The .Nm utility

This commit is contained in:
Philippe Charnier 2002-07-06 19:19:48 +00:00
parent 4690560d06
commit 3f162cb85d
26 changed files with 195 additions and 130 deletions

View File

@ -26,11 +26,14 @@
.Op Fl d Ar level
.Ar server
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Bootpd
The
.Nm
utility
implements an Internet Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server as defined in
RFC951, RFC1532, and RFC1533.
.Nm Bootpgw
implements a simple BOOTP gateway which can be used to forward
The
.Nm bootpgw
utility implements a simple BOOTP gateway which can be used to forward
requests and responses between clients on one subnet and a
BOOTP server (i.e.\&
.Nm )

View File

@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
.Op Ar client\-name ...
.Ek
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
builds the
utility builds the
.Em "Extension Path"
files described by
.%T "RFC 1497"

View File

@ -15,8 +15,9 @@
.Ar server\-name
.Op Ar template\-file
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
sends BOOTP requests to the host specified as
utility sends BOOTP requests to the host specified as
.Ar server\-name
at one\-second intervals until either a response is received,
or until ten requests have gone unanswered.
@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ area of the request packet.
.Sh AUTHORS
The
.Nm
program is a combination of original and derived works.
utility is a combination of original and derived works.
The main program module
.Pq Pa bootptest.c
is original work by

View File

@ -41,11 +41,13 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Comsat
is the server process which receives reports of incoming mail
The
.Nm
utility is the server process which receives reports of incoming mail
and notifies users if they have requested this service.
.Nm Comsat
receives messages on a datagram port associated with the
The
.Nm
utility receives messages on a datagram port associated with the
.Dq biff
service
specification (see
@ -97,5 +99,5 @@ does not mess up the screen.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .

View File

@ -44,8 +44,9 @@
.Op Fl l
.Op Fl p Ar filename
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Fingerd
is a simple protocol based on
The
.Nm
utility is a simple protocol based on
.%T RFC1196
that provides an interface to the
Name and Finger programs at several network sites.
@ -56,8 +57,9 @@ There is no required format and the
protocol consists mostly of specifying a single
.Dq command line .
.Pp
.Nm Fingerd
is started by
The
.Nm
utility is started by
.Xr inetd 8 ,
which listens for
.Tn TCP
@ -67,13 +69,14 @@ terminated by a
.Aq Tn CRLF
which is passed to
.Xr finger 1 .
.Nm Fingerd
closes its connections as soon as the output is finished.
The
.Nm
utility closes its connections as soon as the output is finished.
.Pp
If the line is null (i.e. just a
.Aq Tn CRLF
is sent) then
.Xr finger
.Xr finger 1
returns a
.Dq default
report that lists all people logged into
@ -136,8 +139,9 @@ or an equally narrow-minded
user program can result
in meaningless attempts at option negotiation being sent to the
server, which will foul up the command line interpretation.
.Nm Fingerd
should be taught to filter out
The
.Nm
utility should be taught to filter out
.Tn IAC Ns \'s
and perhaps even respond
negatively
@ -146,5 +150,5 @@ to all option commands received.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.3 .

View File

@ -47,8 +47,9 @@
.Op Fl p Ar file
.Op Fl t Ar timeout
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Ftpd
is the
The
.Nm
utility is the
Internet File Transfer Protocol
server process. The server uses the
.Tn TCP
@ -281,16 +282,18 @@ STAT
command is received during a data transfer, preceded by a Telnet IP
and Synch, transfer status will be returned.
.Pp
.Nm Ftpd
interprets file names according to the
The
.Nm
utility interprets file names according to the
.Dq globbing
conventions used by
.Xr csh 1 .
This allows users to utilize the metacharacters
.Dq Li \&*?[]{}~ .
.Pp
.Nm Ftpd
authenticates users according to six rules.
The
.Nm
utility authenticates users according to six rules.
.Pp
.Bl -enum -offset indent
.It
@ -383,7 +386,7 @@ The files pwd.db (see
and
.Xr group 5
must be present for the
.Xr ls
.Xr ls 1
command to be able to produce owner names rather than numbers.
The password field in
.Xr passwd
@ -452,8 +455,9 @@ value is to be used.
As with any anonymous login configuration, due care must be given
to setup and maintenance to guard against security related problems.
.Pp
The
.Nm
has internal support for handling remote requests to list
utility has internal support for handling remote requests to list
files, and will not execute
.Pa /bin/ls
in either a chrooted or non-chrooted environment. The
@ -495,6 +499,6 @@ scrutinized, but are possibly incomplete.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .
IPv6 support was added in WIDE Hydrangea IPv6 stack kit.

View File

@ -47,8 +47,7 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
program
is called by
utility is called by
.Xr init 8
to open and initialize the tty line, read a login name, and invoke
.Xr login 1 .
@ -92,8 +91,7 @@ table.
.Pp
The
.Nm
program
can be set to timeout after some interval,
utility can be set to timeout after some interval,
which will cause dial up lines to hang up
if the login name is not entered reasonably quickly.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
@ -126,5 +124,5 @@ does not exist.
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm
program appeared in
utility appeared in
.At v6 .

View File

@ -41,8 +41,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Makekey
encrypts a key and salt which it reads from the standard input
The
.Nm
utility encrypts a key and salt which it reads from the standard input
and writes the result to the standard output.
The key is expected to be
eight bytes; the salt is expected to be two bytes.
@ -57,5 +58,5 @@ and how the encrypted value is calculated.
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.At v7 .

View File

@ -45,8 +45,9 @@
.Op Fl n Ar netid_file
.Op Fl d Ar domain
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Mknetid
processes the contents of the
The
.Nm
utility processes the contents of the
.Xr group 5 ,
.Xr passwd 5 ,
.Xr hosts 5
@ -61,12 +62,12 @@ and hosts in a operating system independent format.
.Pp
The
.Nm
command checks for duplicate occurrences of netids and filters
utility checks for duplicate occurrences of netids and filters
them out.
.Pp
The
.Nm
command prints its results on the standard output.
utility prints its results on the standard output.
It is usually called
only by
.Pa /var/yp/Makefile
@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ maps.
.Sh OPTIONS
The
.Nm
command supports the following options:
utility supports the following options:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl q
Normally,
@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ support is added to
.It Fl d Ar domain
By default, the
.Nm
command uses the system domainname when generating netid records.
utility uses the system domainname when generating netid records.
If
the system domainname is not set, the domain must be specified on the
command line with the

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
program listens to the given
utility listens to the given
.Ar interface
for PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) service request packets, and actions them
by negotiating a session then invoking a
@ -56,7 +56,9 @@ See
.Xr ng_pppoe 4
for details.
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility
will only offer services to clients requesting services from the given
.Ar provider ,
which is taken as an empty name if not provided.
@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ This may change in the future.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
program was written by
utility was written by
.An Brian Somers Aq brian@Awfulhak.org
and first appeared in
.Fx 3.4 .

View File

@ -112,8 +112,9 @@ Here is a sample configuration file:
.It "8::9:1:C6:75 SYSHPBSD,SYSHPUX # jaguar (either)
.El
.Pp
.Nm Rbootd
logs status and error messages via
The
.Nm
utility logs status and error messages via
.Xr syslog 3 .
A startup message is always logged, and in the case of fatal errors (or
deadly signals) a message is logged announcing the server's termination.

View File

@ -44,8 +44,9 @@
.Fl h
.Op Fl f Ar netgroup_file
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Revnetgroup
processes the contents of a file in
The
.Nm
utility processes the contents of a file in
.Xr netgroup 5
format into what is called
.Pa reverse netgroup
@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ to process very large netgroup databases.
.Pp
The
.Nm
command prints its results on the standard output. It is usually called
utility prints its results on the standard output. It is usually called
only by
.Pa /var/yp/Makefile
when rebuilding the
@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ netgroup maps.
.Sh OPTIONS
The
.Nm
command supports the following options:
utility supports the following options:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl u
Generate
@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ flags must be specified.)
.It Op Fl f Ar netgroup_file
The
.Nm
command uses
utility uses
.Pa /etc/netgroup
as its default input file. The
.Fl f

View File

@ -42,15 +42,17 @@
.Nm
.Op Fl i
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rexecd
is the server for the
The
.Nm
utility is the server for the
.Xr rexec 3
routine. The server provides remote execution facilities
with authentication based on user names and
passwords.
.Pp
.Nm Rexecd
listens for service requests at the port indicated in
The
.Nm
utility listens for service requests at the port indicated in
the ``exec'' service specification; see
.Xr services 5 .
When a service request is received the following protocol
@ -83,8 +85,9 @@ shell is retrieved on the initial socket. The length of
the command is limited by the upper bound on the size of
the system's argument list.
.It
.Nm Rexecd
then validates the user as is done at login time
The
.Nm
utility then validates the user as is done at login time
and, if the authentication was successful, changes
to the user's home directory, and establishes the user
and group protections of the user.
@ -99,8 +102,9 @@ by
.Nm .
.El
.Sh CAVEATS
.Nm Rexecd
will not allow root logins unless the
The
.Nm
utility will not allow root logins unless the
.Fl i
option is given on the command line (typically in
.Pa /etc/inetd.conf ) .
@ -109,8 +113,9 @@ It will also disallow access for users listed in
or users with no passwords, which were all serious security holes.
The entire concept of rexec/rexecd is a major security hole and an example
of how not to do things.
.Nm Rexecd
is disabled by default in
The
.Nm
utility is disabled by default in
.Pa /etc/inetd.conf .
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
Except for the last one listed below,
@ -156,5 +161,5 @@ present.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .

View File

@ -42,8 +42,9 @@
.Nm
.Op Fl Daln
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rlogind
is the server for the
The
.Nm
utility is the server for the
.Xr rlogin 1
program. The server provides a remote login facility
with authentication based on privileged port numbers from trusted hosts.
@ -80,8 +81,9 @@ and
utilization, but provides increased security.
.El
.Pp
.Nm Rlogind
listens for service requests at the port indicated in
The
.Nm
utility listens for service requests at the port indicated in
the
.Dq login
service specification; see
@ -200,7 +202,7 @@ A more extensible protocol should be used.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .
.Pp
IPv6 support was added by WIDE/KAME project.

View File

@ -38,19 +38,23 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm /usr/libexec/rpc.rquotad
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rpc.rquotad
is a
The
.Nm
utility is a
.Xr rpc 3
server which returns quotas for a user of a local filesystem
which is NFS-mounted onto a remote machine.
.Xr Quota 1
uses the results to display user quotas for remote filesystems.
.Nm Rpc.rquotad
is normally invoked by
The
.Xr quota 1
utility uses the results to display user quotas for remote filesystems.
The
.Nm
utility is normally invoked by
.Xr inetd 8 .
.Pp
.Nm Rpc.rquotad
uses an
The
.Nm
utility uses an
.Tn RPC
protocol defined in
.Pa /usr/include/rpcsvc/rquota.x .

View File

@ -42,7 +42,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm /usr/libexec/rpc.rstatd
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rpc.rstatd
The
.Nm
utility
is a server which returns performance statistics obtained from the kernel.
These statistics are read using the
.Xr rup 1
@ -52,8 +54,9 @@ The
daemon is normally invoked by
.Xr inetd 8 .
.Pp
.Nm Rpc.rstatd
uses an
The
.Nm
utility uses an
.Tn RPC
protocol defined in
.Pa /usr/include/rpcsvc/rstat.x .

View File

@ -42,8 +42,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm /usr/libexec/rpc.rusersd
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rpc.rusersd
is a server which returns information about users
The
.Nm
utility is a server which returns information about users
currently logged in to the system.
.Pp
The currently logged in users are queried using the
@ -54,8 +55,9 @@ The
daemon is normally invoked by
.Xr inetd 8 .
.Pp
.Nm Rpc.rusersd
uses an
The
.Nm
utility uses an
.Tn RPC
protocol defined in
.Pa /usr/include/rpcsvc/rnusers.x .

View File

@ -43,8 +43,9 @@
.Nm /usr/libexec/rpc.rwalld
.Op Fl n
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rpc.rwalld
is a server which will send a message to users
The
.Nm
utility is a server which will send a message to users
currently logged in to the system. This server
invokes the
.Xr wall 1
@ -68,8 +69,9 @@ The
daemon is normally invoked by
.Xr inetd 8 .
.Pp
.Nm Rpc.rwalld
uses an
The
.Nm
utility uses an
.Tn RPC
protocol defined in
.Pa /usr/include/rpcsvc/rwall.x .

View File

@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm /usr/libexec/rpc.sprayd
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Rpc.sprayd
The
.Nm
utility
is a server which records packets sent by the
.Xr spray 8
command and sends a traffic report to the originator of the packets.
@ -47,8 +49,9 @@ The
daemon is normally invoked by
.Xr inetd 8 .
.Pp
.Nm Rpc.sprayd
uses an
The
.Nm
utility uses an
.Tn RPC
protocol defined in
.Pa /usr/include/rpcsvc/spray.x .

View File

@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
server
utility
is the server for the
.Xr rcmd 3
routine and, consequently, for the
@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ with authentication based on privileged port numbers from trusted hosts.
.Pp
The
.Nm
server
listens for service requests at the port indicated in
utility listens for service requests at the port indicated in
the
.Dq cmd
service specification; see
@ -111,8 +110,9 @@ shell is retrieved on the initial socket. The length of
the command is limited by the upper bound on the size of
the system's argument list.
.It
.Nm Rshd
then validates the user using
The
.Nm
utility then validates the user using
.Xr ruserok 3 ,
which uses the file
.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv

View File

@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
.Nm rtld
.Nd run-time link-editor
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
is a self-contained shared object providing run-time
utility is a self-contained shared object providing run-time
support for loading and link-editing shared objects into a process'
address space.
It is also commonly known as the dynamic linker.
@ -56,8 +57,9 @@ to be called on a per-object basis, giving a shared object an opportunity
to perform any extra set-up before execution of the program proper begins.
This is useful for C++ libraries that contain static constructors.
.Pp
The
.Nm
itself is loaded by the kernel together with any dynamically-linked
utility itself is loaded by the kernel together with any dynamically-linked
program that is to be executed.
The kernel transfers control to the
dynamic linker.
@ -73,7 +75,9 @@ file prepared by the
.Xr ldconfig 8
utility.
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility
recognizes a number of environment variables that can be used to modify
its behaviour as follows:
.Pp

View File

@ -41,7 +41,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Talkd
The
.Nm
utility
is the server that notifies a user that someone else wants to
initiate a conversation.
It acts as a repository of invitations, responding to requests
@ -74,5 +76,5 @@ stream connection through which the conversation takes place.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.3 .

View File

@ -54,13 +54,14 @@ protocol server
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
command is a server which supports the
utility is a server which supports the
.Tn DARPA
standard
.Tn TELNET
virtual terminal protocol.
.Nm Telnetd
is normally invoked by the internet server (see
The
.Nm
utility is normally invoked by the internet server (see
.Xr inetd 8 )
for requests to connect to the
.Tn TELNET
@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ port number.
.Pp
The
.Nm
command accepts the following options:
utility accepts the following options:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl a Ar authmode
This option may be used for specifying what mode should
@ -279,8 +280,9 @@ a specific authentication type without having to recompile
.Nm .
.El
.Pp
.Nm Telnetd
operates by allocating a pseudo-terminal device (see
The
.Nm
utility operates by allocating a pseudo-terminal device (see
.Xr pty 4 )
for a client, then creating a login process which has
the slave side of the pseudo-terminal as
@ -288,8 +290,9 @@ the slave side of the pseudo-terminal as
.Dv stdout
and
.Dv stderr .
.Nm Telnetd
manipulates the master side of the pseudo-terminal,
The
.Nm
utility manipulates the master side of the pseudo-terminal,
implementing the
.Tn TELNET
protocol and passing characters
@ -332,8 +335,9 @@ mode, and with
enabled (see
.Xr tty 4 ) .
.Pp
.Nm Telnetd
has support for enabling locally the following
The
.Nm
utility has support for enabling locally the following
.Tn TELNET
options:
.Bl -tag -width "DO AUTHENTICATION"
@ -393,8 +397,9 @@ indicates a willingness to decrypt
the data stream.
.El
.Pp
.Nm Telnetd
has support for enabling remotely the following
The
.Nm
utility has support for enabling remotely the following
.Tn TELNET
options:
.Bl -tag -width "DO AUTHENTICATION"
@ -578,8 +583,9 @@ has no common interpretation except between similar operating systems
The terminal type name received from the remote client is converted to
lower case.
.Pp
.Nm Telnetd
never sends
The
.Nm
utility never sends
.Tn TELNET
.Dv IAC GA
(go ahead) commands.

View File

@ -45,8 +45,9 @@
.Op Fl u Ar user
.Op Ar directory ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Tftpd
is a server which supports the
The
.Nm
utility is a server which supports the
Internet Trivial File Transfer
Protocol
.Pq Tn RFC 1350 .
@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ The user must be specified by name, not a numeric UID.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.2 ;
the
.Fl s

View File

@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm /usr/libexec/xtend
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Xtend
The
.Nm
utility
interfaces between user-level programs and the TW523 X-10 controller.
It logs all packets received from the TW523, attempts to track the
status of all X-10 devices, and accepts socket connections from user-level
@ -51,8 +53,9 @@ its log file, where it subsequently records all X-10 activity and
diagnostic messages. It then begins processing packets received from
the TW523 and accepting connections one at a time from clients
wishing to issue X-10 commands.
.Nm Xtend
is started from
The
.Nm
utility is started from
.Pa /etc/rc.i386
startup script if enabled in
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
@ -76,13 +79,16 @@ causes
.Nm
to abort the current client connection.
.Pp
.Nm Xtend
The
.Nm
utility
communicates with client processes by a simple protocol in which a one-line
command is sent by the client, and is acknowledged by a one-line response
from the daemon.
.Pp
.Nm Xtend
understands four types of commands:
The
.Nm
utility understands four types of commands:
.Bl -tag -width "monitor H U
.It Ic status Ar H U
where
@ -133,7 +139,9 @@ is returned if the maximum (currently 5) number of such clients was not
exceeded, otherwise
.Sy ERROR
is returned.
.Nm Xtend
The
.Nm
utility
then returns to its normal mode of accepting connections from clients.
However, each subsequent change in the status of the specified device will
cause
@ -170,7 +178,9 @@ dump of device status
There is currently no timeout on client socket connections, so a hung
client program can prevent other clients from accessing the daemon.
.Pp
.Nm Xtend
The
.Nm
utility
does the best it can at trying to track device status, but there is
usually no way it can tell when a device has been operated manually.
This is due to the fact that most X-10 devices are not able to

View File

@ -47,8 +47,9 @@
.Op Fl C Ar taskid program-number ipaddr port
.Ar mapname
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Ypxfr
copies an
The
.Nm
utility copies an
.Tn NIS
database (or
.Pa map )
@ -63,8 +64,9 @@ is generally invoked by
.Xr ypserv 8
when it receives a map transfer request from
.Xr yppush 8 .
.Nm Ypxfr
is used primarily in environments where several
The
.Nm
utility is used primarily in environments where several
.Tn NIS
servers are in use in a single domain. One server, the
.Tn NIS
@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ transfer method, particularly for very large
.Tn NIS
maps. The
.Nm
command will check to see if the
utility will check to see if the
.Xr rpc.ypxfrd 8
server is registered on the
.Tn NIS