
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
The
.Fn jail_set ,
.Fn jail_get ,
and
.Fn jail_remove
system calls appeared in
.Fx 8.0 .
Properly manify this manpage. Fix some spelling mistakes and typo's inspired by Nicholas' initial PR submission. PR: docs/15597 Submitted by: Nicholas Esborn <nick@flatlan.net>
1999-12-21 11:19:32 +00:00
.Sh AUTHORS
Various man page cleanup: - Sort xrefs - FreeBSD.ORG -> FreeBSD.org - Be consistent with section names as outlines in mdoc(7) - Other misc mdoc cleanup. PR: doc/13144 Submitted by: Alexy M. Zelkin <phantom@cris.net>
1999-08-15 09:51:25 +00:00
The jail feature was written by
.An Poul-Henning Kamp
for R&D Associates
This Implements the mumbled about "Jail" feature. This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do. For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers". Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own hostname. Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is that each customer can run their own particular version of apache and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors. It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail still takes a little knowledge. A few notes: I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them. The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces. mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable. /proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for jailed processes. Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison. There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging. Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!) If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome! Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome. Have fun... Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/ Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1999-04-28 11:38:52 +00:00
.Dq Li http://www.rndassociates.com/
mdoc(7) style fix: FreeBSD -> .Fx Reviewed by: mpp
1999-09-05 06:47:01 +00:00
who contributed it to
.Fx .
Introduce the extensible jail framework, using the same "name=value" interface as nmount(2). Three new system calls are added: * jail_set, to create jails and change the parameters of existing jails. This replaces jail(2). * jail_get, to read the parameters of existing jails. This replaces the security.jail.list sysctl. * jail_remove to kill off a jail's processes and remove the jail. Most jail parameters may now be changed after creation, and jails may be set to exist without any attached processes. The current jail(2) system call still exists, though it is now a stub to jail_set(2). Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-04-29 21:14:15 +00:00
.An James Gritton
Add hierarchical jails. A jail may further virtualize its environment by creating a child jail, which is visible to that jail and to any parent jails. Child jails may be restricted more than their parents, but never less. Jail names reflect this hierarchy, being MIB-style dot-separated strings. Every thread now points to a jail, the default being prison0, which contains information about the physical system. Prison0's root directory is the same as rootvnode; its hostname is the same as the global hostname, and its securelevel replaces the global securelevel. Note that the variable "securelevel" has actually gone away, which should not cause any problems for code that properly uses securelevel_gt() and securelevel_ge(). Some jail-related permissions that were kept in global variables and set via sysctls are now per-jail settings. The sysctls still exist for backward compatibility, used only by the now-deprecated jail(2) system call. Approved by: bz (mentor)
2009-05-27 14:11:23 +00:00
added the extensible jail parameters and hierarchical jails.
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