312 lines
10 KiB
Groff
312 lines
10 KiB
Groff
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "DGST 1"
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.TH DGST 1 "2015-07-09" "1.0.1p" "OpenSSL"
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.if n .ad l
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.nh
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.SH "NAME"
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dgst, sha, sha1, mdc2, ripemd160, sha224, sha256, sha384, sha512, md2, md4, md5, dss1 \- message digests
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBdgst\fR
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[\fB\-sha|\-sha1|\-mdc2|\-ripemd160|\-sha224|\-sha256|\-sha384|\-sha512|\-md2|\-md4|\-md5|\-dss1\fR]
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[\fB\-c\fR]
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[\fB\-d\fR]
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[\fB\-hex\fR]
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[\fB\-binary\fR]
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[\fB\-r\fR]
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[\fB\-hmac arg\fR]
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[\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR]
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[\fB\-out filename\fR]
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[\fB\-sign filename\fR]
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[\fB\-keyform arg\fR]
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[\fB\-passin arg\fR]
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[\fB\-verify filename\fR]
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[\fB\-prverify filename\fR]
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[\fB\-signature filename\fR]
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[\fB\-hmac key\fR]
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[\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR]
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[\fB\-fips\-fingerprint\fR]
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[\fBfile...\fR]
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.PP
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\&\fBopenssl\fR
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[\fIdigest\fR]
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[\fB...\fR]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The digest functions output the message digest of a supplied file or files
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in hexadecimal. The digest functions also generate and verify digital
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signatures using message digests.
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.IX Header "OPTIONS"
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.IP "\fB\-c\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-c"
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print out the digest in two digit groups separated by colons, only relevant if
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\&\fBhex\fR format output is used.
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.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-d"
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print out \s-1BIO\s0 debugging information.
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.IP "\fB\-hex\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-hex"
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digest is to be output as a hex dump. This is the default case for a \*(L"normal\*(R"
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digest as opposed to a digital signature. See \s-1NOTES\s0 below for digital
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signatures using \fB\-hex\fR.
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.IP "\fB\-binary\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-binary"
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output the digest or signature in binary form.
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.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-r"
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output the digest in the \*(L"coreutils\*(R" format used by programs like \fBsha1sum\fR.
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.IP "\fB\-hmac arg\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-hmac arg"
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set the \s-1HMAC\s0 key to \*(L"arg\*(R".
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.IP "\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-non-fips-allow"
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Allow use of non \s-1FIPS\s0 digest when in \s-1FIPS\s0 mode. This has no effect when not in
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\&\s-1FIPS\s0 mode.
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.IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-out filename"
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filename to output to, or standard output by default.
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.IP "\fB\-sign filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-sign filename"
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digitally sign the digest using the private key in \*(L"filename\*(R".
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.IP "\fB\-keyform arg\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-keyform arg"
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Specifies the key format to sign digest with. The \s-1DER, PEM, P12,\s0
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and \s-1ENGINE\s0 formats are supported.
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.IP "\fB\-engine id\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-engine id"
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Use engine \fBid\fR for operations (including private key storage).
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This engine is not used as source for digest algorithms, unless it is
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also specified in the configuration file.
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.IP "\fB\-sigopt nm:v\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-sigopt nm:v"
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Pass options to the signature algorithm during sign or verify operations.
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Names and values of these options are algorithm-specific.
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.IP "\fB\-passin arg\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-passin arg"
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the private key password source. For more information about the format of \fBarg\fR
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see the \fB\s-1PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS\s0\fR section in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-verify filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-verify filename"
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verify the signature using the public key in \*(L"filename\*(R".
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The output is either \*(L"Verification \s-1OK\*(R"\s0 or \*(L"Verification Failure\*(R".
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.IP "\fB\-prverify filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-prverify filename"
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verify the signature using the private key in \*(L"filename\*(R".
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.IP "\fB\-signature filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-signature filename"
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the actual signature to verify.
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.IP "\fB\-hmac key\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-hmac key"
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create a hashed \s-1MAC\s0 using \*(L"key\*(R".
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.IP "\fB\-mac alg\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-mac alg"
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create \s-1MAC \s0(keyed Message Authentication Code). The most popular \s-1MAC\s0
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algorithm is \s-1HMAC \s0(hash-based \s-1MAC\s0), but there are other \s-1MAC\s0 algorithms
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which are not based on hash, for instance \fBgost-mac\fR algorithm,
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supported by \fBccgost\fR engine. \s-1MAC\s0 keys and other options should be set
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via \fB\-macopt\fR parameter.
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.IP "\fB\-macopt nm:v\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-macopt nm:v"
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Passes options to \s-1MAC\s0 algorithm, specified by \fB\-mac\fR key.
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Following options are supported by both by \fB\s-1HMAC\s0\fR and \fBgost-mac\fR:
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.RS 4
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.IP "\fBkey:string\fR" 8
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.IX Item "key:string"
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Specifies \s-1MAC\s0 key as alphnumeric string (use if key contain printable
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characters only). String length must conform to any restrictions of
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the \s-1MAC\s0 algorithm for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
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.IP "\fBhexkey:string\fR" 8
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.IX Item "hexkey:string"
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Specifies \s-1MAC\s0 key in hexadecimal form (two hex digits per byte).
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Key length must conform to any restrictions of the \s-1MAC\s0 algorithm
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for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
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.RE
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.RS 4
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.RE
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.IP "\fB\-rand file(s)\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-rand file(s)"
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a file or files containing random data used to seed the random number
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generator, or an \s-1EGD\s0 socket (see \fIRAND_egd\fR\|(3)).
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Multiple files can be specified separated by a OS-dependent character.
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The separator is \fB;\fR for MS-Windows, \fB,\fR for OpenVMS, and \fB:\fR for
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all others.
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.IP "\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-non-fips-allow"
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enable use of non-FIPS algorithms such as \s-1MD5\s0 even in \s-1FIPS\s0 mode.
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.IP "\fB\-fips\-fingerprint\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-fips-fingerprint"
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compute \s-1HMAC\s0 using a specific key
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for certain OpenSSL-FIPS operations.
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.IP "\fBfile...\fR" 4
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.IX Item "file..."
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file or files to digest. If no files are specified then standard input is
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used.
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.SH "EXAMPLES"
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.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
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To create a hex-encoded message digest of a file:
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openssl dgst \-md5 \-hex file.txt
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.PP
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To sign a file using \s-1SHA\-256\s0 with binary file output:
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openssl dgst \-sha256 \-sign privatekey.pem \-out signature.sign file.txt
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.PP
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To verify a signature:
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openssl dgst \-sha256 \-verify publickey.pem \e
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\-signature signature.sign \e
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file.txt
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.SH "NOTES"
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.IX Header "NOTES"
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The digest of choice for all new applications is \s-1SHA1.\s0 Other digests are
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however still widely used.
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.PP
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When signing a file, \fBdgst\fR will automatically determine the algorithm
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(\s-1RSA, ECC,\s0 etc) to use for signing based on the private key's \s-1ASN.1\s0 info.
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When verifying signatures, it only handles the \s-1RSA, DSA,\s0 or \s-1ECDSA\s0 signature
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itself, not the related data to identify the signer and algorithm used in
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formats such as x.509, \s-1CMS,\s0 and S/MIME.
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.PP
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A source of random numbers is required for certain signing algorithms, in
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particular \s-1ECDSA\s0 and \s-1DSA.\s0
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.PP
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The signing and verify options should only be used if a single file is
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being signed or verified.
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.PP
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Hex signatures cannot be verified using \fBopenssl\fR. Instead, use \*(L"xxd \-r\*(R"
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or similar program to transform the hex signature into a binary signature
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prior to verification.
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