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awk: Add more details top the FS variable

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The current description of the FS is true, but only part of the
truth. Add information about single characters and note that FS="" is
undefined by the standard, though the two other awk implenetations (mawk
and gawk) also have this interpretation.

PR:		226112
Sponsored by:	Netflix
This commit is contained in:
Warner Losh 2021-07-19 20:10:22 -06:00
parent 7685f8344d
commit b891aedcdd
1 changed files with 19 additions and 2 deletions
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21
usr.bin/awk/awk.1
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@ -131,8 +131,9 @@ and newlines are used as field separators
This is convenient when working with multi-line records.
.Pp
An input line is normally made up of fields separated by whitespace,
or by the regular expression
.Va FS .
or by the extended regular expression
.Va FS
as described below.
The fields are denoted
.Va $1 , $2 , ... ,
while
@ -141,6 +142,22 @@ refers to the entire line.
If
.Va FS
is null, the input line is split into one field per character.
While both gawk and mawk have the same behavior, it is unspecified in the
.St -p1003.1-2008
standard.
If
.Va FS
is a single space, then leading and trailing blank and newline characters are
skipped.
Fields are delimited by one or more blank or newline characters.
A blank character is a space or a tab.
If
.Va FS
is a single character, other than space, fields are delimited by each single
occurrence of that character.
The
.Va FS
variable defaults to a single space.
.Pp
Normally, any number of blanks separate fields.
In order to set the field separator to a single blank, use the