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Clean up the grammar in here some.

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Ceri Davies 2006-05-24 11:01:16 +00:00
parent 8df65d80e2
commit 16e8814522
1 changed files with 32 additions and 31 deletions
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63
share/man/man4/geom.4
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@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ improve the overall flexibility.
.It Em TASTING
is a process that happens whenever a new class or new provider
is created, and it provides the class a chance to automatically configure an
instance on providers, which it recognizes as its own.
instance on providers which it recognizes as its own.
A typical example is the MBR disk-partition class which will look for
the MBR table in the first sector and, if found and validated, will
instantiate a geom to multiplex according to the contents of the MBR.
@ -208,15 +208,15 @@ When a geom orphans a provider, all future I/O requests will
on the provider with an error code set by the geom.
Any
consumers attached to the provider will receive notification about
the orphanization when the eventloop gets around to it, and they
the orphanization when the event loop gets around to it, and they
can take appropriate action at that time.
.Pp
A geom which came into being as a result of a normal taste operation
should self-destruct unless it has a way to keep functioning lacking
the orphaned provider.
Geoms like diskslicers should therefore self-destruct whereas
RAID5 or mirror geoms will be able to continue, as long as they do
not loose quorum.
should self-destruct unless it has a way to keep functioning whilst
lacking the orphaned provider.
Geoms like disk slicers should therefore self-destruct whereas
RAID5 or mirror geoms will be able to continue as long as they do
not lose quorum.
.Pp
When a provider is orphaned, this does not necessarily result in any
immediate change in the topology: any attached consumers are still
@ -230,20 +230,20 @@ The typical scenario is:
A device driver detects a disk has departed and orphans the provider for it.
.It
The geoms on top of the disk receive the orphanization event and
orphans all their providers in turn.
Providers, which are not attached to, will typically self-destruct
orphan all their providers in turn.
Providers which are not attached to will typically self-destruct
right away.
This process continues in a quasi-recursive fashion until all
relevant pieces of the tree has heard the bad news.
relevant pieces of the tree have heard the bad news.
.It
Eventually the buck stops when it reaches geom_dev at the top
of the stack.
.It
Geom_dev will call
.Xr destroy_dev 9
to stop any more request from
to stop any more requests from
coming in.
It will sleep until all (if any) outstanding I/O requests have
It will sleep until any and all outstanding I/O requests have
been returned.
It will explicitly close (i.e.: zero the access counts), a change
which will propagate all the way down through the mesh.
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ the cleanup is complete.
While this approach seems byzantine, it does provide the maximum
flexibility and robustness in handling disappearing devices.
.Pp
The one absolutely crucial detail to be aware is that if the
The one absolutely crucial detail to be aware of is that if the
device driver does not return all I/O requests, the tree will
not unravel.
.It Em SPOILING
@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ It is probably easiest to understand spoiling by going through
an example.
.Pp
Imagine a disk,
.Pa da0
.Pa da0 ,
on top of which an MBR geom provides
.Pa da0s1
and
@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ a BSD geom provides
.Pa da0s1a
through
.Pa da0s1e ,
both the MBR and BSD geoms have
and that both the MBR and BSD geoms have
autoconfigured based on data structures on the disk media.
Now imagine the case where
.Pa da0
@ -292,21 +292,22 @@ can inform them otherwise.
To avoid this situation, when the open of
.Pa da0
for write happens,
all attached consumers are told about this, and geoms like
all attached consumers are told about this and geoms like
MBR and BSD will self-destruct as a result.
When
.Pa da0
is closed again, it will be offered for tasting again
and if the data structures for MBR and BSD are still there, new
is closed, it will be offered for tasting again
and, if the data structures for MBR and BSD are still there, new
geoms will instantiate themselves anew.
.Pp
Now for the fine print:
.Pp
If any of the paths through the MBR or BSD module were open, they
would have opened downwards with an exclusive bit rendering it
would have opened downwards with an exclusive bit thus rendering it
impossible to open
.Pa da0
for writing in that case and conversely
for writing in that case.
Conversely,
the requested exclusive bit would render it impossible to open a
path through the MBR geom while
.Pa da0
@ -316,42 +317,42 @@ From this it also follows that changing the size of open geoms can
only be done with their cooperation.
.Pp
Finally: the spoiling only happens when the write count goes from
zero to non-zero and the retasting only when the write count goes
zero to non-zero and the retasting happens only when the write count goes
from non-zero to zero.
.It Em INSERT/DELETE
are a very special operation which allows a new geom
are very special operations which allow a new geom
to be instantiated between a consumer and a provider attached to
each other and to remove it again.
.Pp
To understand the utility of this, imagine a provider with
To understand the utility of this, imagine a provider
being mounted as a file system.
Between the DEVFS geoms consumer and its provider we insert
Between the DEVFS geom's consumer and its provider we insert
a mirror module which configures itself with one mirror
copy and consequently is transparent to the I/O requests
on the path.
We can now configure yet a mirror copy on the mirror geom,
request a synchronization, and finally drop the first mirror
copy.
We have now in essence moved a mounted file system from one
We have now, in essence, moved a mounted file system from one
disk to another while it was being used.
At this point the mirror geom can be deleted from the path
again, it has served its purpose.
again; it has served its purpose.
.It Em CONFIGURE
is the process where the administrator issues instructions
for a particular class to instantiate itself.
There are multiple
ways to express intent in this case, a particular provider can be
specified with a level of override forcing for instance a BSD
ways to express intent in this case - a particular provider may be
specified with a level of override forcing, for instance, a BSD
disklabel module to attach to a provider which was not found palatable
during the TASTE operation.
.Pp
Finally I/O is the reason we even do this: it concerns itself with
Finally, I/O is the reason we even do this: it concerns itself with
sending I/O requests through the graph.
.It Em "I/O REQUESTS"
.It Em "I/O REQUESTS" ,
represented by
.Vt "struct bio" ,
originate at a consumer,
are scheduled on its attached provider, and when processed, returned
are scheduled on its attached provider and, when processed, are returned
to the consumer.
It is important to realize that the
.Vt "struct bio"