341 lines
7.7 KiB
Groff
341 lines
7.7 KiB
Groff
.\" $Id: tbl.7,v 1.18 2013/09/16 22:39:19 schwarze Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
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.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: September 16 2013 $
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.Dt TBL 7
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm tbl
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.Nd tbl language reference for mandoc
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm tbl
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language is a table-formatting language.
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It is used within
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.Xr mdoc 7
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and
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.Xr man 7
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.Ux
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manual pages.
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This manual describes the subset of the
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.Nm
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language accepted by the
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.Xr mandoc 1
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utility.
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.Pp
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Tables within
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.Xr mdoc 7
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or
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.Xr man 7
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are enclosed by the
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.Sq TS
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and
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.Sq TE
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macro tags, whose precise syntax is documented in
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.Xr roff 7 .
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Tables consist of a series of options on a single line, followed by the
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table layout, followed by data.
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.Pp
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For example, the following creates a boxed table with digits centred in
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the cells.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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\&.TS
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tab(:) box;
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c5 c5 c5.
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1:2:3
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4:5:6
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\&.TE
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.Ed
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.Pp
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When formatted, the following output is produced:
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.Bd -filled -offset indent -compact
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.TS
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tab(:) box;
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c5 c5 c5.
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1:2:3
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4:5:6
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.TE
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.Ed
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.Sh TABLE STRUCTURE
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Tables are enclosed by the
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.Sq TS
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and
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.Sq TE
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.Xr roff 7
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macros.
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A table consists of an optional single line of table
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.Sx Options
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terminated by a semicolon, followed by one or more lines of
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.Sx Layout
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specifications terminated by a period, then
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.Sx Data .
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All input must be 7-bit ASCII.
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Example:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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\&.TS
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box tab(:);
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c | c
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| c | c.
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1:2
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3:4
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\&.TE
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Table data is
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.Em pre-processed ,
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that is, data rows are parsed then inserted into the underlying stream
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of input data.
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This allows data rows to be interspersed by arbitrary
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.Xr roff 7 ,
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.Xr mdoc 7 ,
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and
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.Xr man 7
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macros such as
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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\&.TS
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tab(:);
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c c c.
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1:2:3
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\&.Ao
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3:2:1
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\&.Ac
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\&.TE
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.Ed
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.Pp
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in the case of
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.Xr mdoc 7
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or
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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\&.TS
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tab(:);
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c c c.
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\&.ds ab 2
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1:\e*(ab:3
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\&.I
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3:2:1
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\&.TE
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.Ed
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.Pp
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in the case of
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.Xr man 7 .
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.Ss Options
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The first line of a table consists of space-separated option keys and
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modifiers terminated by a semicolon.
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If the first line does not have a terminating semicolon, it is assumed
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that no options are specified and instead a
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.Sx Layout
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is processed.
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Some options accept arguments enclosed by parenthesis.
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The following case-insensitive options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Cm center
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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This may also be invoked with
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.Cm centre .
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.It Cm delim
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Accepts a two-character argument.
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.It Cm expand
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.It Cm box
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Draw a single-line box around the table.
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This may also be invoked with
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.Cm frame .
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.It Cm doublebox
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Draw a double-line box around the table.
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This may also be invoked with
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.Cm doubleframe .
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.It Cm allbox
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.It Cm tab
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Accepts a single-character argument.
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This character is used as a delimiter between data cells, which otherwise
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defaults to the tab character.
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.It Cm linesize
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Accepts a natural number (all digits).
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.It Cm nokeep
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.It Cm decimalpoint
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Accepts a single-character argument.
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This character will be used as the decimal point with the
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.Cm n
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layout key.
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.It Cm nospaces
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.El
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.Ss Layout
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The table layout follows
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.Sx Options
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or a
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.Sq \&T&
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macro invocation.
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Layout specifies how data rows are displayed on output.
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Each layout line corresponds to a line of data; the last layout line
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applies to all remaining data lines.
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Layout lines may also be separated by a comma.
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Each layout cell consists of one of the following case-insensitive keys:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Cm c
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Centre a literal string within its column.
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.It Cm r
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Right-justify a literal string within its column.
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.It Cm l
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Left-justify a literal string within its column.
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.It Cm n
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Justify a number around its last decimal point.
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If the decimal point is not found on the number, it's assumed to trail
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the number.
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.It Cm s
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Horizontally span columns from the last
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.No non- Ns Cm s
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data cell.
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It is an error if spanning columns follow a
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.Cm \-
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or
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.Cm \(ba
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cell, or come first.
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This option is not supported by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.It Cm a
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Left-justify a literal string and pad with one space.
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.It Cm ^
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Vertically span rows from the last
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.No non- Ns Cm ^
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data cell.
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It is an error to invoke a vertical span on the first layout row.
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Unlike a horizontal spanner, you must specify an empty cell (if it not
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empty, the data is discarded) in the corresponding data cell.
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.It Cm \-
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Replace the data cell (its contents will be lost) with a single
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horizontal line.
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This may also be invoked with
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.Cm _ .
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.It Cm =
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Replace the data cell (its contents will be lost) with a double
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horizontal line.
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.It Cm \(ba
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Emit a vertical bar instead of data.
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.It Cm \(ba\(ba
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Emit a double-vertical bar instead of data.
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.El
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.Pp
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Keys may be followed by a set of modifiers.
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A modifier is either a modifier key or a natural number for specifying
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the minimum width of a column.
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The following case-insensitive modifier keys are available:
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.Cm z ,
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.Cm u ,
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.Cm e ,
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.Cm t ,
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.Cm d ,
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.Cm b ,
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.Cm i ,
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.Cm r ,
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and
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.Cm f
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.Po
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followed by
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.Cm b ,
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.Cm i ,
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.Cm r ,
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.Cm 3 ,
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.Cm 2 ,
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or
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.Cm 1
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.Pc .
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All of these are ignored by
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.Xr mandoc 1 .
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.Pp
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For example, the following layout specifies a centre-justified column of
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minimum width 10, followed by vertical bar, followed by a left-justified
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column of minimum width 10, another vertical bar, then a column
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justified about the decimal point in numbers:
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.Pp
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.Dl c10 | l10 | n
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.Ss Data
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The data section follows the last layout row.
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By default, cells in a data section are delimited by a tab.
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This behaviour may be changed with the
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.Cm tab
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option.
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If
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.Cm _
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or
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.Cm =
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is specified, a single or double line, respectively, is drawn across the
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data field.
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If
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.Cm \e-
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or
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.Cm \e=
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is specified, a line is drawn within the data field (i.e. terminating
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within the cell and not draw to the border).
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If the last cell of a line is
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.Cm T{ ,
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all subsequent lines are included as part of the cell until
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.Cm T}
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is specified as its own data cell.
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It may then be followed by a tab
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.Pq or as designated by Cm tab
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or an end-of-line to terminate the row.
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.Sh COMPATIBILITY
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This section documents compatibility between mandoc and other
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.Nm
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implementations, at this time limited to GNU tbl.
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.Pp
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.Bl -dash -compact
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.It
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In GNU tbl, comments and macros are disallowed prior to the data block
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of a table.
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The
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.Xr mandoc 1
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implementation allows them.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mandoc 1 ,
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.Xr man 7 ,
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.Xr mandoc_char 7 ,
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.Xr mdoc 7 ,
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.Xr roff 7
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.Rs
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.%A M. E. Lesk
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.%T Tbl\(emA Program to Format Tables
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.%D June 11, 1976
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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The tbl utility, a preprocessor for troff, was originally written by M.
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E. Lesk at Bell Labs in 1975.
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The GNU reimplementation of tbl, part of the groff package, was released
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in 1990 by James Clark.
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A standalone tbl implementation was written by Kristaps Dzonsons in
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2010.
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This formed the basis of the implementation that is part of the
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.Xr mandoc 1
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utility.
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.Sh AUTHORS
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This
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.Nm
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reference was written by
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.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .
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