The cdevsw_add() function now finds the major number(s) in the
struct cdevsw passed to it. cdevsw_add_generic() is no longer
needed, cdevsw_add() does the same thing.
cdevsw_add() will print an message if the d_maj field looks bogus.
Remove nblkdev and nchrdev variables. Most places they were used
bogusly. Instead check a dev_t for validity by seeing if devsw()
or bdevsw() returns NULL.
Move bdevsw() and devsw() functions to kern/kern_conf.c
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 400006
This commit removes:
72 bogus makedev() calls
26 bogus SYSINIT functions
if_xe.c bogusly accessed cdevsw[], author/maintainer please fix.
I4b and vinum not changed. Patches emailed to authors. LINT
probably broken until they catch up.
Reformat and initialize correctly all "struct cdevsw".
Initialize the d_maj and d_bmaj fields.
The d_reset field was not removed, although it is never used.
I used a program to do most of this, so all the files now use the
same consistent format. Please keep it that way.
Vinum and i4b not modified, patches emailed to respective authors.
The XPT doesn't have a problem with this itself, but some controllers
drivers may have been caught off guard by the old behavior.
XPT_CONT_TARGET_IO is also a valid ccb type for cam_periph_unmapmem.
writing, we want to be able to read the buffer. If we're reading, we want
to be able to write to the buffer.
PR: kern/11870
Submitted by: Andrew Mobbs <amobbs@allstor-sw.co.uk>
code in all initiator type peripheral drivers.
scsi_target.c:
Release ATIO structures that wind up in the 'unkown command queue'
for consumption by our userland counterpart, back to the controller
when the exception for that command is cleared.
types allow the reporting of error counts and other statistics. Currently
we provide information on the last BDR or bus reset as well as active
transaction inforamtion, but this will be expanded as more information is
added to aid in error recovery.
Use the 'last reset' information to better handle bus settle delays.
Peripheral drivers now control whether a bus settle delay occurs and
for how long. This allows target mode peripheral drivers to avoid
having their device queue frozen by the XPT for what shoudl only be
initiator type behavior.
Don't perform a bus reset if the target device is incapable of performing
transfer negotiation (e.g. Fiber Channel).
If we don't perform a bus reset but the controller is capable of transfer
negotiations, force negotiations on the first transaction to go to the
device. This ensures that we aren't tripped up by a left over negotiation
from the prom, BIOS, loader, etc.
Add a default async handler funstion to cam_periph.c to remove duplicated
code in all initiator type peripheral drivers.
Allow mapping of XPT_CONT_TARGET_IO ccbs from userland. They are
itentical to XPT_SCSI_IO ccbs as far as data mapping is concerned.
SUPPORTED). Add a SA_FLAG_TAPE_FROZEN for (see below).
Add a queue_count field to softc.
Add HP T20* Travan-5 like tape device as a FIXED/512 type device.
Works for me. Add TANDBERG SLR5 as a variable SA_QUIRK_1FM device.
Change VIPER 2525 to 1024 byte blocksize. It's possible other
drives should change too, but see below..
Change argument to sagetparams to be pointer to a sa_comp_t union-
this can be either a DATA COMPRESSION or a DEVICE CONFIGURATION
page. In general compression now tries to use the DATA COMPRESSION
page and if that fails tries the DEVICE CONFIGURATION page.
Change close routine to not rewind tape if there's a failure in either
writing filemarks or in backing over one of two filemarks for a 2FM
at EOT tape- instead mark the tape as 'frozen' and print a message
saying that either an OFFLINE or REWIND or an MTEOM command is needed
to clear this state (all bring certainty back to tape position). Fix
sastrategy to not allow I/O to a frozen tape.
Add MTIOCGETEOTMODEL/MTIOCSETEOTMODEL ioctls that get and set the EOT
model for a tape drive (you can now dynamically change whether it's
a 2 FM @ EOT or 1FM at EOT tape device). This ought to give folks
something to handle the QIC drives we don't know about. Correctly propagate
record of compression algorithm back. Clear FROZEN flag for EOM, REWIND
and OFFLINE (and RETENSION and ERASE) cases.
Fix an egregious bug in sadone that had left the device queue frozen
for deferred (for fixed mode case) errors.
Add comment in samount about how useless the test unit ready is for
invalidating a mount (this has to be fixed later).
Fix residual calculation (per Eivind) in saerror so that negative values
for tape records being too large for the supplied buffer get caught. Do
some other saerrro cleanup.
Per Ken && Justin, add my name to copyright comment.
entity. Add the Device Configuration page data structure- this structure
should be used if you fail to fetch the DATA COMPRESSION page. Make a union
type of a mode header, a device configuration page and the data compression
page.
Add a couple of QIC density defines (QIC 2G/QIC 4GB).
If the client requests that the error recovery code retry a selection
timeout, it will be retried after half a second. The delay is to give the
device time to recover.
For most of these drivers, I only added selection timeout retries where
they were also retrying unit attention type errors. The sa(4) driver calls
saerror() in a number of places, but most of them don't request retrying
unit attentions.
Also, bump the default minimum CD changer timeout from 2 to 5 seconds and
the maximum timeout from 10 to 15 seconds. Some Pioneer changers seem to
have trouble with the shorter timeout.
Reviewed by: gibbs
NOTE: These changes will require recompilation of any userland
applications, like cdrecord, xmcd, etc., that use the CAM passthrough
interface. A make world is recommended.
camcontrol.[c8]:
- We now support two new commands, "tags" and "negotiate".
- The tags commands allows users to view the number of tagged
openings for a device as well as a number of other related
parameters, and it allows users to set tagged openings for
a device.
- The negotiate command allows users to enable and disable
disconnection and tagged queueing, set sync rates, offsets
and bus width. Note that not all of those features are
available for all controllers. Only the adv, ahc, and ncr
drivers fully support all of the features at this point.
Some cards do not allow the setting of sync rates, offsets and
the like, and some of the drivers don't have any facilities to
do so. Some drivers, like the adw driver, only support enabling
or disabling sync negotiation, but do not support setting sync
rates.
- new description in the camcontrol man page of how to format a disk
- cleanup of the camcontrol inquiry command
- add support in the 'devlist' command for skipping unconfigured devices if
-v was not specified on the command line.
- make use of the new base_transfer_speed in the path inquiry CCB.
- fix CCB bzero cases
cam_xpt.c, cam_sim.[ch], cam_ccb.h:
- new flags on many CCB function codes to designate whether they're
non-immediate, use a user-supplied CCB, and can only be passed from
userland programs via the xpt device. Use these flags in the transport
layer and pass driver to categorize CCBs.
- new flag in the transport layer device matching code for device nodes
that indicates whether a device is unconfigured
- bump the CAM version from 0x10 to 0x11
- Change the CAM ioctls to use the version as their group code, so we can
force users to recompile code even when the CCB size doesn't change.
- add + fill in a new value in the path inquiry CCB, base_transfer_speed.
Remove a corresponding field from the cam_sim structure, and add code to
every SIM to set this field to the proper value.
- Fix the set transfer settings code in the transport layer.
scsi_cd.c:
- make some variables volatile instead of just casting them in various
places
- fix a race condition in the changer code
- attach unless we get a "logical unit not supported" error. This should
fix all of the cases where people have devices that return weird errors
when they don't have media in the drive.
scsi_da.c:
- attach unless we get a "logical unit not supported" error
scsi_pass.c:
- for immediate CCBs, just malloc a CCB to send the user request in. This
gets rid of the 'held' count problem in camcontrol tags.
scsi_pass.h:
- change the CAM ioctls to use the CAM version as their group code.
adv driver:
- Allow changing the sync rate and offset separately.
adw driver
- Allow changing the sync rate and offset separately.
aha driver:
- Don't return CAM_REQ_CMP for SET_TRAN_SETTINGS CCBs.
ahc driver:
- Allow setting offset and sync rate separately
bt driver:
- Don't return CAM_REQ_CMP for SET_TRAN_SETTINGS CCBs.
NCR driver:
- Fix the ultra/ultra 2 negotiation bug
- allow setting both the sync rate and offset separately
Other HBA drivers:
- Put code in to set the base_transfer_speed field for
XPT_GET_TRAN_SETTINGS CCBs.
Reviewed by: gibbs, mjacob (isp), imp (aha)
Interrupts under the new scheme are managed by the i386 nexus with the
awareness of the resource manager. There is further room for optimizing
the interfaces still. All the users of register_intr()/intr_create()
should be gone, with the exception of pcic and i386/isa/clock.c.
Move handling of CAM_AUTOSENSE_FAIL into block dealing with
all other scsi status errors.
cam_queue.c:
cam_queue.h:
Fix 'off by one' heap bug in a more efficient manner. Since
heap algorithms like to deal with indexes started from 1,
offset our heap array pointer at allocation time to make this
so for a C environment. This makes the implementation of the
algorithm a bit more efficient.
cam_xpt.c:
Use macros for accessing the head of the heap so that code
is isolated from implementation details of the heap.
write performance when tagged queueing is enabled.
Although the PR was submitted for the 4 gig version of this drive, the
assumption is that the 2 gig version has the same problem. Therefore
tagged queueing is disabled for both.
Also, update the comment for the Western Digital Enterprise drives to note
that the best performance for those drives is achieved when tagged queueing
is disabled and write caching is enabled.
PR: kern/10398
Submitted by: Hideaki Okada <hokada@isl.melco.co.jp>
trouble with tagged queueing as the 6.5 gig version.
So, I've added a quirk entry for it to limit it to two outstanding
transactions at a time, just like the 6.5G version. While I'm at it, add a
quirk for the 9G version of the drive, since it most likely has the same
problem.
Submitted by: Jeremy Lea <reg@shale.csir.co.za>
emulator so that instances can be dynamically added and removed from the
system.
Properly reference count peripheral instances so they are cleaned up when
destroyed by the control device.
Set a timeout for test unit ready commands. Before it was uninitialized
and could cause us to drop off the bus when no real timeout had occurred.
caused by temporary EDT allocations performed by controller drivers in
their interrupt routiens.
Reference count bus entries in the EDT in preparation for support for
dynamic controller arrival and departure.
Have children of the EDT hold references to their parents.
Correct routing of the XPT_IMMED_NOTIFY ccb type for use in
target mode applications.
Fix a few cases where the generation count for EDT data members was
not being updated when a modification occurred.
splcam() problem Noticed by: Tor Egge <tegge@FreeBSD.org>
catch a T4000s)
+ Set *some* kind of error at EOM if we're in fixed mode and have pending errs.
Do not clear the ERR_PENDING bit if more buffers are queued.
+ Release the start_ccb in this case also, else we hang forever on rewinding.
+ Any kind of error for load to BOT in samount should then cause an attempt
to use REWIND to come back to BOT. Do the initial load command quietly.
+ In samount, if we succeed, set the relative position markers.
drive has very poor write performance (1.4MB/sec vs. 12MB/sec) with anything
more than two oustanding transactions.
So, this limits the number of tagged commands to two for that drive.
Thanks to Paul van der Zwan for doing a whole lot of testing to confirm
this.
Reported by: Paul van der Zwan <paulz@trantor.xs4all.nl>
Sync rates like 4.032MHz were getting printed as 4.32MHz.
Also, add a quirk entry for the 18G Quantum Atlas III. Like most other
recent Quantum drives, it bogusly reports queue full. Thanks to Andre
Albsmeier <andre.albsmeier@mchp.siemens.de> for the Atlas III inquiry
information.
Reviewed by: gibbs
peripheral drivers can determine where in the devstat(9) list they are
inserted.
This requires recompilation of libdevstat, systat, vmstat, rpc.rstatd, and
any ports that depend on the devstat code, since the size of the devstat
structure has changed. The devstat version number has been incremented as
well to reflect the change.
This sorts devices in the devstat list in "more interesting" to "less
interesting" order. So, for instance, da devices are now more important
than floppy drives, and so will appear before floppy drives in the default
output from systat, iostat, vmstat, etc.
The order of devices is, for now, kept in a central table in devicestat.h.
If individual drivers were able to make a meaningful decision on what
priority they should be at attach time, we could consider splitting the
priority information out into the various drivers. For now, though, they
have no way of knowing that, so it's easier to put them in an easy to find
table.
Also, move the checkversion() call in vmstat(8) to a more logical place.
Thanks to Bruce and David O'Brien for suggestions, for reviewing this, and
for putting up with the long time it has taken me to commit it. Bruce did
object somewhat to the central priority table (he would rather the
priorities be distributed in each driver), so his objection is duly noted
here.
Reviewed by: bde, obrien
of the minor). Establish and use a control mode open. Control
mode opens may open the device without locking, but are prohibited
from all but some ioctls. MTIOCGET always works. MTIOCERRSTAT
works, but the clearing of latched error status is contingent
upon whether another application has the device open, in which
case an interruptible perip acquire is done. MTSETBSIZ, MTSETDNSTY
and MTCOMP also require a periph aquire.
Relative fileno and blkno are tracked. Note that just about any
error will make these undefined, and if you space to EOD or use
hardware block positioning, these are also lost until the next
UNLOAD or REWIND.
Driver state is also tracked and recorded in the unit softc
to be passed back in mt_dsreg for a MTIOCGET call.
Thanks to Dan Strick for suggesting this.
Reintroduce 2 filemarks at EOD for all but QIC devices. I
really think it's wrong, but there is a lot of 3rd party
software that depends upon this (not the least of which is
tcopy). Introduce a SA_QUIRK_1FM to ensure that some devices
can be marked as only being able to do 1 FM at EOD.
At samount time force a load to BOT if we aren't mounted. If the
LOAD command fails, use the REWIND command (e.g., for the IBM 3590
which for some gawdawful reason doesn't support the LOAD (to BOT)
command).
Also at samount time, if you don't know fixed or variable, try to
*set* to one of the known fixed (or variable, for special case)
density codes. We only have to do this once per boot, so it's not
that painful. This is another way to try and figure out the wierd
QIC devices without having to quirk everything in the universe.
A substantial amount of cleanup as to what operations can and what
operations cannot be retried. Don't retry space operations if they
fail- it'll just lead to lossage.
Not yet done is invalidating mounts correctly after errors. ENOTIME.
changes to the VM system to support the new swapper, VM bug
fixes, several VM optimizations, and some additional revamping of the
VM code. The specific bug fixes will be documented with additional
forced commits. This commit is somewhat rough in regards to code
cleanup issues.
Reviewed by: "John S. Dyson" <root@dyson.iquest.net>, "David Greenman" <dg@root.com>
its original form. (Originally, it only applied to the CFP 2107.)
Hopefully we can come to some conclusion about which Conner drives are
broken for tagged queueing.
the CFP2107, but it appears (not surprisingly) that the 1 gig and 4 gig
versions of that drive have the same problem with tagged queueing.
Also, fix the problem reported in PR kern/9482. The XPT_DEV_MATCH case in
xptioctl() wasn't putting a proper path in the CCB before it called
xpt_action(). When CAMDEBUG is defined, and CAM_DEBUG_TRACE debugging is
turned on, the CAM_DEBUG statement at the beginning of xpt_action would end
up deferencing a NULL path pointer. That of course caused a panic.
My solution is to just stick the xpt peripheral's path in the CCB.
PR: kern/9482
Reviewed by: gibbs
idiot about testing SA_QUIRK_2FM in samount. Fixed.
Removed the NORRLS quirk (to save quirk space) and left
the behaviour of being quiet about failed reserve/release
(failed due Illegal Request) the same.
Added a SF_QUIET_IR for prevent/allow for the same purposes.
(<blank@fox.uni-trier.de>) about quirks being set as
arithmetic values, not as bitfields. Add HP, Kennedy
and M4 1/2" reel quirk entries.
Do a lot of gratuitous source changing.
Audit all functions that build ccbs for the tape driver
and decide whether each one can be retried or not.
Still to do is some more state management post errors.
'Black Hole' device uses this feature to schedule itself against any
target or lun attached to a controller that receives an unwanted request
from an initiator instead of having an instance per potential target/lun
request.
Use the wildcard entries to simplify wildcard async callback storage.
Don't announce devices twice to peripheral drivers. The devices will
be announced as soon as the AC_PATH_REGISTERED event is registered by
the peripheral driver, so no manaul push of this event is required.
Reviewed by: Kenneth Merry <ken@FreeBSD.org>
data and sense information for target mode devices for which no other
peripheral driver is attached. This simplifies the task of dealing with
luns that are not otherwise enabled for target mode if the controller
does not have firmware that automatically deals with this case (e.g.
the aic7xxx driver).
from the old driver. Change format of quirk table to have a preferred block
size for devices that need to be QUIRK_FIXED- this is loaded into the
last_media_blocksize tag at saregister time and will be used in the first
samount case.
Change sasetparams to take a sense_flags argument so that probe time testing
can be quieter (e.g. with SF_NO_PRINT).
Fix a couple of silly bugs in the fixed/variable determination in samount- one
was where there was a check against 'guessing' AND the density code being
default density- *SMACK* - you're only guessing if you find the media code
to be *other* than default density. Second bug was a test against current
blocksize being zero- should be a test against whether current blocksize
is not equal to the last blocksize if you had wanted to be fixed (suppose
you came up in fixed, but not the preferred size?). And if you don't
know what the fixed size should be, select 512 as the starting point,
not BLKDEV_IOSIZE (reality wins). Finally, in doing the test set to variable
mode, make sasetparams non-chatty.
to release the probe ccb before taking down the periph.
Also, don't do cdscheduling if you're not going to
attach the device after all.
Reviewed by: ken@freebsd.org
It keeps returning queue full until we have reduced the number of tagged
openings to the minimum.
So, put in a quirk entry with the same work-around. This quirk entry is
only for the 9G Atlas III, once someone comes up with inquiry information
for the 18G version of that drive, we can quirk it as well.
Submitted by: "Johan Granlund" <johan@granlund.nu>
the quirk that disables tagged queueing for those drives.
Also, silence a warning by disabling xpt_for_all_targets() and
xpt_for_all_periphs(). These two functions are not currently used, but
they should not be removed. They're part of a set of functions that
provide a way to execute a function for every {bus,target,device,periph} in
the system.
If anyone needs to use either function in the future, they can be
un-#ifdefed.
CAPACITY fail for a non-removable media device. There's a race
condition where the device entry is removed and then
xpt_release_ccb is called which attempts to give back the ccb
to a device that's now gone. In this bandaid release the ccb
early and then remember to not call xpt_release_ccb later.
will) get set for the devices that don't actually support
reserve/release (so we don't keep trying it).
Add softc storage and manage storing last I/O and CTL
commands that had errors (for correlative purposes).
In saclose clear the 'MOUNTED' bit if we either rewind or
unload (yes, this shouldn't be necessary since the next open
should catch whether a tape change occurred, but I'm having
some questions about that actually working so this is
safer for the moment). Oh, forgot to mention in previous
commit messages that some of the failures particularly at
close time cause the tape to be ejected (for the sake
of safety)- all this prior to redoing the state machine
(which is in progress) which will try and handle this better.
Complete the addition of the setmark support
(from Martin.Birgmeier@aon.at).
written even it the tape was opened readonly- 2 botches in deferred error
handling for FIXED LENGTH mode which caused panic && hand resp.). Fixed
a memory leak in sa_mount.
2) Fixed an annoying bug when turning of compression to actually reflect
this for future status calls.
3) Implement the MTIOCERRSTAT call where latched control and I/O residuals
and sense data are returned to the application asking for them.
Attempt to determine (at mount time if not done so already) via density code
whether a device should default to fixed mode or not. Attempts to set to
variable that fail will cause fixed to be selected.
Similarly, the '2 filemarks at EOM' quirk is now determined (or attempted to
be determined) via density code. Some as yet not entirely tested code for
coping with 2FM@EOD position is now also in place.
aborted prior to disabling our lun. This requires a second set of
links since we use the ones in the ccb_hdr during normal operations.
Nuke some unused variables.
and out of kernel address space (via the pass(4) and xpt(4) peripheral
drivers) to 64K (DFLTPHYS). Some controllers, like the Adaptec 1542,
don't support more than 64K transactions.
We plan on eventually having the capability of limiting this size based
on min(MAXPHYS, controller max), but since that capability isn't here yet,
limit things to the lowest common denominator.
reporting since this past summer. (I think Daniel O'Conner was the first.)
The problem appears to have been something like this:
- cdda2wav by default passes in a buffer that is close to the 128K MAXPHYS
limit.
- many times, the buffer is not page aligned
- vmapbuf() truncates the address, so that it is page aligned
- that causes the total size of the buffer to be greater than MAXPHYS,
which of course is a bad thing.
Here's a quote from the PR (kern/9067):
==================
In particular, note bp->b_bufsize = 0x0001f950 and bp->b_data = 0xf2219960
(which does not start on a page boundary). vunmapbuf() loops through all
the pages without any difficulty until addr reaches 0xf2239000, and then
the panic occurs. This seems to indicate that we are exceeding MAXPHYS
since we actually started from the middle of a page (the data is being
transfered to a non page aligned location).
To complete the description, note that the system call originates from
ReadCddaMMC12() (in scsi_cmds.c of cdda2wav) with a request to read 55
audio sectors of 2352 bytes (which is calculated to fall under MAXPHYS).
This in turn ends up calling scsi_send() (in scsi-bsd.c) which calls
cam_fill_csio() and cam_send_ccb(). This results in a CAMIOCOMMAND ioctl
with a ccb function code of XPT_SCSI_IO.
==================
The fix is to change the size check in cam_periph_mapmem() so that it is
like the one in minphys(). In particular, it is something like:
if ((buffer_length + (buf_ptr & PAGE_MASK)) > MAXPHYS)
buffer is too big
My fix is based on the one in the PR, but I cleaned up a fair number of
things in cam_periph_mapmem(). The checks for each buffer to be mapped
are now in a separate loop from the actual mapping operation. With the new
arrangement, we don't have to bother with unmapping any previously mapped
buffers if one of the checks fails.
Many thanks to James Liu for tracking this down. I'd appreciate it if some
vm-savvy folks would look this over. I believe this fix is correct, but I
could be wrong.
PR: kern/9067 (also, kern/8112)
Reviewed by: gibbs
Submitted by: "James T. Liu" <jtliu@phlebas.rockefeller.edu>
level so they can be reclaimed before attempting to disable our lun.
Correctly free descriptors. Add periph locking and spl protection
around open and close.
incorporate some notion of which revision the device is. If it's < SCSI2, for
example, READ BLOCK LIMITS is not a MANDATORY command.
At any rate, the initial state is to try and read block limits to get a notion
of the smallest and largest record size as well as the granularity. However,
this doesn't mean that the device should actually *in* fixed block mode should
the max && min be equal... *That* choice is (for now) determined by whether
the device comes up with a blocksize of nonzero. If so, then it's a fixed block
preferred device, otherwise not (this will change again soon).
When actually doing I/O, and you're in fixed length mode, the block count is
*not* the byte count divided by the minimum block size- it's the byte count
divided by the current blocksize (or use shift/mask shortcuts if that worked
out...).
Then when you *change* the blocksize via an ioctl, make sure this actually
propagates to the stored notion of blocksize (and update the shift/mask
shortcuts).
Misc Other:
When doing a mode select, only use the SCSI_SAME_DENSITY (0x7f) code if
the device is >= SCSI2- otherwise just use the saved density code.
Recover from the ripple of ILLEGAL REQUEST not being 'retried' in that
RESERVE/RELEASE is not a mandatory command for < SCSI2 (so ignore it if it
fails).
Allow sync transfers if the controller supports it. Wide will follow
as soon as I get the kinks worked out of wide target transfers in the
aic7xxx driver (currently the only target mode driver in the tree).
to specify that it does not provide initiator services (PIM_NOINITIATOR)
and that the initial bus reset for device probing should be avoided
(PIM_NOBUSRESET).
Modify the XPT layer to honor these flags.
for possible buffer overflow problems. Replaced most sprintf()'s
with snprintf(); for others cases, added terminating NUL bytes where
appropriate, replaced constants like "16" with sizeof(), etc.
These changes include several bug fixes, but most changes are for
maintainability's sake. Any instance where it wasn't "immediately
obvious" that a buffer overflow could not occur was made safer.
Reviewed by: Bruce Evans <bde@zeta.org.au>
Reviewed by: Matthew Dillon <dillon@apollo.backplane.com>
Reviewed by: Mike Spengler <mks@networkcs.com>
not like the 6-byte read and write commands! It returns illegal request,
with the field pointer pointing to byte 9 of a 6 byte CDB.
In any case, the work around is to put in a quirk mechanism that makes sure
that we don't send 6-byte reads or writes to this device. It's rather sad
that this is necessary. You'd think that they would be able to get
something that basic to work right in their firmware...
Reviewed by: gibbs
Reported by: Adam McDougall <bsdx@spawnet.com>
other problem.
- Hold onto splsoftcam() in the peripheral driver open routines until we
have locked the periph. This eliminates a race condition.
- Disallow opening the pass driver when securelevel > 1.
- If a user tries to open the pass driver with O_NONBLOCK set, return
EINVAL instead of ENODEV. (noticed by gibbs)
