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Added octave-tracking.

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Added the slur-mark feature.
Name of ioctl's include sys/spkr.h changed to machine/speaker.h
This commit is contained in:
Andrey A. Chernov 1993-11-09 02:38:17 +00:00
parent e614aa8a3b
commit bde1866a63
2 changed files with 56 additions and 20 deletions
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38
share/man/man4/man4.i386/spkr.4
View File

@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
.Dd November 7, 1993
.TH SPKR 4 .TH SPKR 4
.Os FreeBSD
.SH NAME .SH NAME
spkr \- console speaker device driver .Nm spkr
.Nd console speaker device driver
.SH DESCRIPTION .SH DESCRIPTION
The speaker device driver allows applications to control the PC console The speaker device driver allows applications to control the PC console
speaker on an IBM-PC-compatible machine running UNIX. speaker on an IBM-PC-compatible machine running UNIX.
@ -18,7 +21,7 @@ tones. Other processes may emit beeps while the driver is running.
.PP .PP
Applications may call ioctl() on a speaker file descriptor to control the Applications may call ioctl() on a speaker file descriptor to control the
speaker driver directly; definitions for the ioctl() interface are in speaker driver directly; definitions for the ioctl() interface are in
sys/spkr.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields, machine/speaker.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields,
specifying a frequency (in hz) and a duration (in 1/100ths of a second). specifying a frequency (in hz) and a duration (in 1/100ths of a second).
A frequency of zero is interpreted as a rest. A frequency of zero is interpreted as a rest.
.PP .PP
@ -30,7 +33,8 @@ a zero duration.
.PP .PP
The play-string language is modelled on the PLAY statement conventions of The play-string language is modelled on the PLAY statement conventions of
IBM BASIC 2.0. The MB, MF and X primitives of PLAY are not useful in a UNIX IBM BASIC 2.0. The MB, MF and X primitives of PLAY are not useful in a UNIX
environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature is also new. environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature and the slur
mark are new.
.PP .PP
There are 84 accessible notes numbered 1-83 in 7 octaves, each running from There are 84 accessible notes numbered 1-83 in 7 octaves, each running from
C to B, numbered 0-6; the scale is equal-tempered A440 and octave 3 starts C to B, numbered 0-6; the scale is equal-tempered A440 and octave 3 starts
@ -45,25 +49,26 @@ current octave. A note letter may optionally be followed by an \fIaccidental
sign\fR, one of # + or -; the first two of these cause it to be sharped one sign\fR, one of # + or -; the first two of these cause it to be sharped one
half-tone, the last causes it to be flatted one half-tone. It may also be half-tone, the last causes it to be flatted one half-tone. It may also be
followed by a time value number and by sustain dots (see below). Time values followed by a time value number and by sustain dots (see below). Time values
are interpreted as for the L command below;. are interpreted as for the L command below.
.PP .PP
O <n> -- if <n> is numeric, this sets the current octave. <n> may also be one O <n> -- if <n> is numeric, this sets the current octave. <n> may also be one
of 'L' or 'N' to enable or disable octave-tracking (it is disabled by default). of 'L' or 'N' to enable or disable octave-tracking (it is disabled by default).
When octave-tracking is on, interpretation of a pair of letter notes will When octave-tracking is on, interpretation of a pair of letter notes will
change octaves if necessary in order to make the smallest possible jump between change octaves if necessary in order to make the smallest possible jump between
notes. Thus "olbc" will be played as "olb>c", and "olcb" as "olc<b". Octave notes. Thus "olbc" will be played as "olb>c", and "olcb" as "olc<b". Octave
locking is disabled for one letter note following by >, < and O[0123456]. locking is disabled for one letter note following >, < and O[0123456].
(The octave-locking feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.)
.PP .PP
> -- bump the current octave up one. > -- bump the current octave up one.
.PP .PP
< -- drop the current octave down one. < -- drop the current octave down one.
.PP .PP
N <n> -- play note n, n being 1 to 84 or 0 for a rest of current time value. N <n> -- play note n, n being 1 to 84 or 0 for a rest of current time value.
May be followedv by sustain dots. May be followed by sustain dots.
.PP .PP
L <n> -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter L <n> -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter or
notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted. L1 sets crotchet notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted.
whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc.. L1 sets whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc..
.PP .PP
P <n> -- pause (rest), with <n> interpreted as for L. May be followed by P <n> -- pause (rest), with <n> interpreted as for L. May be followed by
sustain dots. May also be written '~'. sustain dots. May also be written '~'.
@ -101,6 +106,10 @@ sustain dots. Each dot causes the note's value to be lengthened by one-half
for each one. Thus, a note dotted once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; for each one. Thus, a note dotted once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value;
dotted twice, it is held 9/4, and three times would give 27/8. dotted twice, it is held 9/4, and three times would give 27/8.
.PP .PP
A note and its sustain dots may also be followed by a slur mark (underscore).
This causes the normal micro-rest after the note to be filled in, slurring it
to the next one. (The slur feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.)
.PP
Whitespace in play strings is simply skipped and may be used to separate Whitespace in play strings is simply skipped and may be used to separate
melody sections. melody sections.
.SH BUGS .SH BUGS
@ -108,10 +117,19 @@ Due to roundoff in the pitch tables and slop in the tone-generation and timer
hardware (neither of which was designed for precision), neither pitch accuracy hardware (neither of which was designed for precision), neither pitch accuracy
nor timings will be mathematically exact. There is no volume control. nor timings will be mathematically exact. There is no volume control.
.PP .PP
The action of two or more sustain dots does not reflect standard musical
notation, in which each dot adds half the value of the previous dot
modifier, not half the value of the note as modified. Thus, a note dotted
once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; dotted twice, it is held 7/4,
and three times would give 15/8. The multiply-by-3/2 interpretation,
however, is specified in the IBM BASIC manual and has been retained for
compatibility.
.PP
In play strings which are very long (longer than your system's physical I/O In play strings which are very long (longer than your system's physical I/O
blocks) note suffixes or numbers may occasionally be parsed incorrectly due blocks) note suffixes or numbers may occasionally be parsed incorrectly due
to crossing a block boundary. to crossing a block boundary.
.SH FILES .SH FILES
/dev/speaker -- speaker device file /dev/speaker -- speaker device file
.SH AUTHOR .SH AUTHOR
Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Feb 1990 Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com) June 1990
FreeBSD port -- Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>

38
share/man/man4/spkr.4
View File

@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
.Dd November 7, 1993
.TH SPKR 4 .TH SPKR 4
.Os FreeBSD
.SH NAME .SH NAME
spkr \- console speaker device driver .Nm spkr
.Nd console speaker device driver
.SH DESCRIPTION .SH DESCRIPTION
The speaker device driver allows applications to control the PC console The speaker device driver allows applications to control the PC console
speaker on an IBM-PC-compatible machine running UNIX. speaker on an IBM-PC-compatible machine running UNIX.
@ -18,7 +21,7 @@ tones. Other processes may emit beeps while the driver is running.
.PP .PP
Applications may call ioctl() on a speaker file descriptor to control the Applications may call ioctl() on a speaker file descriptor to control the
speaker driver directly; definitions for the ioctl() interface are in speaker driver directly; definitions for the ioctl() interface are in
sys/spkr.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields, machine/speaker.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields,
specifying a frequency (in hz) and a duration (in 1/100ths of a second). specifying a frequency (in hz) and a duration (in 1/100ths of a second).
A frequency of zero is interpreted as a rest. A frequency of zero is interpreted as a rest.
.PP .PP
@ -30,7 +33,8 @@ a zero duration.
.PP .PP
The play-string language is modelled on the PLAY statement conventions of The play-string language is modelled on the PLAY statement conventions of
IBM BASIC 2.0. The MB, MF and X primitives of PLAY are not useful in a UNIX IBM BASIC 2.0. The MB, MF and X primitives of PLAY are not useful in a UNIX
environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature is also new. environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature and the slur
mark are new.
.PP .PP
There are 84 accessible notes numbered 1-83 in 7 octaves, each running from There are 84 accessible notes numbered 1-83 in 7 octaves, each running from
C to B, numbered 0-6; the scale is equal-tempered A440 and octave 3 starts C to B, numbered 0-6; the scale is equal-tempered A440 and octave 3 starts
@ -45,25 +49,26 @@ current octave. A note letter may optionally be followed by an \fIaccidental
sign\fR, one of # + or -; the first two of these cause it to be sharped one sign\fR, one of # + or -; the first two of these cause it to be sharped one
half-tone, the last causes it to be flatted one half-tone. It may also be half-tone, the last causes it to be flatted one half-tone. It may also be
followed by a time value number and by sustain dots (see below). Time values followed by a time value number and by sustain dots (see below). Time values
are interpreted as for the L command below;. are interpreted as for the L command below.
.PP .PP
O <n> -- if <n> is numeric, this sets the current octave. <n> may also be one O <n> -- if <n> is numeric, this sets the current octave. <n> may also be one
of 'L' or 'N' to enable or disable octave-tracking (it is disabled by default). of 'L' or 'N' to enable or disable octave-tracking (it is disabled by default).
When octave-tracking is on, interpretation of a pair of letter notes will When octave-tracking is on, interpretation of a pair of letter notes will
change octaves if necessary in order to make the smallest possible jump between change octaves if necessary in order to make the smallest possible jump between
notes. Thus "olbc" will be played as "olb>c", and "olcb" as "olc<b". Octave notes. Thus "olbc" will be played as "olb>c", and "olcb" as "olc<b". Octave
locking is disabled for one letter note following by >, < and O[0123456]. locking is disabled for one letter note following >, < and O[0123456].
(The octave-locking feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.)
.PP .PP
> -- bump the current octave up one. > -- bump the current octave up one.
.PP .PP
< -- drop the current octave down one. < -- drop the current octave down one.
.PP .PP
N <n> -- play note n, n being 1 to 84 or 0 for a rest of current time value. N <n> -- play note n, n being 1 to 84 or 0 for a rest of current time value.
May be followedv by sustain dots. May be followed by sustain dots.
.PP .PP
L <n> -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter L <n> -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter or
notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted. L1 sets crotchet notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted.
whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc.. L1 sets whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc..
.PP .PP
P <n> -- pause (rest), with <n> interpreted as for L. May be followed by P <n> -- pause (rest), with <n> interpreted as for L. May be followed by
sustain dots. May also be written '~'. sustain dots. May also be written '~'.
@ -101,6 +106,10 @@ sustain dots. Each dot causes the note's value to be lengthened by one-half
for each one. Thus, a note dotted once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; for each one. Thus, a note dotted once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value;
dotted twice, it is held 9/4, and three times would give 27/8. dotted twice, it is held 9/4, and three times would give 27/8.
.PP .PP
A note and its sustain dots may also be followed by a slur mark (underscore).
This causes the normal micro-rest after the note to be filled in, slurring it
to the next one. (The slur feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.)
.PP
Whitespace in play strings is simply skipped and may be used to separate Whitespace in play strings is simply skipped and may be used to separate
melody sections. melody sections.
.SH BUGS .SH BUGS
@ -108,10 +117,19 @@ Due to roundoff in the pitch tables and slop in the tone-generation and timer
hardware (neither of which was designed for precision), neither pitch accuracy hardware (neither of which was designed for precision), neither pitch accuracy
nor timings will be mathematically exact. There is no volume control. nor timings will be mathematically exact. There is no volume control.
.PP .PP
The action of two or more sustain dots does not reflect standard musical
notation, in which each dot adds half the value of the previous dot
modifier, not half the value of the note as modified. Thus, a note dotted
once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; dotted twice, it is held 7/4,
and three times would give 15/8. The multiply-by-3/2 interpretation,
however, is specified in the IBM BASIC manual and has been retained for
compatibility.
.PP
In play strings which are very long (longer than your system's physical I/O In play strings which are very long (longer than your system's physical I/O
blocks) note suffixes or numbers may occasionally be parsed incorrectly due blocks) note suffixes or numbers may occasionally be parsed incorrectly due
to crossing a block boundary. to crossing a block boundary.
.SH FILES .SH FILES
/dev/speaker -- speaker device file /dev/speaker -- speaker device file
.SH AUTHOR .SH AUTHOR
Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Feb 1990 Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com) June 1990
FreeBSD port -- Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>