178 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
178 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (C) 2004 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
|
|
.\" Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2003 Internet Software Consortium.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
|
|
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
|
|
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
|
|
.\" REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
|
|
.\" AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
|
|
.\" INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
|
|
.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
|
|
.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
|
|
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $Id: named.8,v 1.17.208.3 2004/06/03 05:35:47 marka Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.TH "NAMED" "8" "June 30, 2000" "BIND9" ""
|
|
.SH NAME
|
|
named \- Internet domain name server
|
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
|
.sp
|
|
\fBnamed\fR [ \fB-4\fR ] [ \fB-6\fR ] [ \fB-c \fIconfig-file\fB\fR ] [ \fB-d \fIdebug-level\fB\fR ] [ \fB-f\fR ] [ \fB-g\fR ] [ \fB-n \fI#cpus\fB\fR ] [ \fB-p \fIport\fB\fR ] [ \fB-s\fR ] [ \fB-t \fIdirectory\fB\fR ] [ \fB-u \fIuser\fB\fR ] [ \fB-v\fR ] [ \fB-x \fIcache-file\fB\fR ]
|
|
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBnamed\fR is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
|
|
part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
|
|
information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When invoked without arguments, \fBnamed\fR will
|
|
read the default configuration file
|
|
\fI/etc/named.conf\fR, read any initial
|
|
data, and listen for queries.
|
|
.SH "OPTIONS"
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-4\fR
|
|
Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
|
|
\fB-4\fR and \fB-6\fR are mutually
|
|
exclusive.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-6\fR
|
|
Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
|
|
\fB-4\fR and \fB-6\fR are mutually
|
|
exclusive.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-c \fIconfig-file\fB\fR
|
|
Use \fIconfig-file\fR as the
|
|
configuration file instead of the default,
|
|
\fI/etc/named.conf\fR. To
|
|
ensure that reloading the configuration file continues
|
|
to work after the server has changed its working
|
|
directory due to to a possible
|
|
\fBdirectory\fR option in the configuration
|
|
file, \fIconfig-file\fR should be
|
|
an absolute pathname.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-d \fIdebug-level\fB\fR
|
|
Set the daemon's debug level to \fIdebug-level\fR.
|
|
Debugging traces from \fBnamed\fR become
|
|
more verbose as the debug level increases.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-f\fR
|
|
Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-g\fR
|
|
Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
|
|
to \fIstderr\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-n \fI#cpus\fB\fR
|
|
Create \fI#cpus\fR worker threads
|
|
to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
|
|
\fBnamed\fR will try to determine the
|
|
number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
|
|
If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
|
|
single worker thread will be created.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-p \fIport\fB\fR
|
|
Listen for queries on port \fIport\fR. If not
|
|
specified, the default is port 53.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-s\fR
|
|
Write memory usage statistics to \fIstdout\fR on exit.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RS
|
|
.B "Note:"
|
|
This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
|
|
and may be removed or changed in a future release.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-t \fIdirectory\fB\fR
|
|
\fBchroot()\fR to \fIdirectory\fR after
|
|
processing the command line arguments, but before
|
|
reading the configuration file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RS
|
|
.B "Warning:"
|
|
This option should be used in conjunction with the
|
|
\fB-u\fR option, as chrooting a process
|
|
running as root doesn't enhance security on most
|
|
systems; the way \fBchroot()\fR is
|
|
defined allows a process with root privileges to
|
|
escape a chroot jail.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-u \fIuser\fB\fR
|
|
\fBsetuid()\fR to \fIuser\fR after completing
|
|
privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
|
|
listen on privileged ports.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RS
|
|
.B "Note:"
|
|
On Linux, \fBnamed\fR uses the kernel's
|
|
capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
|
|
except the ability to \fBbind()\fR to a
|
|
privileged port and set process resource limits.
|
|
Unfortunately, this means that the \fB-u\fR
|
|
option only works when \fBnamed\fR is run
|
|
on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
|
|
later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
|
|
to be retained after \fBsetuid()\fR.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-v\fR
|
|
Report the version number and exit.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB-x \fIcache-file\fB\fR
|
|
Load data from \fIcache-file\fR into the
|
|
cache of the default view.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RS
|
|
.B "Warning:"
|
|
This option must not be used. It is only of interest
|
|
to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a
|
|
future release.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp
|
|
.SH "SIGNALS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
|
|
the nameserver; \fBrndc\fR should be used
|
|
instead.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fBSIGHUP\fR
|
|
Force a reload of the server.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fBSIGINT, SIGTERM\fR
|
|
Shut down the server.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "CONFIGURATION"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBnamed\fR configuration file is too complex
|
|
to describe in detail here. A complete description is
|
|
provided in the \fIBIND 9 Administrator Reference
|
|
Manual\fR.
|
|
.SH "FILES"
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\fI/etc/named.conf\fB\fR
|
|
The default configuration file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\fI/var/run/named.pid\fB\fR
|
|
The default process-id file.
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIRFC 1033\fR,
|
|
\fIRFC 1034\fR,
|
|
\fIRFC 1035\fR,
|
|
\fBrndc\fR(8),
|
|
\fBlwresd\fR(8),
|
|
\fIBIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual\fR.
|
|
.SH "AUTHOR"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Internet Systems Consortium
|