heap when using a range above 1MB.
Previously the loader would always use the last 3MB in the first memory
range above 1MB for the heap. However, this memory range is also where the
kernel and any modules are loaded. If this memory range is "small", then
using the high 3MB for the heap may not leave enough room for the kernel
and modules.
Now the loader will use any range below 4GB for the heap, and the logic to
choose the "high" heap region has moved into biosmem.c. It sets two
variables that the loader can use for a high heap if it desires. When a
high heap is enabled (BZIP2, FireWire, GPT, or ZFS), then the following
memory ranges are preferred for the heap in order from best to worst:
- The largest memory region in the SMAP with a start address greater than
1MB. The memory region must be at least 3MB in length. This leaves the
region starting at 1MB purely for use by the kernel and modules.
- The last 3MB of the memory region starting at 1MB if it is at least 3MB
in size. This matches the current behavior except that the current loader
would break horribly if the first region was not at least 3MB in size.
- The memory range from the end of the loader up to the 640k window. This
is the range the loader uses when none of the high-heap-requesting options
are enabled.
Tested by: hrs
MFC after: 1 week
in make.conf or src.conf.
- When GPT is enabled (which it is by default), use memory above 1 MB and
leave the memory from the end of the bss to the end of the 640k window
purely for the stack. The loader has grown and now it is much more
common for the heap and stack to grow into each other when both are
located in the 640k window.
PR: kern/129526
MFC after: 1 week
This bring huge amount of changes, I'll enumerate only user-visible changes:
- Delegated Administration
Allows regular users to perform ZFS operations, like file system
creation, snapshot creation, etc.
- L2ARC
Level 2 cache for ZFS - allows to use additional disks for cache.
Huge performance improvements mostly for random read of mostly
static content.
- slog
Allow to use additional disks for ZFS Intent Log to speed up
operations like fsync(2).
- vfs.zfs.super_owner
Allows regular users to perform privileged operations on files stored
on ZFS file systems owned by him. Very careful with this one.
- chflags(2)
Not all the flags are supported. This still needs work.
- ZFSBoot
Support to boot off of ZFS pool. Not finished, AFAIK.
Submitted by: dfr
- Snapshot properties
- New failure modes
Before if write requested failed, system paniced. Now one
can select from one of three failure modes:
- panic - panic on write error
- wait - wait for disk to reappear
- continue - serve read requests if possible, block write requests
- Refquota, refreservation properties
Just quota and reservation properties, but don't count space consumed
by children file systems, clones and snapshots.
- Sparse volumes
ZVOLs that don't reserve space in the pool.
- External attributes
Compatible with extattr(2).
- NFSv4-ACLs
Not sure about the status, might not be complete yet.
Submitted by: trasz
- Creation-time properties
- Regression tests for zpool(8) command.
Obtained from: OpenSolaris
set the %eflags used during a BIOS call via BTX to 0x202. Previously
the flags field was uninitialized garbage, and thus it was "random" if
interrupts were enabled or not during BIOS calls.
- Use constants from <machine/psl.h> for fields in %eflags.
MFC after: 3 days
macros to treat the 'slice' field as a real part of the bootdev instead
of as hack that spans two other fields (adaptor (sic) and controller)
that are not used in any modern FreeBSD boot code.
MFC after: 1 week
It is disabled by default. You need to put
LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT=yes in /etc/make.conf
and rebuild loader to enable it.
(cd /sys/boot/i386 && make clean && make && make install)
You can find a short introduction of dcons at
http://wiki.freebsd.org/DebugWithDcons
device (kind) specific unit field to the common field. This change
allows a future version of libefi to work without requiring anything
more than what is defined in struct devdesc and as such makes it
possible to compile said version of libefi for different platforms
without requiring that those platforms have identical derivatives
of struct devdesc.
3MB of physical memory for heap instead of range between 1MB and 4MB.
This makes this feature working with PAE and amd64 kernels, which are
loaded at 2MB. Teach i386_copyin() to avoid using range allocated by
heap in such case, so that it won't trash heap in the low memory
conditions.
This should make loading bzip2-compressed kernels/modules/mfs images
generally useable, so that re@ team is welcome to evaluate merits
of using this feature in the installation CDs.
Valuable suggestions by: jhb
provide enough room for decompression (up to 2.5MB is necessary). This
should be safe to do since we load i386 kernels after 8MB mark now, so
that 16MB is the minimum amount of RAM necessary to even boot FreeBSD.
This makes bzip2-support practically useable.
variables to loader:
hint.smbios.0.enabled "YES" when SMBIOS is detected
hint.smbios.0.bios.vendor BIOS vendor
hint.smbios.0.bios.version BIOS version
hint.smbios.0.bios.reldate BIOS release date
hint.smbios.0.system.maker System manufacturer
hint.smbios.0.system.product System product name
hint.smbios.0.system.version System version number
hint.smbios.0.planar.maker Base board manufacturer
hint.smbios.0.planar.product Base board product name
hint.smbios.0.planar.version Base board version number
hint.smbios.0.chassis.maker Enclosure manufacturer
hint.smbios.0.chassis.version Enclosure version
These strings can be used to detect hardware quirks and to set appropriate
flags. For example, Compaq R3000 series and some HP laptops require
hint.atkbd.0.flags="0x9"
to boot. See amd64/67745 for more detail.
Note: Please do not abuse this feature to resolve general problem when it
can be fixed programmatically. This must be used as a last resort.
PR: kern/81449
Approved by: anholt (mentor)
- Teach the i386 and pc98 loaders to honor multiple console requests from
their respective boot2 binaries so that the same console(s) are used in
both boot2 and the loader.
- Since the kernel doesn't support multiple consoles, whichever console is
listed first is treated as the "primary" console and is passed to the
kernel in the boot_howto flags.
PR: kern/66425
Submitted by: Gavin Atkinson gavin at ury dot york dot ac dot uk
MFC after: 1 week
things over floppy size limits, I can exclude it for release builds or
something like that. Most of the changes are to get the load_elf.c file
into a seperate elf32_ or elf64_ namespace so that you can have two
ELF loaders present at once. Note that for 64 bit kernels, it actually
starts up the kernel already in 64 bit mode with paging enabled. This
is really easy because we have a known minimum feature set.
Of note is that for amd64, we have to pass in the bios int 15 0xe821
memory map because once in long mode, you absolutely cannot make VM86
calls. amd64 does not use 'struct bootinfo' at all. It is a pure loader
metadata startup, just like sparc64 and powerpc. Much of the
infrastructure to support this was adapted from sparc64.
Many recent machine have a broken INT 12H (Get base memory size)
implementation and boot program stops if INT 12H is called.
This commit should solve the problem at very first step of FreeBSD
installation occurred on newer some machines.
Reviewed by: bde, jhb
MFC after: 1 week
the ACPI module if the system apperars to be ACPI compliant.
This is an initial cut; the load should really be done by Forth support
code, and we should check both the BIOS build date and a blacklist.
You may specify TFTP or NFS via compile time options in the loader,
but not both at this time.
Also, remove a warning about not knowing how to boot from network
devices. We can obviously do that now.
- Don't hard code 0x10000 as the entry point for the loader. Instead add
src/sys/boot/i386/Makefile.inc which defines a make variable with the
entry point for the loader. Move the loader's entry point up to
0x20000, which makes PXE happy.
- Don't try to use cpp to parse btxldr for the optional BTXLDR_VERBOSE,
instead use m4 to achieve this. Also, add a BTXLDR_VERBOSE knob in the
btxldr Makefile to turn this option on.
- Redo parts of cdldr's Makefile so that it now builds and installs cdboot
instead of having i386/loader/Makefile do that. Also, add in some more
variables to make the pxeldr Makefile almost identical and thus to ease
maintainability.
- Teach cdldr about the a.out format. Cdldr now parsers the a.out header
of the loader binary and relocates it based on that. The entry point of
the loader no longer has to be hardcoded into cdldr. Also, the boot
info table from mkisofs is no longer required to get a useful cdboot.
- Update the lsdev function for BIOS disks to parse other file systems
(such as DOS FAT) that we currently support. This is still buggy as
it assumes that a floppy with a DOS boot sector actually has a MBR and
parses it as such. I'll be fixing this in the future.
- The biggie: Add in support for booting off of PXE-enabled network
adapters. Currently, we use the TFTP API provided by the PXE BIOS.
Eventually we will switch to using the low-level NIC driver thus
allowing both TFTP and NFS to be used, but for now it's just TFTP.
Submitted by: ps, alfred
Testing by: Benno Rice <benno@netizen.com.au>
- Fix btxldr to preserve a NULL bootinfo pointer when it copies the kernel
arguments.
- Add the cdldr bootstrap program. This program is tacked onto the
beginning of the standard 3rd stage boot loader (/boot/loader) to form
the CD boot loader (/boot/cdboot). When a CD is booted, the cdboot file
is copied into memory instead and executed. The cdldr stub emulates the
environment normally provided by boot2 and then starts the loader. This
booting method does not emulate a floppy drive, but boots directly off of
the CD. This should fix the problems some BIOS's have with emulating a
2.88 MB floppy image.
- Add support to the loader to recognize that it has been booted by cdldr
instead of boot2 and use a simpler method of extracting the BIOS boot
device.
for our use. Use the same search order for BIOS memory size functions
as the kernel will later use.
Allow the loader to use all of the detected physical memory (this will
greatly help people trying to load enormous memory disk images).
More correctly handle running out of memory when loading an object.
Use the end of base memory for the top of the heap, rather than
blindly hoping that there is 384k left.
Add copyrights to a couple of files I forgot.
and will bypass transfers for more than 8k. Blocks are invalidated after
2 seconds, so removable media should not confuse the cache.
The 8k threshold is a compromise; all UFS transfers performed by
libstand are 8k or less, so large file reads thrash the cache.
However many filesystem metadata operations are also performed using
8k blocks, so using a lower threshold gives poor performance.
Those of you with an eye for cache algorithms are welcome to tell me
how badly this one sucks; you can start with the 'bcachestats' command
which will print the contents of the cache and access statistics.
- Use the ISA PnP enumerator.
- Use the new linker set code, throw out the gensetdefs stuff.
- Produce an intermediate loader image that has symbols stripped, to aid
- in debugging.
- Supply ISA port access functions required for ISA PnP
- Discard large amounts of BIOS-related code in favour of the more compact
BTX vm86 interface.
- Build the loader module as ELF, although the resulting object is a.out,
make gensetdefs 32/64-bit sensitive and use a single copy of it.
- Throw away installboot, as it's no longer required.
- Use direct bcopy operations in the i386_copy module, as BTX
maps the first 16M of memory. Check operations against the
detected size of actual memory.
- Use format-independant module allocator.
- Conditionalise ISA PnP support.
- Simplify PnP enumerator interface.
- Improve module/object searching.
- Add missing depend/install targets in BTX makefiles.
- Pass the kernel environment and module data in extended bootinfo fields.
- Add a pointer to the end of the kernel + modules in bootinfo.
- Fix parsing of old-style kernel arguments.
- Move some startup code from MD to MI sections
- Add a 'copyout' and some copyout-related functions. These will be
obsoleted when BTX is available for the 386 and the kernel load
area becomes directly addressable.
- Add the ability load an arbitrary file as a module, associating
and arbitrary type string with it. This can be used eg. for loading
splash-screen images etc.
- Add KLD module dependancy infrastructure. We know how to look for
dependancies inside KLD modules, how to resolve these dependancies
and what to do if things go wrong. Only works for a.out at the
moment, due to lack of an MI ELF loader. Attach KLD module information
to loaded modules as metadata, but don't pass it to the kernel (it
can find it itself).
- Load a.out KLD modules on a page boundary. Only pad the a.out BSS
for the kernel, as it may want to throw symbols away. (We might want
to do this for KLD modules too.)
- Allow commands to be hidden from the '?' display, to avoid cluttering
it with things like 'echo'. Add 'echo'.
- Bring the 'prompt' command into line with the parser syntax.
- Fix the verbose 'ls'; it was using an uninitialised stack variable.
- Add a '-v' flag to 'lsmod' to have it display module metadata as well
(not terribly useful for the average user)
- Support a 'module searchpath' for required modules.
- The bootstrap file on i386 is now called 'loader' to permit the
/boot directory to use that name.
- Discard the old i386 pread() function, as it's replaced by
arch_readin()
- Implement a new copyin/readin interface for loading modules.
This allows the module loaders to become MI, reducing code duplication.
- Simplify the search for an image activator for the loaded kernel.
- Use the common module management code for all module metadata.
- Add an 'unload' command that throws everything away.
- Move the a.out module loader to MI code, add support for a.out
kld modules.
Submitted by: Alpha changes fixed by Doug Rabson <dfr@freebsd.org>
'three-stage' bootstrap.
There are a number of caveats with the code in its current state:
- The i386 bootstrap only supports booting from a floppy.
- The kernel and kld do not yet know how to deal with the extended
information and module summary passed in.
- PnP-based autodetection and demand loading of modules is not implemented.
- i386 ELF kernel loading is not ready yet.
- The i386 bootstrap is loaded via an ugly blockmap.
On the alpha, both net- and disk-booting (SRM console machines only) is
supported. No blockmaps are used by this code.
Obtained from: Parts from the NetBSD/i386 standalone bootstrap.
