736 lines
19 KiB
Perl
736 lines
19 KiB
Perl
package File::Find;
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use 5.005_64;
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require Exporter;
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require Cwd;
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=head1 NAME
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find - traverse a file tree
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finddepth - traverse a directory structure depth-first
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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use File::Find;
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find(\&wanted, '/foo', '/bar');
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sub wanted { ... }
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use File::Find;
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finddepth(\&wanted, '/foo', '/bar');
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sub wanted { ... }
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use File::Find;
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find({ wanted => \&process, follow => 1 }, '.');
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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The first argument to find() is either a hash reference describing the
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operations to be performed for each file, or a code reference.
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Here are the possible keys for the hash:
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=over 3
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=item C<wanted>
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The value should be a code reference. This code reference is called
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I<the wanted() function> below.
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=item C<bydepth>
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Reports the name of a directory only AFTER all its entries
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have been reported. Entry point finddepth() is a shortcut for
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specifying C<{ bydepth => 1 }> in the first argument of find().
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=item C<follow>
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Causes symbolic links to be followed. Since directory trees with symbolic
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links (followed) may contain files more than once and may even have
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cycles, a hash has to be built up with an entry for each file.
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This might be expensive both in space and time for a large
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directory tree. See I<follow_fast> and I<follow_skip> below.
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If either I<follow> or I<follow_fast> is in effect:
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=over 6
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=item *
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It is guarantueed that an I<lstat> has been called before the user's
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I<wanted()> function is called. This enables fast file checks involving S< _>.
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=item *
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There is a variable C<$File::Find::fullname> which holds the absolute
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pathname of the file with all symbolic links resolved
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=back
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=item C<follow_fast>
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This is similar to I<follow> except that it may report some files
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more than once. It does detect cycles however.
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Since only symbolic links have to be hashed, this is
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much cheaper both in space and time.
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If processing a file more than once (by the user's I<wanted()> function)
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is worse than just taking time, the option I<follow> should be used.
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=item C<follow_skip>
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C<follow_skip==1>, which is the default, causes all files which are
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neither directories nor symbolic links to be ignored if they are about
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to be processed a second time. If a directory or a symbolic link
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are about to be processed a second time, File::Find dies.
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C<follow_skip==0> causes File::Find to die if any file is about to be
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processed a second time.
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C<follow_skip==2> causes File::Find to ignore any duplicate files and
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dirctories but to proceed normally otherwise.
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=item C<no_chdir>
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Does not C<chdir()> to each directory as it recurses. The wanted()
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function will need to be aware of this, of course. In this case,
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C<$_> will be the same as C<$File::Find::name>.
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=item C<untaint>
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If find is used in taint-mode (-T command line switch or if EUID != UID
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or if EGID != GID) then internally directory names have to be untainted
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before they can be cd'ed to. Therefore they are checked against a regular
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expression I<untaint_pattern>. Note, that all names passed to the
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user's I<wanted()> function are still tainted.
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=item C<untaint_pattern>
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See above. This should be set using the C<qr> quoting operator.
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The default is set to C<qr|^([-+@\w./]+)$|>.
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Note that the paranthesis which are vital.
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=item C<untaint_skip>
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If set, directories (subtrees) which fail the I<untaint_pattern>
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are skipped. The default is to 'die' in such a case.
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=back
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The wanted() function does whatever verifications you want.
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C<$File::Find::dir> contains the current directory name, and C<$_> the
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current filename within that directory. C<$File::Find::name> contains
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the complete pathname to the file. You are chdir()'d to C<$File::Find::dir> when
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the function is called, unless C<no_chdir> was specified.
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When <follow> or <follow_fast> are in effect there is also a
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C<$File::Find::fullname>.
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The function may set C<$File::Find::prune> to prune the tree
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unless C<bydepth> was specified.
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Unless C<follow> or C<follow_fast> is specified, for compatibility
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reasons (find.pl, find2perl) there are in addition the following globals
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available: C<$File::Find::topdir>, C<$File::Find::topdev>, C<$File::Find::topino>,
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C<$File::Find::topmode> and C<$File::Find::topnlink>.
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This library is useful for the C<find2perl> tool, which when fed,
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find2perl / -name .nfs\* -mtime +7 \
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-exec rm -f {} \; -o -fstype nfs -prune
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produces something like:
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sub wanted {
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/^\.nfs.*\z/s &&
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(($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid) = lstat($_)) &&
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int(-M _) > 7 &&
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unlink($_)
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||
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($nlink || (($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid) = lstat($_))) &&
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$dev < 0 &&
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($File::Find::prune = 1);
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}
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Set the variable C<$File::Find::dont_use_nlink> if you're using AFS,
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since AFS cheats.
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Here's another interesting wanted function. It will find all symlinks
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that don't resolve:
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sub wanted {
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-l && !-e && print "bogus link: $File::Find::name\n";
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}
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See also the script C<pfind> on CPAN for a nice application of this
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module.
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=head1 CAVEAT
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Be aware that the option to follow symblic links can be dangerous.
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Depending on the structure of the directory tree (including symbolic
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links to directories) you might traverse a given (physical) directory
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more than once (only if C<follow_fast> is in effect).
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Furthermore, deleting or changing files in a symbolically linked directory
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might cause very unpleasant surprises, since you delete or change files
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in an unknown directory.
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=cut
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@ISA = qw(Exporter);
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@EXPORT = qw(find finddepth);
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use strict;
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my $Is_VMS;
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require File::Basename;
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my %SLnkSeen;
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my ($wanted_callback, $avoid_nlink, $bydepth, $no_chdir, $follow,
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$follow_skip, $full_check, $untaint, $untaint_skip, $untaint_pat);
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sub contract_name {
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my ($cdir,$fn) = @_;
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return substr($cdir,0,rindex($cdir,'/')) if $fn eq '.';
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$cdir = substr($cdir,0,rindex($cdir,'/')+1);
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$fn =~ s|^\./||;
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my $abs_name= $cdir . $fn;
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if (substr($fn,0,3) eq '../') {
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do 1 while ($abs_name=~ s|/(?>[^/]+)/\.\./|/|);
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}
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return $abs_name;
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}
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sub PathCombine($$) {
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my ($Base,$Name) = @_;
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my $AbsName;
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if (substr($Name,0,1) eq '/') {
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$AbsName= $Name;
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}
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else {
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$AbsName= contract_name($Base,$Name);
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}
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# (simple) check for recursion
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my $newlen= length($AbsName);
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if ($newlen <= length($Base)) {
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if (($newlen == length($Base) || substr($Base,$newlen,1) eq '/')
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&& $AbsName eq substr($Base,0,$newlen))
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{
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return undef;
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}
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}
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return $AbsName;
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}
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sub Follow_SymLink($) {
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my ($AbsName) = @_;
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my ($NewName,$DEV, $INO);
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($DEV, $INO)= lstat $AbsName;
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while (-l _) {
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if ($SLnkSeen{$DEV, $INO}++) {
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if ($follow_skip < 2) {
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die "$AbsName is encountered a second time";
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}
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else {
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return undef;
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}
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}
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$NewName= PathCombine($AbsName, readlink($AbsName));
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unless(defined $NewName) {
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if ($follow_skip < 2) {
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die "$AbsName is a recursive symbolic link";
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}
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else {
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return undef;
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}
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}
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else {
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$AbsName= $NewName;
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}
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($DEV, $INO) = lstat($AbsName);
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return undef unless defined $DEV; # dangling symbolic link
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}
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if ($full_check && $SLnkSeen{$DEV, $INO}++) {
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if ($follow_skip < 1) {
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die "$AbsName encountered a second time";
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}
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else {
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return undef;
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}
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}
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return $AbsName;
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}
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our($dir, $name, $fullname, $prune);
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sub _find_dir_symlnk($$$);
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sub _find_dir($$$);
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sub _find_opt {
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my $wanted = shift;
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die "invalid top directory" unless defined $_[0];
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my $cwd = $wanted->{bydepth} ? Cwd::fastcwd() : Cwd::cwd();
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my $cwd_untainted = $cwd;
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$wanted_callback = $wanted->{wanted};
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$bydepth = $wanted->{bydepth};
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$no_chdir = $wanted->{no_chdir};
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$full_check = $wanted->{follow};
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$follow = $full_check || $wanted->{follow_fast};
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$follow_skip = $wanted->{follow_skip};
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$untaint = $wanted->{untaint};
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$untaint_pat = $wanted->{untaint_pattern};
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$untaint_skip = $wanted->{untaint_skip};
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# for compatability reasons (find.pl, find2perl)
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our ($topdir, $topdev, $topino, $topmode, $topnlink);
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# a symbolic link to a directory doesn't increase the link count
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$avoid_nlink = $follow || $File::Find::dont_use_nlink;
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if ( $untaint ) {
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$cwd_untainted= $1 if $cwd_untainted =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
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die "insecure cwd in find(depth)" unless defined($cwd_untainted);
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}
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my ($abs_dir, $Is_Dir);
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Proc_Top_Item:
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foreach my $TOP (@_) {
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my $top_item = $TOP;
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$top_item =~ s|/\z|| unless $top_item eq '/';
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$Is_Dir= 0;
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($topdev,$topino,$topmode,$topnlink) = stat $top_item;
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if ($follow) {
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if (substr($top_item,0,1) eq '/') {
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$abs_dir = $top_item;
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}
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elsif ($top_item eq '.') {
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$abs_dir = $cwd;
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}
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else { # care about any ../
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$abs_dir = contract_name("$cwd/",$top_item);
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}
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$abs_dir= Follow_SymLink($abs_dir);
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unless (defined $abs_dir) {
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warn "$top_item is a dangling symbolic link\n";
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next Proc_Top_Item;
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}
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if (-d _) {
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_find_dir_symlnk($wanted, $abs_dir, $top_item);
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$Is_Dir= 1;
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}
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}
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else { # no follow
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$topdir = $top_item;
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unless (defined $topnlink) {
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warn "Can't stat $top_item: $!\n";
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next Proc_Top_Item;
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}
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if (-d _) {
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$top_item =~ s/\.dir\z// if $Is_VMS;
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_find_dir($wanted, $top_item, $topnlink);
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$Is_Dir= 1;
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}
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else {
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$abs_dir= $top_item;
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}
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}
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unless ($Is_Dir) {
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unless (($_,$dir) = File::Basename::fileparse($abs_dir)) {
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($dir,$_) = ('./', $top_item);
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}
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$abs_dir = $dir;
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if ($untaint) {
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my $abs_dir_save = $abs_dir;
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$abs_dir = $1 if $abs_dir =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
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unless (defined $abs_dir) {
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if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
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die "directory $abs_dir_save is still tainted";
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}
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else {
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next Proc_Top_Item;
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}
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}
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}
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unless ($no_chdir or chdir $abs_dir) {
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warn "Couldn't chdir $abs_dir: $!\n";
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next Proc_Top_Item;
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}
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$name = $abs_dir . $_;
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&$wanted_callback;
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}
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$no_chdir or chdir $cwd_untainted;
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}
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}
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# API:
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# $wanted
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# $p_dir : "parent directory"
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# $nlink : what came back from the stat
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# preconditions:
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# chdir (if not no_chdir) to dir
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sub _find_dir($$$) {
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my ($wanted, $p_dir, $nlink) = @_;
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my ($CdLvl,$Level) = (0,0);
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my @Stack;
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my @filenames;
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my ($subcount,$sub_nlink);
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my $SE= [];
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my $dir_name= $p_dir;
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my $dir_pref= ( $p_dir eq '/' ? '/' : "$p_dir/" );
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my $dir_rel= '.'; # directory name relative to current directory
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local ($dir, $name, $prune, *DIR);
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unless ($no_chdir or $p_dir eq '.') {
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my $udir = $p_dir;
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if ($untaint) {
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$udir = $1 if $p_dir =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
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unless (defined $udir) {
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if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
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die "directory $p_dir is still tainted";
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}
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else {
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return;
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}
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}
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}
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unless (chdir $udir) {
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warn "Can't cd to $udir: $!\n";
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return;
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}
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}
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push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$p_dir,$dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
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while (defined $SE) {
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unless ($bydepth) {
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$dir= $p_dir;
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$name= $dir_name;
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$_= ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel );
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# prune may happen here
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$prune= 0;
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&$wanted_callback;
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next if $prune;
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}
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# change to that directory
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unless ($no_chdir or $dir_rel eq '.') {
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my $udir= $dir_rel;
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if ($untaint) {
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$udir = $1 if $dir_rel =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
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unless (defined $udir) {
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if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
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die "directory ("
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. ($p_dir ne '/' ? $p_dir : '')
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. "/) $dir_rel is still tainted";
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}
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}
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}
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unless (chdir $udir) {
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warn "Can't cd to ("
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. ($p_dir ne '/' ? $p_dir : '')
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. "/) $udir : $!\n";
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next;
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}
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$CdLvl++;
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}
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$dir= $dir_name;
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# Get the list of files in the current directory.
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unless (opendir DIR, ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : '.')) {
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warn "Can't opendir($dir_name): $!\n";
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next;
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}
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@filenames = readdir DIR;
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closedir(DIR);
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if ($nlink == 2 && !$avoid_nlink) {
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# This dir has no subdirectories.
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for my $FN (@filenames) {
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next if $FN =~ /^\.{1,2}\z/;
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$name = $dir_pref . $FN;
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$_ = ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN);
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&$wanted_callback;
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}
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}
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else {
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# This dir has subdirectories.
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$subcount = $nlink - 2;
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for my $FN (@filenames) {
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next if $FN =~ /^\.{1,2}\z/;
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if ($subcount > 0 || $avoid_nlink) {
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# Seen all the subdirs?
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# check for directoriness.
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# stat is faster for a file in the current directory
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$sub_nlink = (lstat ($no_chdir ? $dir_pref . $FN : $FN))[3];
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if (-d _) {
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--$subcount;
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$FN =~ s/\.dir\z// if $Is_VMS;
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push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$dir_name,$FN,$sub_nlink];
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}
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else {
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$name = $dir_pref . $FN;
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$_= ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN);
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&$wanted_callback;
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}
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}
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else {
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$name = $dir_pref . $FN;
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$_= ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN);
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&$wanted_callback;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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continue {
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while ( defined ($SE = pop @Stack) ) {
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($Level, $p_dir, $dir_rel, $nlink) = @$SE;
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if ($CdLvl > $Level && !$no_chdir) {
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my $tmp = join('/',('..') x ($CdLvl-$Level));
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die "Can't cd to $dir_name" . $tmp
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unless chdir ($tmp);
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$CdLvl = $Level;
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}
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$dir_name = ($p_dir eq '/' ? "/$dir_rel" : "$p_dir/$dir_rel");
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$dir_pref = "$dir_name/";
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if ( $nlink < 0 ) { # must be finddepth, report dirname now
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$name = $dir_name;
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if ( substr($name,-2) eq '/.' ) {
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$name =~ s|/\.$||;
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}
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$dir = $p_dir;
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$_ = ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel );
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if ( substr($_,-2) eq '/.' ) {
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s|/\.$||;
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}
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&$wanted_callback;
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|
} else {
|
|
push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$p_dir,$dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
|
|
last;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# API:
|
|
# $wanted
|
|
# $dir_loc : absolute location of a dir
|
|
# $p_dir : "parent directory"
|
|
# preconditions:
|
|
# chdir (if not no_chdir) to dir
|
|
|
|
sub _find_dir_symlnk($$$) {
|
|
my ($wanted, $dir_loc, $p_dir) = @_;
|
|
my @Stack;
|
|
my @filenames;
|
|
my $new_loc;
|
|
my $pdir_loc = $dir_loc;
|
|
my $SE = [];
|
|
my $dir_name = $p_dir;
|
|
my $dir_pref = ( $p_dir eq '/' ? '/' : "$p_dir/" );
|
|
my $loc_pref = ( $dir_loc eq '/' ? '/' : "$dir_loc/" );
|
|
my $dir_rel = '.'; # directory name relative to current directory
|
|
my $byd_flag; # flag for pending stack entry if $bydepth
|
|
|
|
local ($dir, $name, $fullname, $prune, *DIR);
|
|
|
|
unless ($no_chdir or $p_dir eq '.') {
|
|
my $udir = $dir_loc;
|
|
if ($untaint) {
|
|
$udir = $1 if $dir_loc =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
|
|
unless (defined $udir) {
|
|
if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
|
|
die "directory $dir_loc is still tainted";
|
|
}
|
|
else {
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unless (chdir $udir) {
|
|
warn "Can't cd to $udir: $!\n";
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
push @Stack,[$dir_loc,$pdir_loc,$p_dir,$dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
|
|
|
|
while (defined $SE) {
|
|
|
|
unless ($bydepth) {
|
|
$dir= $p_dir;
|
|
$name= $dir_name;
|
|
$_= ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel );
|
|
$fullname= $dir_loc;
|
|
# prune may happen here
|
|
$prune= 0;
|
|
&$wanted_callback;
|
|
next if $prune;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# change to that directory
|
|
unless ($no_chdir or $dir_rel eq '.') {
|
|
my $udir = $dir_loc;
|
|
if ($untaint) {
|
|
$udir = $1 if $dir_loc =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
|
|
unless (defined $udir ) {
|
|
if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
|
|
die "directory $dir_loc is still tainted";
|
|
}
|
|
else {
|
|
next;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unless (chdir $udir) {
|
|
warn "Can't cd to $udir: $!\n";
|
|
next;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$dir = $dir_name;
|
|
|
|
# Get the list of files in the current directory.
|
|
unless (opendir DIR, ($no_chdir ? $dir_loc : '.')) {
|
|
warn "Can't opendir($dir_loc): $!\n";
|
|
next;
|
|
}
|
|
@filenames = readdir DIR;
|
|
closedir(DIR);
|
|
|
|
for my $FN (@filenames) {
|
|
next if $FN =~ /^\.{1,2}\z/;
|
|
|
|
# follow symbolic links / do an lstat
|
|
$new_loc = Follow_SymLink($loc_pref.$FN);
|
|
|
|
# ignore if invalid symlink
|
|
next unless defined $new_loc;
|
|
|
|
if (-d _) {
|
|
push @Stack,[$new_loc,$dir_loc,$dir_name,$FN,1];
|
|
}
|
|
else {
|
|
$fullname = $new_loc;
|
|
$name = $dir_pref . $FN;
|
|
$_ = ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN);
|
|
&$wanted_callback;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
continue {
|
|
while (defined($SE = pop @Stack)) {
|
|
($dir_loc, $pdir_loc, $p_dir, $dir_rel, $byd_flag) = @$SE;
|
|
$dir_name = ($p_dir eq '/' ? "/$dir_rel" : "$p_dir/$dir_rel");
|
|
$dir_pref = "$dir_name/";
|
|
$loc_pref = "$dir_loc/";
|
|
if ( $byd_flag < 0 ) { # must be finddepth, report dirname now
|
|
unless ($no_chdir or $dir_rel eq '.') {
|
|
my $udir = $pdir_loc;
|
|
if ($untaint) {
|
|
$udir = $1 if $dir_loc =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
|
|
}
|
|
unless (chdir $udir) {
|
|
warn "Can't cd to $udir: $!\n";
|
|
next;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
$fullname = $dir_loc;
|
|
$name = $dir_name;
|
|
if ( substr($name,-2) eq '/.' ) {
|
|
$name =~ s|/\.$||;
|
|
}
|
|
$dir = $p_dir;
|
|
$_ = ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel);
|
|
if ( substr($_,-2) eq '/.' ) {
|
|
s|/\.$||;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
&$wanted_callback;
|
|
} else {
|
|
push @Stack,[$dir_loc, $pdir_loc, $p_dir, $dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
|
|
last;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
sub wrap_wanted {
|
|
my $wanted = shift;
|
|
if ( ref($wanted) eq 'HASH' ) {
|
|
if ( $wanted->{follow} || $wanted->{follow_fast}) {
|
|
$wanted->{follow_skip} = 1 unless defined $wanted->{follow_skip};
|
|
}
|
|
if ( $wanted->{untaint} ) {
|
|
$wanted->{untaint_pattern} = qr|^([-+@\w./]+)$|
|
|
unless defined $wanted->{untaint_pattern};
|
|
$wanted->{untaint_skip} = 0 unless defined $wanted->{untaint_skip};
|
|
}
|
|
return $wanted;
|
|
}
|
|
else {
|
|
return { wanted => $wanted };
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
sub find {
|
|
my $wanted = shift;
|
|
_find_opt(wrap_wanted($wanted), @_);
|
|
%SLnkSeen= (); # free memory
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
sub finddepth {
|
|
my $wanted = wrap_wanted(shift);
|
|
$wanted->{bydepth} = 1;
|
|
_find_opt($wanted, @_);
|
|
%SLnkSeen= (); # free memory
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# These are hard-coded for now, but may move to hint files.
|
|
if ($^O eq 'VMS') {
|
|
$Is_VMS = 1;
|
|
$File::Find::dont_use_nlink = 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$File::Find::dont_use_nlink = 1
|
|
if $^O eq 'os2' || $^O eq 'dos' || $^O eq 'amigaos' || $^O eq 'MSWin32';
|
|
|
|
# Set dont_use_nlink in your hint file if your system's stat doesn't
|
|
# report the number of links in a directory as an indication
|
|
# of the number of files.
|
|
# See, e.g. hints/machten.sh for MachTen 2.2.
|
|
unless ($File::Find::dont_use_nlink) {
|
|
require Config;
|
|
$File::Find::dont_use_nlink = 1 if ($Config::Config{'dont_use_nlink'});
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
1;
|