7964930201
PR: bin/142566 Submitted by: N.J. Mann njm njm.me.uk Approved by: ed (mentor) MFC after: 2 weeks
300 lines
10 KiB
Groff
300 lines
10 KiB
Groff
.\"-
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2009 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
.\""
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
|
|
.\" without modification.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
|
|
.\" similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below ("Disclaimer") and any
|
|
.\" redistribution must be conditioned upon including a substantially
|
|
.\" similar Disclaimer requirement for further binary redistribution.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" NO WARRANTY
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
|
|
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
|
|
.\" LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTIBILITY
|
|
.\" AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL
|
|
.\" THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
|
|
.\" OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
|
|
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
|
|
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
|
|
.\" IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
|
|
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
|
|
.\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"/
|
|
.Dd July 8, 2009
|
|
.Dt ATH 4
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm ath
|
|
.Nd "Atheros IEEE 802.11 wireless network driver"
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
To compile this driver into the kernel,
|
|
place the following lines in your
|
|
kernel configuration file:
|
|
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
|
|
.Cd "device ath"
|
|
.Cd "device ath_hal"
|
|
.Cd "options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416"
|
|
.Cd "device ath_rate_sample"
|
|
.Cd "device wlan"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Alternatively, to load the driver as a
|
|
module at boot time, place the following line in
|
|
.Xr loader.conf 5 :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
if_ath_load="YES"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver provides support for wireless network adapters based on
|
|
the Atheros AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, and AR5416 programming APIs.
|
|
These APIs are used by a wide variety of chips; most all chips with
|
|
a PCI and/or CardBus interface are supported.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Supported features include 802.11 and 802.3 frames, power management, BSS,
|
|
IBSS, MBSS, TDMA, and host-based access point operation modes.
|
|
All host/device interaction is via DMA.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver encapsulates all IP and ARP traffic as 802.11 frames, however
|
|
it can receive either 802.11 or 802.3 frames.
|
|
Transmit speed and operating mode is selectable
|
|
and depends on the specific chipset.
|
|
AR5210-based devices support 802.11a operation with transmit speeds
|
|
of 6 Mbps, 9 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 18 Mbps, 24 Mbps, 36 Mbps, 48 Mbps, and 54 Mbps.
|
|
AR5211-based devices support 802.11a and 802.11b operation with transmit
|
|
speeds as above for 802.11a operation and
|
|
1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5 Mbps and 11Mbps for 802.11b operation.
|
|
AR5212-based devices support 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g operation
|
|
with transmit speeds appropriate to each.
|
|
AR5416-class devices are capable of 802.11n operation
|
|
but are supported only in legacy modes (802.11a, 11b, 11g).
|
|
Most chips also support an Atheros Turbo Mode (TM) that operates in
|
|
the 5Ghz frequency range with 2x the transmit speeds.
|
|
Some chips also support Turbo mode in the 2.4Ghz range with 802.11g
|
|
though this support is not presently available due to regulatory requirements.
|
|
(Note that Turbo modes are, however,
|
|
only interoperable with other Atheros-based devices.)
|
|
AR5212-based devices also support half- (10MHz) and quarter-width (5MHz) channels.
|
|
The actual transmit speed used is dependent on signal quality and the
|
|
.Dq "rate control"
|
|
algorithm employed by the driver.
|
|
All chips support WEP encryption.
|
|
AR5212 and AR5416 parts have hardware support for the
|
|
AES-CCM, TKIP, and Michael cryptographic
|
|
operations required for WPA.
|
|
To enable encryption, use
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8
|
|
as shown below.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver supports
|
|
.Cm station ,
|
|
.Cm adhoc ,
|
|
.Cm adhoc-demo ,
|
|
.Cm hostap ,
|
|
.Cm mesh ,
|
|
.Cm wds ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm monitor
|
|
mode operation.
|
|
Multiple
|
|
.Cm hostap
|
|
virtual interfaces may be configured for simultaneous
|
|
use on cards that use a 5212 part.
|
|
When multiple interfaces are configured each may have a separate
|
|
mac address that is formed by setting the U/L bits in the mac
|
|
address assigned to the underlying device.
|
|
Any number of
|
|
.Cm wds
|
|
virtual interfaces may be configured together with
|
|
.Cm hostap
|
|
interfaces.
|
|
Multiple
|
|
.Cm station
|
|
interfaces may be operated together with
|
|
.Cm hostap
|
|
interfaces to construct a wireless repeater device.
|
|
The driver also support
|
|
.Cm tdma
|
|
operation when compiled with
|
|
.Cd "options IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA"
|
|
(which also enables the required 802.11 support).
|
|
For more information on configuring this device, see
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Devices supported by the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver come in either Cardbus or mini-PCI packages.
|
|
Wireless cards in Cardbus slots may be inserted and ejected on the fly.
|
|
.Sh HARDWARE
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver supports all Atheros Cardbus and PCI cards,
|
|
except those that are based on the AR5005VL chipset.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A list of cards that are supported can be found at
|
|
.Pa http://customerproducts.atheros.com/customerproducts/default.asp .
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
Join an existing BSS network (ie: connect to an access point):
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with network name
|
|
.Dq Li my_net :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with WEP encryption:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
|
|
wepmode on wepkey 0x8736639624
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join/create an 802.11b IBSS network with network name
|
|
.Dq Li my_net :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0 wlanmode adhoc
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.22 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
|
|
mode 11b
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create an 802.11g host-based access point:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0 wlanmode hostap
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e
|
|
mode 11g
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create an 802.11a mesh station:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0 wlanmode mesh
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 meshid my_mesh mode 11a inet 192.168.0.10/24
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create two virtual 802.11a host-based access points, one with
|
|
with WEP enabled and one with no security, and bridge them to
|
|
the fxp0 (wired) device:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0 wlanmode hostap \e
|
|
ssid paying-customers wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 \e
|
|
mode 11a up
|
|
ifconfig wlan1 create wlandev ath0 wlanmode hostap bssid \e
|
|
ssid freeloaders up
|
|
ifconfig bridge0 create addm wlan0 addm wlan1 addm fxp0 up
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a master node in a two slot TDMA BSS configured to use
|
|
2.5 millisecond slots.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0 wlanmode tdma \e
|
|
ssid tdma-test tmdaslot 0 tdmaslotlen 2500 \e
|
|
channel 36 up
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Bl -diag
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to attach hardware; HAL status %u"
|
|
The Atheros Hardware Access Layer was unable to configure the hardware
|
|
as requested.
|
|
The status code is explained in the HAL include file
|
|
.Pa sys/contrib/dev/ath/ah.h .
|
|
.It "ath%d: failed to allocate descriptors: %d"
|
|
The driver was unable to allocate contiguous memory for the transmit
|
|
and receive descriptors.
|
|
This usually indicates system memory is scarce and/or fragmented.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to setup a data xmit queue!"
|
|
The request to the HAL to set up the transmit queue for normal
|
|
data frames failed.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to setup a beacon xmit queue!"
|
|
The request to the HAL to set up the transmit queue for 802.11 beacon frames
|
|
frames failed.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: 802.11 address: %s"
|
|
The MAC address programmed in the EEPROM is displayed.
|
|
.It "ath%d: hardware error; resetting"
|
|
An unrecoverable error in the hardware occurred.
|
|
Errors of this sort include unrecoverable DMA errors.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware and continue.
|
|
.It "ath%d: rx FIFO overrun; resetting"
|
|
The receive FIFO in the hardware overflowed before the data could be
|
|
transferred to the host.
|
|
This typically occurs because the hardware ran short of receive
|
|
descriptors and had no place to transfer received data.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware and continue.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to reset hardware; hal status %u"
|
|
The Atheros Hardware Access Layer was unable to reset the hardware
|
|
as requested.
|
|
The status code is explained in the HAL include file
|
|
.Pa sys/contrib/dev/ath/ah.h .
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to start recv logic"
|
|
The driver was unable to restart frame reception.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: device timeout"
|
|
A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware and continue.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: bogus xmit rate 0x%x"
|
|
An invalid transmit rate was specified for an outgoing frame.
|
|
The frame is discarded.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: ath_chan_set: unable to reset channel %u (%u MHz)"
|
|
The Atheros Hardware Access Layer was unable to reset the hardware
|
|
when switching channels during scanning.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: failed to enable memory mapping"
|
|
The driver was unable to enable memory-mapped I/O to the PCI device registers.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: failed to enable bus mastering"
|
|
The driver was unable to enable the device as a PCI bus master for doing DMA.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: cannot map register space"
|
|
The driver was unable to map the device registers into the host address space.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: could not map interrupt"
|
|
The driver was unable to allocate an IRQ for the device interrupt.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: could not establish interrupt"
|
|
The driver was unable to install the device interrupt handler.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr ath_hal 4 ,
|
|
.Xr cardbus 4 ,
|
|
.Xr intro 4 ,
|
|
.Xr pcic 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_ccmp 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_tkip 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_wep 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_xauth 4 ,
|
|
.Xr hostapd 8 ,
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
|
|
.Xr wpa_supplicant 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
device driver first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 5.2 .
|
|
.Sh CAVEATS
|
|
Revision A1 of the D-LINK DWL-G520 and DWL-G650 are based on an
|
|
Intersil PrismGT chip and are not supported by this driver.
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
There is no software retransmit; only hardware retransmit is used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver does not fully enable power-save operation of the chip
|
|
in station mode; consequently power use is suboptimal (e.g. on a laptop).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
WPA is not supported for 5210 parts.
|