fbbd9655e5
Renumber cluase 4 to 3, per what everybody else did when BSD granted them permission to remove clause 3. My insistance on keeping the same numbering for legal reasons is too pedantic, so give up on that point. Submitted by: Jan Schaumann <jschauma@stevens.edu> Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/pull/96
327 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
327 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
.\"-
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.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)cp.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd June 6, 2015
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.Dt CP 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm cp
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.Nd copy files
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Oo
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.Fl R
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.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
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.Oc
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.Op Fl f | i | n
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.Op Fl alpsvx
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.Ar source_file target_file
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.Nm
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.Oo
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.Fl R
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.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
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.Oc
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.Op Fl f | i | n
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.Op Fl alpsvx
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.Ar source_file ... target_directory
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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In the first synopsis form, the
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.Nm
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utility copies the contents of the
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.Ar source_file
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to the
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.Ar target_file .
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In the second synopsis form,
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the contents of each named
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.Ar source_file
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is copied to the destination
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.Ar target_directory .
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The names of the files themselves are not changed.
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If
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.Nm
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detects an attempt to copy a file to itself, the copy will fail.
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.Pp
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width flag
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.It Fl H
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If the
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.Fl R
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option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed.
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(Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.)
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.It Fl L
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If the
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.Fl R
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option is specified, all symbolic links are followed.
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.It Fl P
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If the
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.Fl R
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option is specified, no symbolic links are followed.
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This is the default.
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.It Fl R
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If
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.Ar source_file
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designates a directory,
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.Nm
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copies the directory and the entire subtree connected at that point.
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If the
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.Ar source_file
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ends in a
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.Pa / ,
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the contents of the directory are copied rather than the
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directory itself.
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This option also causes symbolic links to be copied, rather than
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indirected through, and for
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.Nm
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to create special files rather than copying them as normal files.
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Created directories have the same mode as the corresponding source
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directory, unmodified by the process' umask.
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.Pp
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Note that
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.Nm
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copies hard linked files as separate files.
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If you need to preserve hard links, consider using
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.Xr tar 1 ,
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.Xr cpio 1 ,
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or
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.Xr pax 1
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instead.
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.It Fl a
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Archive mode.
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Same as
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.Fl RpP .
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.It Fl f
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For each existing destination pathname, remove it and
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create a new file, without prompting for confirmation
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regardless of its permissions.
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(The
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.Fl f
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option overrides any previous
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.Fl i
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or
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.Fl n
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options.)
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.It Fl i
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Cause
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.Nm
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to write a prompt to the standard error output before copying a file
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that would overwrite an existing file.
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If the response from the standard input begins with the character
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.Sq Li y
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or
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.Sq Li Y ,
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the file copy is attempted.
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(The
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.Fl i
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option overrides any previous
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.Fl f
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or
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.Fl n
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options.)
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.It Fl l
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Create hard links to regular files in a hierarchy instead of copying.
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.It Fl n
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Do not overwrite an existing file.
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(The
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.Fl n
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option overrides any previous
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.Fl f
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or
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.Fl i
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options.)
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.It Fl p
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Cause
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.Nm
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to preserve the following attributes of each source
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file in the copy: modification time, access time,
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file flags, file mode, ACL, user ID, and group ID, as allowed by permissions.
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.Pp
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If the user ID and group ID cannot be preserved, no error message
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is displayed and the exit value is not altered.
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.Pp
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If the source file has its set-user-ID bit on and the user ID cannot
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be preserved, the set-user-ID bit is not preserved
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in the copy's permissions.
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If the source file has its set-group-ID bit on and the group ID cannot
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be preserved, the set-group-ID bit is not preserved
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in the copy's permissions.
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If the source file has both its set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits on,
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and either the user ID or group ID cannot be preserved, neither
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the set-user-ID nor set-group-ID bits are preserved in the copy's
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permissions.
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.It Fl s
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Create symbolic links to regular files in a hierarchy instead of copying.
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.It Fl v
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Cause
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.Nm
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to be verbose, showing files as they are copied.
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.It Fl x
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File system mount points are not traversed.
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.El
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.Pp
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For each destination file that already exists, its contents are
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overwritten if permissions allow.
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Its mode, user ID, and group
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ID are unchanged unless the
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.Fl p
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option was specified.
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.Pp
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In the second synopsis form,
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.Ar target_directory
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must exist unless there is only one named
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.Ar source_file
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which is a directory and the
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.Fl R
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flag is specified.
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.Pp
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If the destination file does not exist, the mode of the source file is
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used as modified by the file mode creation mask
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.Pf ( Ic umask ,
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see
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.Xr csh 1 ) .
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If the source file has its set-user-ID bit on, that bit is removed
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unless both the source file and the destination file are owned by the
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same user.
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If the source file has its set-group-ID bit on, that bit is removed
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unless both the source file and the destination file are in the same
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group and the user is a member of that group.
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If both the set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits are set, all of the above
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conditions must be fulfilled or both bits are removed.
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.Pp
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Appropriate permissions are required for file creation or overwriting.
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.Pp
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Symbolic links are always followed unless the
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.Fl R
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flag is set, in which case symbolic links are not followed, by default.
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The
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.Fl H
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or
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.Fl L
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flags (in conjunction with the
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.Fl R
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flag) cause symbolic links to be followed as described above.
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The
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.Fl H ,
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.Fl L
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and
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.Fl P
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options are ignored unless the
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.Fl R
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option is specified.
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In addition, these options override each other and the
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command's actions are determined by the last one specified.
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.Pp
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If
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.Nm
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receives a
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.Dv SIGINFO
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(see the
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.Cm status
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argument for
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.Xr stty 1 )
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signal, the current input and output file and the percentage complete
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will be written to the standard output.
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Make a copy of file
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.Pa foo
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named
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.Pa bar :
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.Pp
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.Dl $ cp foo bar
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.Pp
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Copy a group of files to the
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.Pa /tmp
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directory:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ cp *.txt /tmp
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.Pp
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Copy the directory
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.Pa junk
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and all of its contents (including any subdirectories) to the
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.Pa /tmp
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directory:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ cp -R junk /tmp
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.Sh COMPATIBILITY
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Historic versions of the
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.Nm
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utility had a
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.Fl r
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option.
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This implementation supports that option, however, its behavior
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is different from historical
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.Fx
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behavior.
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Use of this option
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is strongly discouraged as the behavior is
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implementation-dependent.
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In
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.Fx ,
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.Fl r
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is a synonym for
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.Fl RL
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and works the same unless modified by other flags.
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Historical implementations
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of
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.Fl r
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differ as they copy special files as normal
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files while recreating a hierarchy.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl l,
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.Fl s,
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.Fl v,
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.Fl x
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and
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.Fl n
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options are non-standard and their use in scripts is not recommended.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mv 1 ,
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.Xr rcp 1 ,
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.Xr umask 2 ,
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.Xr fts 3 ,
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.Xr symlink 7
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm
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command is expected to be
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.St -p1003.2
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compatible.
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.At v1 .
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