207 lines
7.2 KiB
Perl
207 lines
7.2 KiB
Perl
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.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)4.t 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/8/93
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.\"
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.NH 1
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Setting up
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.PP
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The 4.3BSD release comes with the necessary programs
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installed and with the default line printer queue
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created. If the system must be modified, the
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makefile in the directory /usr/src/usr.lib/lpr
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should be used in recompiling and reinstalling
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the necessary programs.
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.PP
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The real work in setting up is to create the
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.I printcap
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file and any printer filters for printers not supported
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in the distribution system.
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.NH 2
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Creating a printcap file
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.PP
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The
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.I printcap
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database contains one or more entries per printer.
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A printer should have a separate spooling directory;
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otherwise, jobs will be printed on
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different printers depending on which printer daemon starts first.
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This section describes how to create entries for printers that do not
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conform to the default printer description (an LP-11 style interface to a
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standard, band printer).
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.NH 3
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Printers on serial lines
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.PP
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When a printer is connected via a serial communication line
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it must have the proper baud rate and terminal modes set.
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The following example is for a DecWriter III printer connected
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locally via a 1200 baud serial line.
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.DS
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.DT
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lp|LA-180 DecWriter III:\e
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:lp=/dev/lp:br#1200:fs#06320:\e
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:tr=\ef:of=/usr/lib/lpf:lf=/usr/adm/lpd-errs:
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.DE
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The
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.B lp
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entry specifies the file name to open for output. Here it could
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be left out since ``/dev/lp'' is the default.
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The
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.B br
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entry sets the baud rate for the tty line and the
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.B fs
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entry sets CRMOD, no parity, and XTABS (see \fItty\fP\|(4)).
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The
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.B tr
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entry indicates that a form-feed should be printed when the queue
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empties so the paper can be torn off without turning the printer off-line and
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pressing form feed.
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The
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.B of
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entry specifies the filter program
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.I lpf
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should be used for printing the files;
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more will be said about filters later.
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The last entry causes errors
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to be written to the file ``/usr/adm/lpd-errs''
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instead of the console. Most errors from \fIlpd\fP are logged using
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\fIsyslogd\fP\|(8) and will not be logged in the specified file. The
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filters should use \fIsyslogd\fP to report errors; only those that
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write to standard error output will end up with errors in the \fBlf\fP file.
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(Occasionally errors sent to standard error output have not appeared
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in the log file; the use of \fIsyslogd\fP is highly recommended.)
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.NH 3
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Remote printers
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.PP
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Printers that reside on remote hosts should have an empty
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.B lp
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entry.
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For example, the following printcap entry would send output to the printer
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named ``lp'' on the machine ``ucbvax''.
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.DS
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.DT
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lp|default line printer:\e
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:lp=:rm=ucbvax:rp=lp:sd=/usr/spool/vaxlpd:
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.DE
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The
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.B rm
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entry is the name of the remote machine to connect to; this name must
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be a known host name for a machine on the network.
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The
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.B rp
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capability indicates
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the name of the printer on the remote machine is ``lp'';
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here it could be left out since this is the default value.
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The
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.B sd
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entry specifies ``/usr/spool/vaxlpd''
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as the spooling directory instead of the
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default value of ``/usr/spool/lpd''.
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.NH 2
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Output filters
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.PP
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Filters are used to handle device dependencies and to
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do accounting functions. The output filtering of
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.B of
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is used when accounting is
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not being done or when all text data must be passed through a filter.
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It is not intended to do accounting since it is started only once,
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all text files are filtered through it, and no provision is made for passing
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owners' login name, identifying the beginning and ending of jobs, etc.
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The other filters (if specified) are started for each file
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printed and do accounting if there is an
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.B af
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entry.
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If entries for both
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.B of
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and other filters are specified,
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the output filter is used only to print the banner page;
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it is then stopped to allow other filters access to the printer.
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An example of a printer that requires output filters
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is the Benson-Varian.
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.DS
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.DT
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va|varian|Benson-Varian:\e
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:lp=/dev/va0:sd=/usr/spool/vad:of=/usr/lib/vpf:\e
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:tf=/usr/lib/rvcat:mx#2000:pl#58:px=2112:py=1700:tr=\ef:
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.DE
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The
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.B tf
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entry specifies ``/usr/lib/rvcat'' as the filter to be
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used in printing \fItroff\fP\|(1) output.
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This filter is needed to set the device into print mode
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for text, and plot mode for printing
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.I troff
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files and raster images (see \fIva\fP\|(4V)).
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Note that the page length is set to 58 lines by the
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.B pl
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entry for 8.5" by 11" fan-fold paper.
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To enable accounting, the varian entry would be
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augmented with an
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.B af
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filter as shown below.
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.DS
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.DT
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va|varian|Benson-Varian:\e
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:lp=/dev/va0:sd=/usr/spool/vad:of=/usr/lib/vpf:\e
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:if=/usr/lib/vpf:tf=/usr/lib/rvcat:af=/usr/adm/vaacct:\e
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:mx#2000:pl#58:px=2112:py=1700:tr=\ef:
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.DE
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.NH 2
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Access Control
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.PP
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Local access to printer queues is controlled with the
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.B rg
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printcap entry.
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.DS
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:rg=lprgroup:
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.DE
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Users must be in the group
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.I lprgroup
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to submit jobs to the specified printer.
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The default is to allow all users access.
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Note that once the files are in the local queue, they can be printed
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locally or forwarded to another host depending on the configuration.
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.PP
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Remote access is controlled by listing the hosts in either the file
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/etc/hosts.equiv or /etc/hosts.lpd, one host per line. Note that
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.IR rsh (1)
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and
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.IR rlogin (1)
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use /etc/hosts.equiv to determine which hosts are equivalent for allowing logins
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without passwords. The file /etc/hosts.lpd is only used to control
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which hosts have line printer access.
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Remote access can be further restricted to only allow remote users with accounts
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on the local host to print jobs by using the \fBrs\fP printcap entry.
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.DS
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:rs:
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.DE
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