2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 2012 Luigi Rizzo, Universita` di Pisa
|
|
|
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
|
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
|
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
|
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
|
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
|
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
|
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
|
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
|
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
|
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
|
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
|
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
|
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
|
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
|
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
|
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
|
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
|
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
2016-06-08 10:26:17 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" This document is derived in part from the enet man page (enet.4)
|
|
|
|
|
.\" distributed with 4.3BSD Unix.
|
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
|
|
|
.\" $Id: $
|
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
|
.Dd July 27, 2012
|
|
|
|
|
.Dt VALE 4
|
|
|
|
|
.Os
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm vale
|
|
|
|
|
.Nd a very fast Virtual Local Ethernet using the netmap API
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
|
|
|
.Cd device netmap
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
|
is a feature of the
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr netmap 4
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
module that implements multiple Virtual switches that can
|
|
|
|
|
be used to interconnect netmap clients, including traffic
|
|
|
|
|
sources and sinks, packet forwarders, userspace firewalls,
|
|
|
|
|
and so on.
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
|
is implemented completely in software, and is extremely fast.
|
|
|
|
|
On a modern machine it can move almost 20 Million packets per
|
|
|
|
|
second (Mpps) per core with small frames, and about 70 Gbit/s
|
|
|
|
|
with 1500 byte frames.
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh OPERATION
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
dynamically creates switches and ports as clients connect
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
to it using the
|
|
|
|
|
.Xr netmap 4
|
|
|
|
|
API.
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
|
ports are named
|
|
|
|
|
.Pa vale[bdg:][port]
|
|
|
|
|
where
|
|
|
|
|
.Pa vale
|
|
|
|
|
is the prefix indicating a VALE switch rather than a standard interface,
|
|
|
|
|
.Pa bdg
|
|
|
|
|
indicates a specific switch (the colon is a separator),
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
|
.Pa port
|
|
|
|
|
indicates a port within the switch.
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
Bridge and port names are arbitrary strings, the only
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
constraint being that the full name must fit within 16
|
|
|
|
|
characters.
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
See
|
|
|
|
|
.Xr netmap 4
|
|
|
|
|
for details on the API.
|
|
|
|
|
.Ss LIMITS
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
currently supports up to 4 switches, 16 ports per switch, with
|
|
|
|
|
1024 buffers per port.
|
|
|
|
|
These hard limits will be
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
changed to sysctl variables in future releases.
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh SYSCTL VARIABLES
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
|
uses the following sysctl variables to control operation:
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width dev.netmap.verbose
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
.It dev.netmap.bridge
|
|
|
|
|
The maximum number of packets processed internally
|
|
|
|
|
in each iteration.
|
|
|
|
|
Defaults to 1024, use lower values to trade latency
|
|
|
|
|
with throughput.
|
|
|
|
|
.It dev.netmap.verbose
|
|
|
|
|
Set to non-zero values to enable in-kernel diagnostics.
|
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
|
|
|
Create one switch, with a traffic generator connected to one
|
|
|
|
|
port, and a netmap-enabled tcpdump instance on another port:
|
|
|
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
|
|
|
tcpdump -ni vale-a:1 &
|
|
|
|
|
pkt-gen -i vale-a:0 -f tx &
|
|
|
|
|
.Ed
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
Create two switches,
|
|
|
|
|
each connected to two qemu machines on different ports.
|
|
|
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
|
|
|
qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-1:a ... &
|
|
|
|
|
qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-1:b ... &
|
|
|
|
|
qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-2:c ... &
|
|
|
|
|
qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-2:d ... &
|
|
|
|
|
.Ed
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
|
.Xr netmap 4
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
.Xr http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/vale/
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
Luigi Rizzo, Giuseppe Lettieri: VALE, a switched ethernet for virtual machines,
|
|
|
|
|
June 2012, http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/vale/
|
|
|
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
|
|
|
.An -nosplit
|
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
switch was designed and implemented in 2012 by
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
.An Luigi Rizzo
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
|
.An Giuseppe Lettieri
|
|
|
|
|
at the Universita` di Pisa.
|
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2012-09-24 15:02:31 +00:00
|
|
|
was funded by the European Commission within FP7 Projects
|
2012-08-02 08:46:08 +00:00
|
|
|
CHANGE (257422) and OPENLAB (287581).
|
