ae77177087
several new kerberos related libraries and applications to FreeBSD:
o kgetcred(1) allows one to manually get a ticket for a particular service.
o kf(1) securily forwards ticket to another host through an authenticated
and encrypted stream.
o kcc(1) is an umbrella program around klist(1), kswitch(1), kgetcred(1)
and other user kerberos operations. klist and kswitch are just symlinks
to kcc(1) now.
o kswitch(1) allows you to easily switch between kerberos credentials if
you're running KCM.
o hxtool(1) is a certificate management tool to use with PKINIT.
o string2key(1) maps a password into key.
o kdigest(8) is a userland tool to access the KDC's digest interface.
o kimpersonate(8) creates a "fake" ticket for a service.
We also now install manpages for some lirbaries that were not installed
before, libheimntlm and libhx509.
- The new HEIMDAL version no longer supports Kerberos 4. All users are
recommended to switch to Kerberos 5.
- Weak ciphers are now disabled by default. To enable DES support (used
by telnet(8)), use "allow_weak_crypto" option in krb5.conf.
- libtelnet, pam_ksu and pam_krb5 are now compiled with error on warnings
disabled due to the function they use (krb5_get_err_text(3)) being
deprecated. I plan to work on this next.
- Heimdal's KDC now require sqlite to operate. We use the bundled version
and install it as libheimsqlite. If some other FreeBSD components will
require it in the future we can rename it to libbsdsqlite and use for these
components as well.
- This is not a latest Heimdal version, the new one was released while I was
working on the update. I will update it to 1.5.2 soon, as it fixes some
important bugs and security issues.
295 lines
6.8 KiB
Groff
295 lines
6.8 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2002 - 2003 Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan
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.\" (Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden).
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\"
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\"
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $Id$
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.\"
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.Dd February 20, 2004
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.Dt RSH 1
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.Os HEIMDAL
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm rsh
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.Nd remote shell
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl 45FGKdefnuxz
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.Op Fl U Pa string
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.Op Fl p Ar port
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.Op Fl l Ar username
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.Op Fl P Ar N|O
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.Ar host [command]
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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authenticates to the
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.Xr rshd 8
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daemon on the remote
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.Ar host ,
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and then executes the specified
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.Ar command .
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.Pp
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.Nm
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copies its standard input to the remote command, and the standard
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output and error of the remote command to its own.
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.Pp
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Valid options are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xo
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.Fl 4 ,
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.Fl Fl krb4
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.Xc
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The
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.Fl 4
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option requests Kerberos 4 authentication. Normally all supported
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authentication mechanisms will be tried, but in some cases more
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explicit control is desired.
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.It Xo
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.Fl 5 ,
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.Fl Fl krb5
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.Xc
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The
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.Fl 5
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option requests Kerberos 5 authentication. This is analogous to the
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.Fl 4
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option.
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.It Xo
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.Fl K ,
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.Fl Fl broken
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.Xc
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The
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.Fl K
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option turns off all Kerberos authentication. The security in this
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mode relies on reserved ports. The long name is an indication of how
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good this is.
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.It Xo
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.Fl n ,
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.Fl Fl no-input
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.Xc
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The
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.Fl n
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option directs the input from the
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.Pa /dev/null
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device (see the
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.Sx BUGS
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section of this manual page).
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.It Fl d
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Enable
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.Xr setsockopt 2
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socket debugging.
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.It Xo
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.Fl e ,
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.Fl Fl no-stderr
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.Xc
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Don't use a separate socket for the stderr stream. This can be
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necessary if rsh-ing through a NAT bridge.
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.It Xo
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.Fl x ,
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.Fl Fl encrypt
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.Xc
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The
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.Fl x
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option enables encryption for all data exchange. This is only valid
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for Kerberos authenticated connections (see the
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.Sx BUGS
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section for limitations).
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.It Xo
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.Fl z
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.Xc
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The opposite of
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.Fl x .
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This is the default, and is mainly useful if encryption has been
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enabled by default, for instance in the
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.Li appdefaults
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section of
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.Pa /etc/krb5.conf
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when using Kerberos 5.
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.It Xo
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.Fl f ,
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.Fl Fl forward
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.Xc
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Forward Kerberos 5 credentials to the remote host.
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Also settable via
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.Li appdefaults
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(see
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.Xr krb5.conf ) .
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.It Xo
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.Fl F ,
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.Fl Fl forwardable
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.Xc
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Make the forwarded credentials re-forwardable.
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Also settable via
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.Li appdefaults
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(see
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.Xr krb5.conf ) .
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.It Xo
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.Fl l Ar string ,
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.Fl Fl user= Ns Ar string
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.Xc
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By default the remote username is the same as the local. The
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.Fl l
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option or the
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.Pa username@host
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format allow the remote name to be specified.
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.It Xo
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.Fl n ,
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.Fl Fl no-input
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.Xc
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Direct input from
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.Pa /dev/null
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(see the
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.Sx BUGS
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section).
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.It Xo
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.Fl p Ar number-or-service ,
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.Fl Fl port= Ns Ar number-or-service
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.Xc
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Connect to this port instead of the default (which is 514 when using
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old port based authentication, 544 for Kerberos 5 and non-encrypted
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Kerberos 4, and 545 for encrytpted Kerberos 4; subject of course to
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the contents of
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.Pa /etc/services ) .
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.It Xo
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.Fl P Ar N|O|1|2 ,
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.Fl Fl protocol= Ns Ar N|O|1|2
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.Xc
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Specifies the protocol version to use with Kerberos 5.
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.Ar N
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and
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.Ar 2
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select protocol version 2, while
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.Ar O
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and
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.Ar 1
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select version 1. Version 2 is believed to be more secure, and is the
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default. Unless asked for a specific version,
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.Nm
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will try both. This behaviour may change in the future.
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.It Xo
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.Fl u ,
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.Fl Fl unique
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.Xc
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Make sure the remote credentials cache is unique, that is, don't reuse
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any existing cache. Mutually exclusive to
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.Fl U .
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.It Xo
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.Fl U Pa string ,
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.Fl Fl tkfile= Ns Pa string
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.Xc
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Name of the remote credentials cache. Mutually exclusive to
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.Fl u .
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.It Xo
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.Fl x ,
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.Fl Fl encrypt
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.Xc
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The
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.Fl x
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option enables encryption for all data exchange. This is only valid
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for Kerberos authenticated connections (see the
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.Sx BUGS
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section for limitations).
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.It Fl z
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The opposite of
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.Fl x .
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This is the default, but encryption can be enabled when using
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Kerberos 5, by setting the
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.Li libdefaults/encrypt
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option in
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.Xr krb5.conf 5 .
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.El
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.\".Pp
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.\"Without a
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.\".Ar command
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.\".Nm
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.\"will just exec
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.\".Xr rlogin 1
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.\"with the same arguments.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Care should be taken when issuing commands containing shell meta
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characters. Without quoting, these will be expanded on the local
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machine.
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.Pp
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The following command:
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.Pp
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.Dl rsh otherhost cat remotefile \*[Gt] localfile
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.Pp
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will write the contents of the remote
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.Pa remotefile
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to the local
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.Pa localfile ,
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but:
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.Pp
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.Dl rsh otherhost 'cat remotefile \*[Gt] remotefile2'
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.Pp
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will write it to the remote
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.Pa remotefile2 .
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.\".Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/hosts -compact
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.It Pa /etc/hosts
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.El
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.\".Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr rlogin 1 ,
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.Xr krb_realmofhost 3 ,
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.Xr krb_sendauth 3 ,
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.Xr hosts.equiv 5 ,
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.Xr krb5.conf 5 ,
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.Xr rhosts 5 ,
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.Xr kerberos 8
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.Xr rshd 8
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.\".Sh STANDARDS
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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This implementation of
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.Nm
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was written as part of the Heimdal Kerberos 5 implementation.
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.Sh BUGS
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Some shells (notably
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.Xr csh 1 )
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will cause
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.Nm
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to block if run in the background, unless the standard input is directed away from the terminal. This is what the
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.Fl n
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option is for.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl x
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options enables encryption for the session, but for both Kerberos 4
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and 5 the actual command is sent unencrypted, so you should not send
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any secret information in the command line (which is probably a bad
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idea anyway, since the command line can usually be read with tools
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like
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.Xr ps 1 ) .
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Forthermore in Kerberos 4 the command is not even integrity
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protected, so anyone with the right tools can modify the command.
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