V100, the firmware is known to be broken and not allowing to simultaneously
open disk devices, causing attempts to boot from a mirror or RAIDZ to cause
a crash. This will be worked around later. The firmwares of newer sun4u models
don't seem to exhibit this problem though.
Steps for ZFS booting:
1. create VTOC8 label
# gpart create -s vtoc8 da0
2. add partitions, f.e.:
# gpart add -t freebsd-zfs -s 60g da0
# gpart add -t freebsd-swap da0
resulting in something like:
# gpart show
=> 0 143331930 da0 VTOC8 (68G)
0 125821080 1 freebsd-zfs (60G)
125821080 17510850 2 freebsd-swap (8.4G)
3. create zpool
# zpool create bunker da0a
or for mirror/RAIDZ (after preparing additional disks as in steps 1. + 2.):
# zpool create bunker mirror da0a da1a
# zpool create bunker raidz da0a da1a da2a ...
4. set bootfs
# zpool set bootfs=bunker bunker
5. install zfsboot
# zpool export bunker
# gpart bootcode -p /boot/zfsboot da0
6. write zfsloader to the ZFS Boot Block (so far, there's no dedicated tool
for this, so dd(1) has to be used for this purpose)
When using mirror/RAIDZ, step 4. and the dd(1) invocation should be repeated
for the additional disks in order to be able to boot from another disk in
case of failure.
# sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=0x10
# dd if=/boot/zfsloader of=/dev/da0a bs=512 oseek=1024 conv=notrunc
# zpool import bunker
7. install system on ZFS filesystem
Don't forget to set 'zfs_load="YES"' and vfs.root.mountfrom="zfs:bunker" in
loader.conf as well as 'zfs_enable="YES"'in rc.conf.
8. copy zpool.cache to the ZFS filesystem
cp -p /boot/zfs/zpool.cache /bunker/boot/zfs/zpool.cache
9. set mountpoint
# zfs set mountpoint=/ bunker
10. Now, given that aliases for all disks in the zpool exists (check with
the `devalias` command on the boot monitor prompt) and disk0 corresponds
to da0 (likewise for additional disks), the system can be booted from the
ZFS with:
{1} ok boot disk0
PR: 165025
Submitted by: Gavin Mu
- Decompress assembled gang block data if compressed.
- Verify checksum of a gang header.
- Verify checksum of assembled gang block data.
- Verify checksum of uber block.
Submitted by: avg
MFC after: 3 days
physical block size declared in bp may not always be what we want.
For example in case of gang block header physical block size declared
in bp is much larger than SPA_GANGBLOCKSIZE (512 bytes) and checksum
calculation failed. This bug could lead to accessing unallocated
memory and resets/failures during boot.
MFC after: 3 days
handled by lower layers like vdev_raidz, which uses bp for checksum
verification. This bug could lead to NULL pointer reference and resets
during boot.
MFC after: 3 days
The utility is not connected to the build, so it should be safe
to update it.
To do: move the utility to tools/.
Some code is provided by Peter Jeremy <peterjeremy@acm.org>
Tested by: Sebastian Chmielewski <chmielsster@gmail.com>,
Peter Jeremy <peterjeremy@acm.org> (earlier versions)
Approved by: re (kib)
MFC after: 4 days
Few new things available from now on:
- Data deduplication.
- Triple parity RAIDZ (RAIDZ3).
- zfs diff.
- zpool split.
- Snapshot holds.
- zpool import -F. Allows to rewind corrupted pool to earlier
transaction group.
- Possibility to import pool in read-only mode.
MFC after: 1 month
clean up most layering violations:
sys/boot/i386/common/rbx.h:
RBX_* defines
OPT_SET()
OPT_CHECK()
sys/boot/common/util.[ch]:
memcpy()
memset()
memcmp()
bcpy()
bzero()
bcmp()
strcmp()
strncmp() [new]
strcpy()
strcat()
strchr()
strlen()
printf()
sys/boot/i386/common/cons.[ch]:
ioctrl
putc()
xputc()
putchar()
getc()
xgetc()
keyhit() [now takes number of seconds as an argument]
getstr()
sys/boot/i386/common/drv.[ch]:
struct dsk
drvread()
drvwrite() [new]
drvsize() [new]
sys/boot/common/crc32.[ch] [new]
sys/boot/common/gpt.[ch] [new]
- Teach gptboot and gptzfsboot about new files. I haven't touched the
rest, but there is still a lot of code duplication to be removed.
- Implement full GPT support. Currently we just read primary header and
partition table and don't care about checksums, etc. After this change we
verify checksums of primary header and primary partition table and if
there is a problem we fall back to backup header and backup partition
table.
- Clean up most messages to use prefix of boot program, so in case of an
error we know where the error comes from, eg.:
gptboot: unable to read primary GPT header
- If we can't boot, print boot prompt only once and not every five
seconds.
- Honour newly added GPT attributes:
bootme - this is bootable partition
bootonce - try to boot from this partition only once
bootfailed - we failed to boot from this partition
- Change boot order of gptboot to the following:
1. Try to boot from all the partitions that have both 'bootme'
and 'bootonce' attributes one by one.
2. Try to boot from all the partitions that have only 'bootme'
attribute one by one.
3. If there are no partitions with 'bootme' attribute, boot from
the first UFS partition.
- The 'bootonce' functionality is implemented in the following way:
1. Walk through all the partitions and when 'bootonce'
attribute is found without 'bootme' attribute, remove
'bootonce' attribute and set 'bootfailed' attribute.
'bootonce' attribute alone means that we tried to boot from
this partition, but boot failed after leaving gptboot and
machine was restarted.
2. Find partition with both 'bootme' and 'bootonce' attributes.
3. Remove 'bootme' attribute.
4. Try to execute /boot/loader or /boot/kernel/kernel from that
partition. If succeeded we stop here.
5. If execution failed, remove 'bootonce' and set 'bootfailed'.
6. Go to 2.
If whole boot succeeded there is new /etc/rc.d/gptboot script coming
that will log all partitions that we failed to boot from (the ones with
'bootfailed' attribute) and will remove this attribute. It will also
find partition with 'bootonce' attribute - this is the partition we
booted from successfully. The script will log success and remove the
attribute.
All the GPT updates we do here goes to both primary and backup GPT if
they are valid. We don't touch headers or partition tables when
checksum doesn't match.
Reviewed by: arch (Message-ID: <20100917234542.GE1902@garage.freebsd.pl>)
Obtained from: Wheel Systems Sp. z o.o. http://www.wheelsystems.com
MFC after: 2 weeks
Before the change it wasn't possible and the following error was printed:
ZFS: can only boot from disk, mirror or raidz vdevs
Now if the original vdev (the one we are replacing) is still present we will
read from it, but if it is not present we won't read from the new vdev, as it
might not have enough valid data yet.
MFC after: 2 weeks
This fixes booting from a ZFS mirror with a unavailable primary device.
PR: kern/148655
Reviewed by: avg
Approved by: delphij (mentor)
MFC after: 3 days
- use correct size (512) while reading a gang block
- skip holes while reading child blocks
- advance buffer pointer while reading child blocks
PR: 144214
MFC after: 10 days
for each vdev's status. Booting from a degraded vdev should now be
more robust.
Submitted by: Matt Reimer <mattjreimer at gmail.com>
Sponsored by: VPOP Technologies, Inc.
MFC after: 2 weeks
safely allocate a heap region above 1MB. This enables {gpt,}zfsboot()
to allocate much larger buffers than before.
- Use a larger buffer (1MB instead of 128K) for temporary ZFS buffers. This
allows more reliable reading of compressed files in a raidz/raidz2 pool.
Submitted by: Matt Reimer mattjreimer of gmail
MFC after: 1 week
- Teach it to read gang blocks. (essentially untested)
If you see "ZFS: gang block detected!", please let
me know, so we can either remove the printf if it
works, or fix it if it doesn't.
- If multiple partitions exist on a disk, probe them all.
We also need to reset dsk->start to 0 to read the right
sector here.
- With GPT, we can have 128 partitions.
- If the bootfs property has ever been set on a pool
it seems that it never goes away. zpool won't allow
you to add to the pool with the bootfs property set.
However, if you clear the property back to default
we end up getting 0 for the object number and read
a bogus block pointer and fail to boot.
- Fix some error printfs. The printf in the loader is
only capable of c,s and u formats.
- Teach printf how to display %llu
Reviewed by: dfr, jhb
MFC after: 2 weeks
to gptboot, i.e. installed in a freebsd-boot partition using /sbin/gpart or
/sbin/gpt.
Tweak the /boot/loader ZFS support so that it can find ZFS pools that are
contained in GPT partitions.
This bring huge amount of changes, I'll enumerate only user-visible changes:
- Delegated Administration
Allows regular users to perform ZFS operations, like file system
creation, snapshot creation, etc.
- L2ARC
Level 2 cache for ZFS - allows to use additional disks for cache.
Huge performance improvements mostly for random read of mostly
static content.
- slog
Allow to use additional disks for ZFS Intent Log to speed up
operations like fsync(2).
- vfs.zfs.super_owner
Allows regular users to perform privileged operations on files stored
on ZFS file systems owned by him. Very careful with this one.
- chflags(2)
Not all the flags are supported. This still needs work.
- ZFSBoot
Support to boot off of ZFS pool. Not finished, AFAIK.
Submitted by: dfr
- Snapshot properties
- New failure modes
Before if write requested failed, system paniced. Now one
can select from one of three failure modes:
- panic - panic on write error
- wait - wait for disk to reappear
- continue - serve read requests if possible, block write requests
- Refquota, refreservation properties
Just quota and reservation properties, but don't count space consumed
by children file systems, clones and snapshots.
- Sparse volumes
ZVOLs that don't reserve space in the pool.
- External attributes
Compatible with extattr(2).
- NFSv4-ACLs
Not sure about the status, might not be complete yet.
Submitted by: trasz
- Creation-time properties
- Regression tests for zpool(8) command.
Obtained from: OpenSolaris
