freebsd-nq/share/man/man9/random_harvest.9
Mark Murray d1b06863fb Huge cleanup of random(4) code.
* GENERAL
- Update copyright.
- Make kernel options for RANDOM_YARROW and RANDOM_DUMMY. Set
  neither to ON, which means we want Fortuna
- If there is no 'device random' in the kernel, there will be NO
  random(4) device in the kernel, and the KERN_ARND sysctl will
  return nothing. With RANDOM_DUMMY there will be a random(4) that
  always blocks.
- Repair kern.arandom (KERN_ARND sysctl). The old version went
  through arc4random(9) and was a bit weird.
- Adjust arc4random stirring a bit - the existing code looks a little
  suspect.
- Fix the nasty pre- and post-read overloading by providing explictit
  functions to do these tasks.
- Redo read_random(9) so as to duplicate random(4)'s read internals.
  This makes it a first-class citizen rather than a hack.
- Move stuff out of locked regions when it does not need to be
  there.
- Trim RANDOM_DEBUG printfs. Some are excess to requirement, some
  behind boot verbose.
- Use SYSINIT to sequence the startup.
- Fix init/deinit sysctl stuff.
- Make relevant sysctls also tunables.
- Add different harvesting "styles" to allow for different requirements
  (direct, queue, fast).
- Add harvesting of FFS atime events. This needs to be checked for
  weighing down the FS code.
- Add harvesting of slab allocator events. This needs to be checked for
  weighing down the allocator code.
- Fix the random(9) manpage.
- Loadable modules are not present for now. These will be re-engineered
  when the dust settles.
- Use macros for locks.
- Fix comments.

* src/share/man/...
- Update the man pages.

* src/etc/...
- The startup/shutdown work is done in D2924.

* src/UPDATING
- Add UPDATING announcement.

* src/sys/dev/random/build.sh
- Add copyright.
- Add libz for unit tests.

* src/sys/dev/random/dummy.c
- Remove; no longer needed. Functionality incorporated into randomdev.*.

* live_entropy_sources.c live_entropy_sources.h
- Remove; content moved.
- move content to randomdev.[ch] and optimise.

* src/sys/dev/random/random_adaptors.c src/sys/dev/random/random_adaptors.h
- Remove; plugability is no longer used. Compile-time algorithm
  selection is the way to go.

* src/sys/dev/random/random_harvestq.c src/sys/dev/random/random_harvestq.h
- Add early (re)boot-time randomness caching.

* src/sys/dev/random/randomdev_soft.c src/sys/dev/random/randomdev_soft.h
- Remove; no longer needed.

* src/sys/dev/random/uint128.h
- Provide a fake uint128_t; if a real one ever arrived, we can use
  that instead. All that is needed here is N=0, N++, N==0, and some
  localised trickery is used to manufacture a 128-bit 0ULLL.

* src/sys/dev/random/unit_test.c src/sys/dev/random/unit_test.h
- Improve unit tests; previously the testing human needed clairvoyance;
  now the test will do a basic check of compressibility. Clairvoyant
  talent is still a good idea.
- This is still a long way off a proper unit test.

* src/sys/dev/random/fortuna.c src/sys/dev/random/fortuna.h
- Improve messy union to just uint128_t.
- Remove unneeded 'static struct fortuna_start_cache'.
- Tighten up up arithmetic.
- Provide a method to allow eternal junk to be introduced; harden
  it against blatant by compress/hashing.
- Assert that locks are held correctly.
- Fix the nasty pre- and post-read overloading by providing explictit
  functions to do these tasks.
- Turn into self-sufficient module (no longer requires randomdev_soft.[ch])

* src/sys/dev/random/yarrow.c src/sys/dev/random/yarrow.h
- Improve messy union to just uint128_t.
- Remove unneeded 'staic struct start_cache'.
- Tighten up up arithmetic.
- Provide a method to allow eternal junk to be introduced; harden
  it against blatant by compress/hashing.
- Assert that locks are held correctly.
- Fix the nasty pre- and post-read overloading by providing explictit
  functions to do these tasks.
- Turn into self-sufficient module (no longer requires randomdev_soft.[ch])
- Fix some magic numbers elsewhere used as FAST and SLOW.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D2025
Reviewed by: vsevolod,delphij,rwatson,trasz,jmg
Approved by: so (delphij)
2015-06-30 17:00:45 +00:00

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Groff

.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2015 Mark R V Murray
.\" All rights reserved.
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.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd June 30, 2015
.Dt RANDOM_HARVEST 9
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm random_harvest
.Nd gather entropy from the kernel for the entropy device
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/types.h
.In sys/random.h
.Ft void
.Fo random_harvest_direct
.Fa "void *entropy"
.Fa "u_int size"
.Fa "u_int bits"
.Fa "enum esource source"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo random_harvest_fast
.Fa "void *entropy"
.Fa "u_int size"
.Fa "u_int bits"
.Fa "enum esource source"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo random_harvest_queue
.Fa "void *entropy"
.Fa "u_int size"
.Fa "u_int bits"
.Fa "enum esource source"
.Fc
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn random_harvest_*
functions are used by device drivers
and other kernel processes to pass data
that is considered (at least partially) stochastic
to the entropy device.
.Pp
The caller should pass
a pointer pointing to the
.Dq random
data in
.Fa entropy .
The argument
.Fa size
contains the number of bytes pointed to.
The
.Fa source
is chosen from one of
the values enumerated in
.Pa sys/dev/random.h .
and is used to indicate the source of the entropy.
.Pp
The
.Fo random_harvest_direct
.Fc
variant is used
for early harvesting
before any multitasking
is enabled.
.Pp
The
.Fn random_harvest_fast
variant is used
by sources that
should not take
a performance hit
from harvesting,
as they are high-rate
sources.
Some entropy is sacrificed,
but the hig rate of supply
will compensate for this.
.Pp
The
.Fn random_harvest_queue
variant is used
for general harvesting
and is the default
choice for most entropy sources
such as interrupts
or console events.
.Pp
The
.Fa bits
argument is only used
by the deprecated Yarrow algorithm.
For compatibility,
the caller should
.Em "very conservatively"
estimate the number of random bits
in the sample,
and pass this in
.Fa bits .
.Pp
Interrupt harvesting has been
in part simplified simplified
for the kernel programmer.
If a device driver registers an interrupt handler
with
.Xr BUS_SETUP_INTR 9
or
.Xr bus_setup_intr 9 ,
then it is only necessary to
include the
.Dv INTR_ENTROPY
bit in the
.Fa flags
argument to have that interrupt source
be used for entropy harvesting.
This should be done wherever practicable.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr random 4 ,
.Xr BUS_SETUP_INTR 9
.Sh AUTHORS
The
.Fx
.Xr random 4
entropy device and supporting documentation was written by
.An Mark R V Murray .