d/freebsd-nq
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity
aea799602b
freebsd-nq/usr.bin/chpass/chpass.1

422 lines
12 KiB
Groff
Raw Normal View History

BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1990, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)chpass.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
.\"
.Dd December 30, 1993
.Dt CHPASS 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.Nm chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.Nd add or change user database information
.Sh SYNOPSIS
chpass
.Op Fl a Ar list
Add a `-p' option, allowing the super-user to directly set a user's encrypted password. Kerberized `login' might use this, if I get around to implementing the complete Allspice System behavior.
1995-01-14 23:14:25 +00:00
.Op Fl p Ar encpass
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.Op Fl s Ar newshell
.Op user
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Add a `-p' option, allowing the super-user to directly set a user's encrypted password. Kerberized `login' might use this, if I get around to implementing the complete Allspice System behavior.
1995-01-14 23:14:25 +00:00
The
.Nm chpass
program
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
allows editing of the user database information associated
with
.Ar user
or, by default, the current user.
The information is formatted and supplied to an editor for changes.
.Pp
Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed.
.Pp
The options are as follows:
Make use_yp() smarter about figuring out whether a user is local or NIS (or both, or neither). Also add support for -l and -y flags to force behavior to local or NIS. use_yp() also goes out of its way to retrieve the correct password database information (local or NIS) depending on what the situation since getpwent() & co. can't necessarily be trusted in some cases. Also document new flags in man page.
1995-09-02 03:56:21 +00:00
.Bl -tag -width flag
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.It Fl a
The super-user is allowed to directly supply a user database
entry, in the format specified by
.Xr passwd 5 ,
as an argument.
This argument must be a colon (``:'') separated list of all the
user database fields, although they may be empty.
Add a `-p' option, allowing the super-user to directly set a user's encrypted password. Kerberized `login' might use this, if I get around to implementing the complete Allspice System behavior.
1995-01-14 23:14:25 +00:00
.It Fl p
The super-user is allowed to directly supply an encrypted password field,
in the format used by
.Xr crypt 3 ,
as an argument.
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.It Fl s
The
.Fl s
option attempts to change the user's shell to
.Ar newshell .
.El
.Pp
Possible display items are as follows:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "Home Directory:" -compact -offset indent
.It Login:
user's login name
.It Password:
user's encrypted password
.It Uid:
user's login
.It Gid:
user's login group
.It Change:
password change time
.It Expire:
account expiration time
.It Class:
user's general classification
.It Home Directory:
user's home directory
.It Shell:
user's login shell
.It Full Name:
user's real name
.It Location:
user's normal location
.It Home Phone:
user's home phone
.It Office Phone:
user's office phone
.El
.Pp
The
.Ar login
field is the user name used to access the computer account.
.Pp
The
.Ar password
field contains the encrypted form of the user's password.
.Pp
The
.Ar uid
field is the number associated with the
.Ar login
field.
Both of these fields should be unique across the system (and often
across a group of systems) as they control file access.
.Pp
While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names
and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so. Routines
that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
entries, and that one by random selection.
.Pp
The
.Ar group
field is the group that the user will be placed in at login.
Since BSD supports multiple groups (see
.Xr groups 1 )
this field currently has little special meaning.
This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see
.Xr group 5 ) .
.Pp
The
.Ar change
field is the date by which the password must be changed.
.Pp
The
.Ar expire
field is the date on which the account expires.
.Pp
Both the
.Ar change
and
.Ar expire
fields should be entered in the form ``month day year'' where
.Ar month
is the month name (the first three characters are sufficient),
.Ar day
is the day of the month, and
.Ar year
is the year.
.Pp
The
.Ar class
field is currently unused. In the near future it will be a key to
a
.Xr termcap 5
style database of user attributes.
.Pp
The user's
.Ar home directory
is the full UNIX path name where the user
will be placed at login.
.Pp
The
.Ar shell
field is the command interpreter the user prefers.
If the
.Ar shell
field is empty, the Bourne shell,
.Pa /bin/sh ,
is assumed.
When altering a login shell, and not the super-user, the user
may not change from a non-standard shell or to a non-standard
shell.
Non-standard is defined as a shell not found in
.Pa /etc/shells .
.Pp
The last four fields are for storing the user's
.Ar full name , office location ,
and
.Ar home
and
.Ar work telephone
numbers.
.Pp
Once the information has been verified,
.Nm chpass
uses
.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
to update the user database.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
The
.Xr vi 1
editor will be used unless the environment variable EDITOR is set to
an alternate editor.
When the editor terminates, the information is re-read and used to
update the user database itself.
Only the user, or the super-user, may edit the information associated
with the user.
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.Sh NIS INTERACTION
.Nm Chpass
can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions
apply.
Currently,
.Nm chpass
can only make changes to the NIS passwd maps through
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8 ,
which normally only permits changes to a user's password, shell and GECOS
fields. Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
.Nm chpass
(and, similarly,
.Xr passwd 1 )
can not use the
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
server to change other user information or
add new records to the NIS passwd maps.
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
Furthermore,
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
requires password authentication before it will make any
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
changes. The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying
a password is the super-user on the NIS master server; all other users,
including those with root privileges on NIS clients (and NIS slave
servers) must enter a password.
(The super-user on the NIS master is allowed to bypass these restrictions
largely for convenience: a user with root access
to the NIS master server already has the privileges required to make
updates to the NIS maps, but editing the map source files by hand can
be cumbersome.
.Pp
Note: these exceptions only apply when the NIS master server is a
FreeBSD system.)
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.Pp
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
Consequently, except where noted, the following restrictions apply when
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.Nm chpass
is used with NIS:
.Bl -enum -offset indent
.It
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Pa Only the shell and GECOS information may be changed.
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
All other
fields are restricted, even when
.Nm chpass
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
is invoked by the super-user.
While support for
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
changing other fields could be added, this would lead to
compatibility problems with other NIS-capable systems.
Even though the super-user may supply data for other fields
while editing an entry, the extra information (other than the
password -- see below) will be silently discarded.
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Pp
Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
change any field.
.Pp
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.It
.Pa Password authentication is required.
.Nm Chpass
will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
any changes. If the password is invalid, all changes will be
discarded.
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Pp
Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is allowed to
submit changes without supplying a password. (The super-user may
choose to turn off this feature using the
.Fl o
flag, described below.)
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.It
.Pa Adding new records to the local
.Pa password database is discouraged.
.Nm Chpass
will allow the administrator to add new records to the
local password database while NIS is enabled, but this can lead to
some confusion since the new records are appended to the end of
the master password file, usually after the special NIS '+' entries.
The administrator should use
.Xr vipw 8
to modify the local password
file when NIS is running.
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Pp
The super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to add new records
to the NIS password maps, provided the
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
server has been started with the
.Fl a
flag to permitted additions (it refuses them by default).
.Nm Chpass
tries to update the local password database by default; to update the
NIS maps instead, invoke chpass with the
.Fl y
flag.
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.It
.Pa Password changes are not permitted.
Users should use
.Xr passwd 1
or
.Xr yppasswd 1
to change their NIS passwords. The super-user is allowed to specify
a new password (even though the ``Password:'' field does not show
up in the editor template, the super-user may add it back by hand),
but even the super-user must supply the user's original password
otherwise
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
will refuse to update the NIS maps.
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.Pp
Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
change a user's NIS password with
.Nm chpass .
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.El
Make use_yp() smarter about figuring out whether a user is local or NIS (or both, or neither). Also add support for -l and -y flags to force behavior to local or NIS. use_yp() also goes out of its way to retrieve the correct password database information (local or NIS) depending on what the situation since getpwent() & co. can't necessarily be trusted in some cases. Also document new flags in man page.
1995-09-02 03:56:21 +00:00
.Pp
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
There are also a few extra option flags that are available when
Make use_yp() smarter about figuring out whether a user is local or NIS (or both, or neither). Also add support for -l and -y flags to force behavior to local or NIS. use_yp() also goes out of its way to retrieve the correct password database information (local or NIS) depending on what the situation since getpwent() & co. can't necessarily be trusted in some cases. Also document new flags in man page.
1995-09-02 03:56:21 +00:00
.Nm chpass
Correct a typo :-).
1995-09-02 19:25:40 +00:00
is compiled with NIS support:
Make use_yp() smarter about figuring out whether a user is local or NIS (or both, or neither). Also add support for -l and -y flags to force behavior to local or NIS. use_yp() also goes out of its way to retrieve the correct password database information (local or NIS) depending on what the situation since getpwent() & co. can't necessarily be trusted in some cases. Also document new flags in man page.
1995-09-02 03:56:21 +00:00
.Bl -tag -width flag
.It Fl l
The
.Fl l
flag forces
.Nm chpass
to modify the local copy of a user's password
information in the even that a user exists in both
the local and NIS databases.
.It Fl y
This flag has the opposite effect of
.Fl l .
This flag is largely redundant since
.Nm chpass
operates on NIS entries by default if NIS is enabled.
Merge in changes to support the new rpc.yppasswdd(8) and fix a few bugs. In passwd(1): - Gut most of yp_passwd.c and leave only a few things that aren't common to pw_yp.c. - Add support for -d and -h flags to select domains and NIS server hosts to use when updating NIS passwords. This allows passwd(1) to be used for changing NIS passwords from machines that aren't configured as NIS clients. (This is mostly to allow passwd(1) to work on NIS master servers that aren't configured as clients -- an NIS server need not necessarily be configured as a client itself.) NOTE: Realize that having the ability to specify a domain and hostname lets you use passwd(1) (and chpass(1) too) to submit update requests to yppasswd daemons running on remote servers in remote domains which you may not even be bound to. For example, my machine at home is not an NIS client of the servers on the network that I manage, yet I can easily change my password at work using my FreeBSD box at home by doing: 'passwd -d work.net.domain -h any.nis.server.on.my.net wpaul'. (Yes, I do use securenets at work; temporarily modified my securenets file to give my home system access.) Some people may not be too thrilled with this idea. Those who don't like this feature can recompile passwd(1) and chpass(1) with -DPARANOID to restrict the use of these flags to the superuser. (Oh, I should be adding proper securenets support to ypserv(8) and rpc.yppasswdd(8) over the weekend.) - Merge in changes to allow root on the NIS master server to bypass authentication and change any user's NIS password. (The super-user on the NIS master already has privileges to do this, but doing it through passwd(1) is much easier than updating the maps by hand.) Note that passwd(1) communicates with rpc.yppasswdd(8) via a UNIX domain socket instead of via standard RPC/IP in this case. - Update man page. In chpass(1): - Fix pw_yp.c to work properly in environments where NIS client services aren't available. - Use realloc() instead of malloc() in copy_yp_pass() and copy_local_pass(). - Fix silly bug in copy_yp_pass(); some of the members of the passwd structure weren't being filled in correctly. (This went unnoticed for a while since the old yppasswdd didn't allow changes to the fields that were being botched.) - chpass(1) now also allows the superuser on the NIS master server to make unrestricted changes to any user's NIS password information. - Use UNIX domain comm channel to rpc.yppasswdd(8) when run by the superuser on the NIS master. This allows several new things: o superuser can update an entire master.passwd.{byname,byuid} entry o superuser can update records in arbitrary domains using -d flag to select a domain (before you could only change the default domain) o superuser can _add_ records to the NIS master.passwd maps, provided rpc.yppasswdd(8) has been started with the -a flag (to do this, the superuser must force NIS operation by specifying the -y flag to chpass(1) along with -a, i.e. 'chpass -y -a 'foo:::::::::') - Back out the 'chpass -a <new password entry> breaks with NIS' fix from the last revision and fix it properly this time. The previous revision fixed the immediate problem but broke NIS operation in some cases. - In edit.c, be a little more reasonable about deciding when to prevent the shell field from being changed. Submitted by Charles Owens <owensc@enc.edu>, who said: "I made a minor (one-line) modification to chpass, with regards to whether or not it allows the changing of shells. In the 2.0.5 code, field changing follows the settings specified in the "list" structure defined in table.c . For the shell, though, this is ignored. A quick look in edit.c showed me why, but I don't understand why it was written as such. The logic was if shell is standard shell, allow changing I changed it to if shell changing is allowed (per table.c) and it is a standard shell OR if uid=0, then allow changing." Makes sense to me. - Update man page.
1996-02-23 16:08:59 +00:00
.It Fl d Ar domain
Specify a particular NIS domain.
.Nm Chpass
uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
.Xr domainname 1
command. The
.Fl d
option can be used to override a default, or to specify a domain
when the system domain name is not set.
.It Fl h Ar host
Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query. Normally,
.Nm chpass
will communicate with the NIS master host specified in the
.Pa master.passwd
or
.Pa passwd
maps. On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is
no way for the program to determine this information unless the user
provides the hostname of a server. Note that the specified hostname need
not be that of the NIS master server; the name of any server, master or
slave, in a given NIS domain will do.
.Pp
When using the
.Fl d
option, the hostname defaults to ``localhost.'' The
.Fl h
option can be used in conjunction with the
.Fl d
option, in which case the user-specified hostname will override
the default.
.Pp
.It Fl o
Force the use of RPC-based updates when communicating with
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
(``old-mode'').
When invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
.Nm chpass
allows unrestricted changes to the NIS passwd maps using dedicated,
non-RPC-based mechanism (in this case, a UNIX domain socket). The
.Fl o
flag can be used to force
.Nm chpass
to use the standard update mechanism instead. This option is provided
mainly for testing purposes.
Make use_yp() smarter about figuring out whether a user is local or NIS (or both, or neither). Also add support for -l and -y flags to force behavior to local or NIS. use_yp() also goes out of its way to retrieve the correct password database information (local or NIS) depending on what the situation since getpwent() & co. can't necessarily be trusted in some cases. Also document new flags in man page.
1995-09-02 03:56:21 +00:00
.El
.Pp
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact
.It Pa /etc/master.passwd
The user database
.It Pa /etc/passwd
A Version 7 format password file
.It Pa /etc/chpass.XXXXXX
Temporary copy of the password file
.It Pa /etc/shells
The list of approved shells
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr login 1 ,
.Xr finger 1 ,
.Xr passwd 1 ,
.Xr getusershell 3 ,
.Xr passwd 5 ,
.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
.Xr vipw 8
.Rs
.%A Robert Morris
and
.%A Ken Thompson
.%T "UNIX Password security"
.Re
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
.Sh NOTES
The
.Xr chfn 1 ,
.Xr chsh 1 ,
.Xr ypchpass 1 ,
.Xr ypchfn 1
and
Fix typo in xref in NOTES section.
1996-02-14 22:26:04 +00:00
.Xr ypchsh 1
Take the ypchfn/ypchsh stuff that was removed from passwd and graft it into chpass. Chpass can now tell when it's being asked to operate on an NIS user and it displayes the appropriate message in the editor template ("Changing NIS information for foo"). After the changes have been made, chpass will promte the user for his NIS password. If the password is correct, the changes are committed to yppasswdd. Hopefully, this should make NIS more transparent to the end user. Note that even the superuser needs to know a user's password before he can change any NIS information (such is the nature of yppasswdd). Also, changes to the password field are not permitted -- that's what yppasswd is for. (The superuser may specify a new password, but again, he needs to know the user's original password before he can change it.)
1995-08-13 16:12:28 +00:00
commands are really only links to
.Nm chpass .
BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources
1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
.Sh BUGS
User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
.Bx 4.3 Reno .
Reference in New Issue Copy Permalink