Another merging from sbin/fdisk/fdisk.8.
PR: 109929 Submitted by: Alex Kozlov
This commit is contained in:
Yoshihiro Takahashi
parent
eb173edb43
commit
a1d83124ce
@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
|
||||
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.Dd February 26, 2006
|
||||
.Dd April 30, 2007
|
||||
.Dt FDISK 8
|
||||
.Os
|
||||
.Sh NAME
|
||||
.Nm fdisk
|
||||
.Nd NEC PC-98x1 partition table maintenance program
|
||||
.Nd NEC PC-98x1 slice table maintenance utility
|
||||
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
.Op Fl BIaistuv
|
||||
.Op Fl b Ar bootcode
|
||||
.Op Fl 12345678
|
||||
.Op Ar disk
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
@ -20,23 +19,23 @@
|
||||
In order for the BIOS to boot the kernel,
|
||||
certain conventions must be adhered to.
|
||||
Sector 0 of the disk must contain boot code,
|
||||
a partition table,
|
||||
a slice table,
|
||||
and a magic number.
|
||||
BIOS partitions can be used to break the disk up into several pieces.
|
||||
BIOS slices can be used to break the disk up into several pieces.
|
||||
The BIOS brings in sector 0 and verifies the magic number.
|
||||
The sector
|
||||
0 boot code then searches the partition table to determine which
|
||||
partition is marked
|
||||
0 boot code then searches the slice table to determine which
|
||||
slice is marked
|
||||
.Dq active .
|
||||
This boot code then brings in the bootstrap from the
|
||||
active partition and, if marked bootable, runs it.
|
||||
active slice and, if marked bootable, runs it.
|
||||
Under
|
||||
.Tn DOS ,
|
||||
you can have one or more partitions with one active.
|
||||
you can have one or more slices with one active.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Tn DOS
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility can be used to divide space on the disk into partitions and set one
|
||||
utility can be used to divide space on the disk into slices and set one
|
||||
active.
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
@ -47,16 +46,16 @@ serves a similar purpose to the
|
||||
.Tn DOS
|
||||
utility.
|
||||
The first form is used to
|
||||
display partition information or to interactively edit the partition
|
||||
display slice information or to interactively edit the slice
|
||||
table.
|
||||
The second is used to write a partition table using a
|
||||
The second is used to write a slice table using a
|
||||
.Ar configfile ,
|
||||
and is designed to be used by other scripts/programs.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Options are:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
||||
.It Fl a
|
||||
Change the active partition only.
|
||||
Change the active slice only.
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
@ -66,13 +65,13 @@ Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.It Fl f Ar configfile
|
||||
Set partition values using the file
|
||||
Set slice values using the file
|
||||
.Ar configfile .
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Ar configfile
|
||||
always modifies existing partitions, unless
|
||||
always modifies existing slices, unless
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
is also given, in which case all existing partitions are deleted (marked
|
||||
is also given, in which case all existing slices are deleted (marked
|
||||
as
|
||||
.Dq unused )
|
||||
before the
|
||||
@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ below, for file syntax.
|
||||
.Em WARNING :
|
||||
when
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is used, you are not asked if you really want to write the partitions
|
||||
is used, you are not asked if you really want to write the slices
|
||||
table (as you are in the interactive mode).
|
||||
Use with caution!
|
||||
.It Fl i
|
||||
@ -101,36 +100,36 @@ unless
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.It Fl I
|
||||
Initialize the partition table
|
||||
Initialize sector 0 slice table
|
||||
for one
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
slice covering the entire disk.
|
||||
Some space at the start of the disk will reserved for the IPL program
|
||||
and the pc98 partition table itself.
|
||||
and the pc98 slice table itself.
|
||||
.It Fl s
|
||||
Print summary information and exit.
|
||||
.It Fl t
|
||||
Test mode; do not write partition values.
|
||||
Test mode; do not write slice values.
|
||||
Generally used with the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option to see what would be written to the partition table.
|
||||
option to see what would be written to the slice table.
|
||||
Implies
|
||||
.Fl v .
|
||||
.It Fl u
|
||||
Update (edit) the disk's partition table.
|
||||
Update (edit) the disk's sector 0 slice table.
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.It Fl v
|
||||
Be verbose.
|
||||
Partitions that are unused are suppressed unless this flag is specified.
|
||||
Slices that are unused are suppressed unless this flag is specified.
|
||||
When
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is used,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
prints out the partition table that is written to the disk.
|
||||
prints out the slice table that is written to the disk.
|
||||
.It Fl 12345678
|
||||
Operate on a single partition table entry only.
|
||||
Operate on a single slice table entry only.
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
@ -146,7 +145,7 @@ If omitted,
|
||||
tries to figure out the default disk device name from the
|
||||
mounted root device.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
When called with no arguments, it prints the partition table.
|
||||
When called with no arguments, it prints the sector 0 slice table.
|
||||
An example follows:
|
||||
.Bd -literal
|
||||
******* Working on device /dev/da0 *******
|
||||
@ -201,12 +200,12 @@ An example follows:
|
||||
<UNUSED>
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The disk is divided into three partitions that happen to fill the disk.
|
||||
The second partition overlaps the end of the first.
|
||||
The disk is divided into three slices that happen to fill the disk.
|
||||
The second slice overlaps the end of the first.
|
||||
(Used for debugging purposes.)
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width ".Em cyl , sector No and Em head"
|
||||
.It Em sysmid
|
||||
is used to label the partition.
|
||||
is used to label the slice.
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
reserves the
|
||||
magic number 148 decimal (94 in hex).
|
||||
@ -216,15 +215,15 @@ and
|
||||
.Em size
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
fields provide the start address
|
||||
and size of a partition in sectors.
|
||||
and size of a slice in sectors.
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
.Em cyl , sector
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Em head
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
fields are used to specify the beginning and end addresses of the partition.
|
||||
fields are used to specify the beginning and end addresses of the slice.
|
||||
.It Em "system Name"
|
||||
is the name of the partition.
|
||||
is the name of the slice.
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Em Note :
|
||||
@ -235,7 +234,7 @@ The
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fl u
|
||||
flags are used to indicate that the partition data is to be updated.
|
||||
flags are used to indicate that the slice data is to be updated.
|
||||
Unless the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option is also given,
|
||||
@ -247,12 +246,12 @@ to.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility will display each partition and ask whether you want to edit it.
|
||||
utility will display each slice and ask whether you want to edit it.
|
||||
If you say yes,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
will step through each field, show you the old value,
|
||||
and ask you for a new one.
|
||||
When you are done with the partition,
|
||||
When you are done with the slice,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
will display it and ask you whether it is correct.
|
||||
It will then proceed to the next entry.
|
||||
@ -265,10 +264,10 @@ fields correct is tricky, so by default,
|
||||
they will be calculated for you;
|
||||
you can specify them if you choose to though.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
After all the partitions are processed,
|
||||
After all the slices are processed,
|
||||
you are given the option to change the
|
||||
.Dq active
|
||||
partition.
|
||||
slice.
|
||||
Finally, when all the new data for sector 0 has been accumulated,
|
||||
you are asked to confirm whether you really want to rewrite it.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
@ -279,13 +278,13 @@ and
|
||||
flags is that
|
||||
the
|
||||
.Fl u
|
||||
flag edits (updates) the existing partition parameters
|
||||
flag edits (updates) the existing slice parameters
|
||||
while the
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
flag is used to
|
||||
.Dq initialize
|
||||
them (old values will be ignored);
|
||||
it will setup the last BIOS partition to use the whole disk for
|
||||
it will setup the last BIOS slice to use the whole disk for
|
||||
.Fx ;
|
||||
and make it active.
|
||||
.Sh NOTES
|
||||
@ -302,10 +301,10 @@ that use geometry translation under the BIOS.
|
||||
If you hand craft your disk layout,
|
||||
please make sure that the
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partition starts on a cylinder boundary.
|
||||
slice starts on a cylinder boundary.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Editing an existing partition will most likely result in the loss of
|
||||
all data in that partition.
|
||||
Editing an existing slice will most likely result in the loss of
|
||||
all data in that slice.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
You should run
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
@ -318,7 +317,7 @@ detects that are not fully explained in this manual page.
|
||||
.Sh CONFIGURATION FILE
|
||||
When the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option is given, a disk's partition table can be written using values
|
||||
option is given, a disk's slice table can be written using values
|
||||
from a
|
||||
.Ar configfile .
|
||||
The syntax of this file is very simple;
|
||||
@ -347,7 +346,7 @@ Set the number of sectors/track to
|
||||
These specs can occur in any order, as the leading letter determines
|
||||
which value is which; however, all three must be specified.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
This line must occur before any lines that specify partition
|
||||
This line must occur before any lines that specify slice
|
||||
information.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
It is an error if the following is not true:
|
||||
@ -361,11 +360,11 @@ The number of cylinders should be less than or equal to 1024, but this
|
||||
is not enforced, although a warning will be printed.
|
||||
Note that bootable
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partitions (the
|
||||
slices (the
|
||||
.Dq Pa /
|
||||
file system) must lie completely within the
|
||||
first 1024 cylinders; if this is not true, booting may fail.
|
||||
Non-bootable partitions do not have this restriction.
|
||||
Non-bootable slices do not have this restriction.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example (all of these are equivalent), for a disk with 1019 cylinders,
|
||||
39 heads, and 63 sectors:
|
||||
@ -374,9 +373,9 @@ g c1019 h39 s63
|
||||
g h39 c1019 s63
|
||||
g s63 h39 c1019
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.It Ic p Ar partition type start length
|
||||
Set the partition given by
|
||||
.Ar partition
|
||||
.It Ic p Ar slice type start length
|
||||
Set the slice given by
|
||||
.Ar slice
|
||||
(1-8) to type
|
||||
.Ar type ,
|
||||
starting at sector
|
||||
@ -385,32 +384,32 @@ for
|
||||
.Ar length
|
||||
sectors.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Only those partitions explicitly mentioned by these lines are modified;
|
||||
any partition not referenced by a
|
||||
Only those slices explicitly mentioned by these lines are modified;
|
||||
any slice not referenced by a
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
line will not be modified.
|
||||
However, if an invalid partition table is present, or the
|
||||
However, if an invalid slice table is present, or the
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
option is specified, all existing partition entries will be cleared
|
||||
option is specified, all existing slice entries will be cleared
|
||||
(marked as unused), and these
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
lines will have to be used to
|
||||
explicitly set partition information.
|
||||
If multiple partitions need to be
|
||||
explicitly set slice information.
|
||||
If multiple slices need to be
|
||||
set, multiple
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
lines must be specified; one for each partition.
|
||||
lines must be specified; one for each slice.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
These partition lines must occur after any geometry specification lines,
|
||||
These slice lines must occur after any geometry specification lines,
|
||||
if one is present.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Ar type
|
||||
is 165 for
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partitions.
|
||||
Specifying a partition type of zero is
|
||||
the same as clearing the partition and marking it as unused; however,
|
||||
slices.
|
||||
Specifying a slice type of zero is
|
||||
the same as clearing the slice and marking it as unused; however,
|
||||
dummy values (such as
|
||||
.Dq 0 )
|
||||
must still be specified for
|
||||
@ -422,25 +421,25 @@ Note: the start offset will be rounded upwards to a head boundary if
|
||||
necessary, and the end offset will be rounded downwards to a cylinder
|
||||
boundary if necessary.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example: to clear partition 4 and mark it as unused:
|
||||
Example: to clear slice 4 and mark it as unused:
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dl "p 4 0 0 0"
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example: to set partition 1 to a
|
||||
Example: to set slice 1 to a
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partition, starting at sector 1
|
||||
slice, starting at sector 1
|
||||
for 2503871 sectors (note: these numbers will be rounded upwards and
|
||||
downwards to correspond to head and cylinder boundaries):
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dl "p 1 165 1 2503871"
|
||||
.It Ic a Ar partition
|
||||
.It Ic a Ar slice
|
||||
Make
|
||||
.Ar partition
|
||||
the active partition.
|
||||
.Ar slice
|
||||
the active slice.
|
||||
Can occur anywhere in the config file, but only
|
||||
one must be present.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example: to make partition 1 the active partition:
|
||||
Example: to make slice 1 the active slice:
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dl "a 1"
|
||||
.El
|
||||
@ -449,13 +448,21 @@ Example: to make partition 1 the active partition:
|
||||
.Xr bsdlabel 8 ,
|
||||
.Xr newfs 8
|
||||
.Sh BUGS
|
||||
The default boot code will not necessarily handle all partition types
|
||||
The default boot code will not necessarily handle all slice types
|
||||
correctly, in particular those introduced since
|
||||
.Tn MS-DOS
|
||||
6.x.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The entire utility should be made more user-friendly.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Most users new to
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
do not understand the difference between
|
||||
.Dq slice
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Dq partition ,
|
||||
causing difficulty to adjust.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
You cannot use this command to completely dedicate a disk to
|
||||
.Fx .
|
||||
The
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user