302 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
302 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2013 Peter Grehan
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd December 12, 2013
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.Dt BHYVE 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm bhyve
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.Nd "run a guest operating system inside a virtual machine"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl aehwAHPW
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.Op Fl c Ar numcpus
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.Op Fl g Ar gdbport
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.Op Fl p Ar pinnedcpu
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.Op Fl s Ar slot,emulation Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
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.Op Fl S Ar slot,emulation Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
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.Op Fl l Ar lpcdev Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
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.Ar vmname
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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is an experimental hypervisor that runs guest operating systems inside a
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virtual machine.
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.Pp
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Parameters such as the number of virtual CPUs, amount of guest memory, and
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I/O connectivity can be specified with command-line parameters.
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.Pp
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The guest operating system must be loaded with
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.Xr bhyveload 4
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or a similar boot loader before running
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.Nm .
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.Pp
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.Nm
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runs until the guest operating system reboots or an unhandled hypervisor
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exit is detected.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Fl a
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Disallow use of the local APIC in X2APIC mode.
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.It Fl A
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Generate ACPI tables.
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Required for
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.Fx Ns /amd64
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guests.
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.It Fl c Ar numcpus
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Number of guest virtual CPUs.
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The default is 1 and the maximum is 16.
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.It Fl H
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Yield the virtual CPU thread when a HLT instruction is detected.
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If this option is not specified, virtual CPUs will use 100% of a host CPU.
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.It Fl g Ar gdbport
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For
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.Fx Ns /amd64 kernels compiled with
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.Cd "option bvmdebug" ,
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allow a remote kernel kgdb to be relayed to the guest kernel gdb stub
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via a local IPv4 address and this port.
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This option will be deprecated in a future version.
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.It Fl p Ar pinnedcpu
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Force guest virtual CPUs to be pinned to host CPUs.
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Virtual CPU
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.Em n
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is pinned to host CPU
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.Em pinnedcpu+n .
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.It Fl P
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Force the guest virtual CPU to exit when a PAUSE instruction is detected.
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.It Fl W
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Force virtio PCI device emulations to use MSI interrupts instead of MSI-X
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interrupts.
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.It Fl s Ar slot,emulation Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
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Configure a virtual PCI slot and function.
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.Pp
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.Nm bhyve
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provides PCI bus emulation and virtual devices that can be attached to
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slots on the bus.
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There are 32 available slots, with the option of providing up to 8 functions
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per slot.
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Ar slot
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.Ar pcislot Ns Op Ar :function
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.Pp
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The
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.Ar pcislot
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value is 0 to 31 and the optional function value is 0 to 7.
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If not specified, the function value defaults to 0.
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.It Ar emulation
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Li hostbridge | Li amd_hostbridge
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.Pp
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Provide a simple host bridge.
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This is usually configured at slot 0, and is required by most guest
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operating systems.
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The
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.Li amd_hostbridge
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emulation is identical but uses a PCI vendor ID of
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.Li AMD .
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.It Li passthru
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PCI pass-through device.
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.It Li virtio-net
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Virtio network interface.
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.It Li virtio-blk
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Virtio block storage interface.
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.It Li ahci-cd
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AHCI controller attached to an ATAPI CD/DVD.
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.It Li ahci-hd
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AHCI controller attached to a SATA hard-drive.
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.It Li uart
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PCI 16550 serial device.
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.It Li lpc
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LPC PCI-ISA bridge with COM1 and COM2 16550 serial ports.
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.El
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.It Op Ar conf
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This optional parameter describes the backend for device emulations.
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If
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.Ar conf
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is not specified, the device emulation has no backend and can be
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considered unconnected.
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.Pp
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Network devices:
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Ar tapN Ns Op , Ns Ar mac=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
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.It Ar vmnetN Ns Op , Ns Ar mac=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
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.Pp
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If
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.Ar mac
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is not specified, the MAC address is derived from a fixed OUI and the
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remaining bytes from an MD5 hash of the slot and function numbers and
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the device name.
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.Pp
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The MAC address is an ASCII string in
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.Xr ethers 5
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format.
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.El
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.Pp
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Block storage devices:
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Pa /filename Ns Oo , Ns Li nocache Oc Ns Oo , Ns Li direct Oc Ns Oo , Ns Li ro Oc
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.It Pa /dev/xxx Ns Oo , Ns Ar nocache Oc Ns Oo , Ns Ar direct Oc Ns Oo , Ns Ar ro Oc
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.Bl -tag -width 8n
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.It Li nocache
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Open the file with
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.Dv O_DIRECT .
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.It Li direct
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Open the file using
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.Dv O_SYNC .
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.It Li ro
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Force the file to be opened read-only.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Li nocache ,
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.Li direct ,
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and
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.Li ro
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options are not available for virtio block devices.
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.El
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.Pp
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TTY devices:
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Li stdio
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Connect the serial port to the standard input and output of
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the bhyve process.
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.It Pa /dev/xxx
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Use the host TTY device for serial port I/O.
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.El
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.Pp
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Pass-through devices:
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.Bl -tag -width 10n
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.It Ns Ar slot Ns / Ns Ar bus Ns / Ns Ar function
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Connect to a PCI device on the host at the selector described by
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.Ar slot ,
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.Ar bus ,
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and
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.Ar function
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numbers.
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.El
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.Pp
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The host device must have been reserved at boot-time using the
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.Va pptdev
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loader variable as described in
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.Xr vmm 4 .
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.El
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.It Fl S Ar slot , Ns Ar emulation Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
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Identical to the -s option except the device is instructed to use legacy
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ISA addresses if possible.
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Currently this only has an effect with the
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.Li uart
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device emulation.
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This option will be deprecated in a future version.
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.It Fl l Ar lpcdev Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
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Allow devices behind the LPC PCI-ISA bridge to be configured.
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The only supported devices are the TTY-class devices,
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.Li com1
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and
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.Li com2 .
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.It Fl m Ar size Ns Op Ar K|k|M|m|G|g|T|t
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Guest physical memory size in bytes.
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This must be the same size that was given to
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.Xr bhyveload 8 .
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.Pp
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The size argument may be suffixed with one of K, M, G or T (either upper
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or lower case) to indicate a multiple of kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes,
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or terabytes.
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If no suffix is given, the value is assumed to be in megabytes.
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.It Fl e
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Force
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.Nm
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to exit when a guest issues an access to an I/O port that is not emulated.
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This is intended for debug purposes.
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.It Fl w
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Ignore accesses to unimplemented Model Specific Registers (MSRs). This is intended for debug purposes.
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.It Fl h
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Print help message and exit.
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.It Ar vmname
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Alphanumeric name of the guest.
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This should be the same as that created by
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.Xr bhyveload 8 .
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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The guest operating system must have been loaded with
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.Xr bhyveload 4
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or a similar boot loader before
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.Xr bhyve 4
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can be run.
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.Pp
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To run a virtual machine with 1GB of memory, two virtual CPUs, a virtio
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block device backed by the
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.Pa /my/image
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filesystem image, and a serial port for the console:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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bhyve -c 2 -s 0,hostbridge -s 1,lpc -s 2,virtio-blk,/my/image \\
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-l com1,stdio -A -H -P -m 1G vm1
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Run a 24GB single-CPU virtual machine with three network ports, one of which
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has a MAC address specified:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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bhyve -s 0,hostbridge -s 1,lpc -s 2:0,virtio-net,tap0 \\
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-s 2:1,virtio-net,tap1 \\
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-s 2:2,virtio-net,tap2,mac=00:be:fa:76:45:00 \\
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-s 3,virtio-blk,/my/image -l com1,stdio \\
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-A -H -P -m 24G bigvm
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Run an 8GB quad-CPU virtual machine with 8 AHCI SATA disks, an AHCI ATAPI
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CD-ROM, a single virtio network port, an AMD hostbridge, and the console
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port connected to an
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.Xr nmdm 4
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null-model device.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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bhyve -c 4 \e\
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-s 0,amd_hostbridge -s 1,lpc \\
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-s 1:0,ahci-hd,/images/disk.1 \\
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-s 1:1,ahci-hd,/images/disk.2 \\
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-s 1:2,ahci-hd,/images/disk.3 \\
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-s 1:3,ahci-hd,/images/disk.4 \\
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-s 1:4,ahci-hd,/images/disk.5 \\
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-s 1:5,ahci-hd,/images/disk.6 \\
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-s 1:6,ahci-hd,/images/disk.7 \\
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-s 1:7,ahci-hd,/images/disk.8 \\
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-s 2,ahci-cd,/images.install.iso \\
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-s 3,virtio-net,tap0 \\
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-l com1,/dev/nmdm0A \\
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-A -H -P -m 8G
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.Ed
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr bhyve 4 ,
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.Xr nmdm 4 ,
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.Xr vmm 4 ,
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.Xr ethers 5 ,
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.Xr bhyvectl 8 ,
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.Xr bhyveload 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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.Nm
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first appeared in
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.Fx 10.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Neel Natu Aq neel@freebsd.org
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.An Peter Grehan Aq grehan@freebsd.org
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