196 lines
5.5 KiB
Plaintext
196 lines
5.5 KiB
Plaintext
<!-- $Id: russian.sgml,v 1.3 1997/05/02 08:07:35 ache Exp $ -->
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<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
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<sect><heading>Russian Language (KOI8-R encoding)<label id="russian"></heading>
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<p><em>Contributed by &a.ache;<newline>
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1 May 1997</em>.
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<p>See more info about KOI8-R encoding at
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<htmlurl url="http://www.nagual.pp.ru/~ache/koi8.html"
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name="KOI8-R References (Russian Net Character Set)">.
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<sect1><heading>Console Setup<label id="russian:console"></heading>
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<p>
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<enum>
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<item>Russian console entry in <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt> should looks like
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<verb>
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keymap=ru.koi8-r
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keychange="61 ^[[K"
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scrnmap=koi8-r2cp866
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font8x16=cp866b-8x16
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font8x14=cp866-8x14
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font8x8=cp866-8x8
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</verb>
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<p>
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<it>NOTE:</it> ^[ means that real ESC character must be entered into
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<tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt>,
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not just ^[ string.
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<p>
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This tuning means KOI8-R keyboard with Alternative
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screen font mapped to KOI8-R encoding to
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preserve pseudographics, <it>Gray Delete</it> key remapped to match Russian
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<tt>termcap(5)</tt> entry for FreeBSD console.
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<p>
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RUS/LAT switch will be <bf>CapsLock</bf>. Old CapsLock function still
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available via <bf>Shift+CapsLock</bf>. CapsLock LED will
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indicate RUS mode, not CapsLock mode.
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<item>For each <tt>ttyv?</tt> entry in <tt>/etc/ttys</tt>
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change terminal type from <tt>cons25</tt> to
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<tt>cons25r</tt>, i.e. each entry should looks like
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<verb>
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ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25r on secure
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</verb>
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</enum>
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<sect1><heading>Locale Setup<label id="russian:locale"></heading>
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<p><label id="russian:env">
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There is two environment variables for locale setup:
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<itemize>
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<item><tt>LANG</tt>
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for POSIX <tt>setlocale(3)</tt> family functions;
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<item><tt>MM_CHARSET</tt>
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for applications MIME chararter set.
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</itemize>
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<p>
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The best way is using <tt>/etc/login.conf</tt>
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<tt>russian</tt> user's login class
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in <tt>passwd(5)</tt> entry login class position.
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See <tt>login.conf(5)</tt> for details.
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<sect2><heading>Login Class Method<label id="russian:class"></heading>
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<p>
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First of all check your <tt>/etc/login.conf</tt> have
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<tt>russian</tt> login class, this entry may looks like:
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<verb>
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russian:Russian Users Accounts:\
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:charset=KOI8-R:\
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:lang=ru_RU.KOI8-R:\
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:tc=default:
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</verb>
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<sect3><heading>How to do it with vipw(8)</heading>
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<p>
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If you use <tt>vipw(8)</tt> for adding new users,
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<tt>/etc/master.passwd</tt>
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entry should looks like:
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<verb>
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user:password:1111:11:russian:0:0:User Name:/home/user:/bin/csh
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</verb>
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<sect3><heading>How to do it with adduser(8)</heading>
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<p>
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If you use <tt>adduser(8)</tt> for adding new users:
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<itemize>
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<item>Set
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<verb>
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defaultclass = russian
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</verb>
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in <tt>/etc/adduser.conf</tt>
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(you must enter <tt>default</tt> class for all non-Russian
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users in this case);
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<newline><newline>
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<item>Alternative variant will be answering <tt>russian</tt>
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each time when you see
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<verb>
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Enter login class: default []:
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</verb>
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prompt from <tt>adduser(8)</tt>;
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<newline><newline>
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<item>Another variant: call
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<verb>
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# adduser -class russian
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</verb>
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for each Russian user you want to add.
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</itemize>
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<sect3><heading>How to do it with pw(8)</heading>
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<p>
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If you use <tt>pw(8)</tt> for adding new users, call it in this form:
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<verb>
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# pw useradd user_name -L russian
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</verb>
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<sect2><heading>Shell Startup Files Method</heading>
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<p>
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If you don't want to use
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<ref id="russian:class" name="login class method">
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for some reasons, just set
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this
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<ref id="russian:env" name="two environment variables">
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in the following shell startup files:
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<itemize>
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<item><tt>/etc/profile</tt>:
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<verb>
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LANG=ru_RU.KOI8-R; export LANG
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MM_CHARSET=KOI8-R; export MM_CHARSET
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</verb>
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<item><tt>/etc/csh.login</tt>:
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<verb>
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setenv LANG ru_RU.KOI8-R
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setenv MM_CHARSET KOI8-R
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</verb>
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</itemize>
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<p>
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Alternatively you can add this instructions to
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<itemize>
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<item><tt>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</tt>:
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<p>
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(similar to <tt>/etc/profile</tt> above);
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<item><tt>/usr/share/skel/dot.login</tt>:
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<p>
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(similar to <tt>/etc/csh.login</tt> above).
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</itemize>
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<sect1><heading>X Window Setup<label id="russian:xwindow"></heading>
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<p>
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Step by step instructions:
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<enum>
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<item>Do
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<ref id="russian:locale" name="locale setup"> first as described.
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<p>
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<it>NOTE:</it><label id="russian:note">
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Russian KOI8-R locale may not work with old XFree86 versions
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(lower than 3.2.1 + locale/keyboard patches).
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XFree86 port from <tt>/usr/ports/x11/XFree86</tt> already have
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all neccessary patches, so it will work, if you install XFree86
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from this port.
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Basically, XFree86 version shipped with latest FreeBSD distribution should
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work too unless somebody forget to apply port patches to it.
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<item>Go to <tt>/usr/ports/russian/X.language</tt> directory and say
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<verb>
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# make all install
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</verb>
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there. This port install latest version of KOI8-R fonts.
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<p>
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Check find <tt>"Files"</tt> section in your <tt>/etc/XF86Config</tt>,
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following lines must be before any other <tt>FontPath</tt> entries:
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<verb>
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FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/misc"
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FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/75dpi"
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FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/100dpi"
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</verb>
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<p>
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If you use high resolution video mode, swap 75 dpi and
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100 dpi lines.
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<item>To activate Russian keyboard add
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<verb>
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XkbKeymap "xfree86(ru)"
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</verb>
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line into <tt>"Keyboard"</tt> section in your <tt>/etc/XF86Config</tt>,
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also make sure that <tt>XkbDisable</tt> is turned off (commented out)
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there.
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<p>
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RUS/LAT switch will be <bf>CapsLock</bf>. Old CapsLock function still
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available via <bf>Shift+CapsLock</bf> (in LAT mode only).
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<p>
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<it>NOTE:</it>
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Russian XKB keyboard may not work with old XFree86 versions,
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see <ref id="russian:note" name="locale note"> for more info.
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</enum>
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