692 lines
22 KiB
Groff
692 lines
22 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1998, 1999 Kenneth D. Merry.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $Id: camcontrol.8,v 1.13 1999/05/19 19:39:11 ken Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd September 14, 1998
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.Dt CAMCONTROL 8
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.Os FreeBSD 3.0
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm camcontrol
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.Nd CAM control program
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm camcontrol
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.Aq command
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Op command args
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.Nm camcontrol
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devlist
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.Op Fl v
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.Nm camcontrol
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periphlist
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.Op device id
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.Op Fl n Ar dev_name
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.Op Fl u Ar unit_number
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.Nm camcontrol
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tur
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Nm camcontrol
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inquiry
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Op Fl D
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.Op Fl S
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.Op Fl R
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.Nm camcontrol
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start
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Nm camcontrol
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stop
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Nm camcontrol
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eject
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Nm camcontrol
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rescan
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.Aq bus Ns Op :target:lun
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.Nm camcontrol
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reset
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.Aq bus Ns Op :target:lun
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.Nm camcontrol
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defects
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Aq Fl f Ar format
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.Op Fl P
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.Op Fl G
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.Nm camcontrol
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modepage
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Aq Fl m Ar page
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.Op Fl P Ar pgctl
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.Op Fl e
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.Op Fl d
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.Nm camcontrol
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cmd
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Aq Fl c Ar cmd Op args
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.Op Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
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.Ek
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.Nm camcontrol
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debug
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.Op Fl I
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl S
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.Op Fl c
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.Aq all|off|bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
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.Nm camcontrol
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tags
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Op Fl N Ar tags
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.Op Fl q
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.Op Fl v
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.Nm camcontrol
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negotiate
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.Op device id
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.Op generic args
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.Op Fl c
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.Op Fl D Ar enable|disable
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.Op Fl O Ar offset
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.Op Fl q
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.Op Fl R Ar syncrate
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.Op Fl T Ar enable|disable
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.Op Fl U
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.Op Fl W Ar bus_width
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.Op Fl v
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.Nm camcontrol
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help
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm camcontrol
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is a utility designed to provide a way for users to access and control the
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.Tn FreeBSD
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CAM subsystem.
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.Pp
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.Nm camcontrol
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can cause a loss of data and/or system crashes if used improperly. Even
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expert users are encouraged to exercise caution when using this command.
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Novice users should stay away from this utility.
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.Pp
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.Nm camcontrol
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has a number of primary functions, many of which support an optional
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device identifier. A device identifier can take one of three forms:
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.Bl -tag -width 01234567890123
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.It deviceUNIT
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Specify a device name and unit number combination, like "da5" or "cd3".
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Note that character device node names (e.g. /dev/rsd0.ctl) are
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.Em not
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allowed here.
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.It bus:target
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Specify a bus number and target id. The bus number can be determined from
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the output of
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.Dq camcontrol devlist .
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The lun defaults to 0.
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.It bus:target:lun
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Specify the bus, target and lun for a device. (e.g. 1:2:0)
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.El
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.Pp
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The device identifier, if it is specified,
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.Em must
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come immediately after the function name, and before any generic or
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function-specific arguments. Note that the
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.Fl n
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and
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.Fl u
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arguments described below will override any device name or unit number
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specified beforehand. The
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.Fl n
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and
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.Fl u
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arguments will
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.Em not
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override a specified bus:target or bus:target:lun, howevever.
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.Pp
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Most of the
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.Nm camcontrol
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primary functions support these generic arguments:
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.Bl -tag -width 01234567890123
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.It Fl C Ar count
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SCSI command retry count. In order for this to work, error recovery
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.Po
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.Fl E
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.Pc
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must be turned on.
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.It Fl E
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Instruct the kernel to perform generic SCSI error recovery for the given
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command. This is needed in order for the retry count
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.Po
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.Fl C
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.Pc
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to be honored. Other than retrying commands, the generic error recovery in
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the code will generally attempt to spin up drives that are not spinning.
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It may take some other actions, depending upon the sense code returned from
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the command.
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.It Fl n Ar dev_name
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Specify the device type to operate on. The default is
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.Em da .
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.It Fl t Ar timeout
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SCSI command timeout in seconds. This overrides the default timeout for
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any given command.
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.It Fl u Ar unit_number
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Specify the device unit number. The default is 0.
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose, print out sense information for failed SCSI commands.
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.El
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.Pp
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Primary command functions:
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.Bl -tag -width periphlist
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.It devlist
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List all physical devices (logical units) attached to the CAM subsystem.
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This also includes a list of peripheral drivers attached to each device.
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With the
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.Fl v
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argument, SCSI bus number, adapter name and unit numbers are printed as
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well.
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.It periphlist
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List all peripheral drivers attached to a given physical device (logical
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unit).
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.It tur
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Send the SCSI test unit ready (0x00) command to the given device.
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.Nm camcontrol
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will report whether the device is ready or not.
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.It inquiry
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Send a SCSI inquiry command (0x12) to a device. By default,
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.Nm camcontrol
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will print out the standard inquiry data, device serial number, and
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transfer rate information. The user can specify that only certain types of
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inquiry data be printed:
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.Bl -tag -width 1234
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.It Fl D
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Get the standard inquiry data.
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.It Fl S
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Print out the serial number. If this flag is the only one specified,
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.Nm camcontrol
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will not print out "Serial Number" before the value returned by the drive.
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This is to aid in script writing.
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.It Fl R
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Print out transfer rate information.
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.El
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.It start
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Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
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start bit set.
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.It stop
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Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
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start bit cleared.
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.It eject
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Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
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start bit cleared and the eject bit set.
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.It rescan
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Tell the kernel to scan the given bus (XPT_SCAN_BUS), or bus:target:lun
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(XPT_SCAN_LUN) for new devices or devices that have gone away. The user
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may only specify a bus to scan, or a lun. Scanning all luns on a target
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isn't supported.
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.It reset
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Tell the kernel to reset the given bus (XPT_RESET_BUS) by issuing a SCSI bus
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reset for that bus, or to reset the given bus:target:lun
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(XPT_RESET_DEV), typically by issuing a BUS DEVICE RESET message after
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connecting to that device. Note that this can have a destructive impact
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on the system.
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.It defects
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Send the SCSI READ DEFECT DATA (10) command (0x37) to the given device, and
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print out any combination of: the total number of defects, the primary
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defect list (PLIST), and the grown defect list (GLIST).
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.Bl -tag -width 01234567890
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.It Fl f Ar format
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The three format options are:
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.Em block ,
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to print out the list as logical blocks,
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.Em bfi ,
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to print out the list in bytes from index format, and
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.Em phys ,
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to print out the list in physical sector format. The format argument is
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required. Most drives support the physical sector format. Some drives
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support the logical block format. Many drives, if they don't support the
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requested format, return the data in an alternate format, along with sense
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information indicating that the requested data format isn't supported.
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.Nm camcontrol
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attempts to detect this, and print out whatever format the drive returns.
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If the drive uses a non-standard sense code to report that it doesn't
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support the requested format,
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.Nm camcontrol
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will probably see the error as a failure to complete the request.
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.It Fl G
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Print out the grown defect list. This is a list of bad blocks that have
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been remapped since the disk left the factory.
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.It Fl P
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Print out the primary defect list.
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.El
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.Pp
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If neither
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.Fl P
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nor
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.Fl G
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is specified,
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.Nm camcontrol
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will print out the number of defects given in the READ DEFECT DATA header
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returned from the drive.
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.It modepage
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Allows the user to display and optionally edit a SCSI mode page. The mode
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page formats are located in
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.Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes .
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This can be overridden by specifying a different file in the
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.Ev SCSI_MODES
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environment variable. The modepage command takes several arguments:
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.Bl -tag -width 012345678901
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.It Fl d
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Disable block descriptors for mode sense.
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.It Fl e
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This flag allows the user to edit values in the mode page.
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.It Fl m Ar mode_page
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This specifies the number of the mode page the user would like to view
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and/or edit. This argument is mandatory.
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.It Fl P Ar pgctl
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This allows the user to specify the page control field. Possible values are:
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.Bl -tag -width xxx -compact
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.It 0
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Current values
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.It 1
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Changeable values
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.It 2
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Default values
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.It 3
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Saved values
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.El
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.El
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.It cmd
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Allows the user to send an arbitrary SCSI CDB to any device. The cmd
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function requires the
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.Fl c
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argument to specify the CDB. Other arguments are optional, depending on
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the command type. The command and data specification syntax is documented
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in
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.Xr cam 3 .
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NOTE: If the CDB specified causes data to be transfered to or from the
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SCSI device in question, you MUST specify either
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.Fl i
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or
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.Fl o .
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.Bl -tag -width 01234567890123456
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.It Fl c Ar cmd Op args
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This specifies the SCSI CDB. CDBs may be 6, 10, 12 or 16 bytes.
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.It Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
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This specifies the amount of data to read, and how it should be displayed.
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If the format is
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.Sq - ,
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.Ar len
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bytes of data will be read from the device and written to standard output.
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.It Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
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This specifies the amount of data to be written to a device, and the data
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that is to be written. If the format is
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.Sq - ,
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.Ar len
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bytes of data will be read from standard input and written to the device.
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.El
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.It debug
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Turn on CAM debugging printfs in the kernel. This requires options CAMDEBUG
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in your kernel config file. WARNING: enabling debugging printfs currently
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causes an EXTREME number of kernel printfs. You may have difficulty
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turning off the debugging printfs once they start, since the kernel will be
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busy printing messages and unable to service other requests quickly.
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The debug function takes a number of arguments:
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.Bl -tag -width 012345678901234567
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.It Fl I
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Enable CAM_DEBUG_INFO printfs.
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.It Fl T
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Enable CAM_DEBUG_TRACE printfs.
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.It Fl S
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Enable CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE printfs.
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.It Fl c
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Enable CAM_DEBUG_CDB printfs. This will cause the kernel to print out the
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SCSI CDBs sent to the specified device(s).
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.It all
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Enable debugging for all devices.
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.It off
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Turn off debugging for all devices
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.It bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
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Turn on debugging for the given bus, target or lun. If the lun or target
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and lun are not specified, they are wildcarded. (i.e., just specifying a
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bus turns on debugging printfs for all devices on that bus.)
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.El
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.It tags
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Show or set the number of "tagged openings" or simultaneous transactions
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we attempt to queue to a particular device. By default, the
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.Sq tags
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command, with no command-specific arguments (i.e. only generic arguments)
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prints out the "soft" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to
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the device in question. For more detailed information, use the
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.Fl v
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argument described below.
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.Bl -tag -width 0123456
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.It Fl N Ar tags
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Set the number of tags for the given device. This must be between the
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minimum and maximum number set in the kernel quirk table. The default for
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most devices that support tagged queueing is a minimum of 2 and a maximum
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of 255. The minimum and maximum values for a given device may be
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determined by using the
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.Fl v
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switch. The meaning of the
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.Fl v
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switch for this
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.Nm camcontrol
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subcommand is described below.
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.It Fl q
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Be quiet, and don't report the number of tags. This is generally used when
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setting the number of tags.
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.It Fl v
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The verbose flag has special functionality for the
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.Em tags
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argument. It causes
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.Nm camcontrol
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to print out the tagged queueing related fields of the XPT_GDEV_TYPE CCB:
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.Bl -tag -width 0123456789012
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.It dev_openings
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This is the amount of capacity for transactions queued to a given device.
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.It dev_active
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This is the number of transactions currently queued to a device.
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.It devq_openings
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This is the kernel queue space for transactions. This count usually mirrors
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dev_openings except during error recovery operations when
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the device queue is frozen (device is not allowed to receive
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commands), the number of dev_openings is reduced, or transaction
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replay is occurring.
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.It devq_queued
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This is the number of transactions waiting in the kernel queue for capacity
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on the device. This number is usually zero unless error recovery is in
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progress.
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.It held
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The held count is the number of CCBs held by peripheral drivers that have
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either just been completed or are about to be released to the transport
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layer for service by a device. Held CCBs reserve capacity on a given
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device.
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.It mintags
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This is the current "hard" minimum number of transactions that can be
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queued to a device at once. The
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.Ar dev_openings
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value above cannot go below this number. The default value for
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.Ar mintags
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is 2, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
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.It maxtags
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This is the "hard" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to a
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device at one time. The
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.Ar dev_openings
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value cannot go above this number. The default value for
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.Ar maxtags
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is 255, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
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.El
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.El
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.It negotiate
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Show or negotiate various communication parameters. Some controllers may
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not support setting or changing some of these values. For instance, the
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Adaptec 174x controllers do not support changing a device's sync rate or
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offset.
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.Nm camcontrol
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will not attempt to set the parameter if the controller indicates that it
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does not support setting the parameter. To find out what the controller
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supports, use the
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.Fl v
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flag. The meaning of the
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.Fl v
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flag for the
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.Sq negotiate
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command is described below. Also, some controller drivers don't support
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setting negotiation parameters, even if the underlying controller supports
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negotiation changes. Some controllers, such as the Advansys wide
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controllers, support enabling and disabling synchronous negotiation for
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a device, but do not support setting the synchronous negotiation rate.
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.Bl -tag -width 01234567890123456
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.It Fl a
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Attempt to make the negotiation settings take effect immediately by sending
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a Test Unit Ready command to the device.
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.It Fl c
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Show or set current negotiation settings. This is the default.
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.It Fl D Ar enable|disable
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Enable or disable disconnection.
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.It Fl O Ar offset
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Set the command delay offset.
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.It Fl q
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Be quiet, don't print anything. This is generally useful when you want to
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set a parameter, but don't want any status information.
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.It Fl R Ar syncrate
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Change the synchronization rate for a device. The sync rate is a floating
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point value specified in MHz. So, for instance,
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.Sq 20.000
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is a legal value, as is
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.Sq 20 .
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.It Fl T Ar enable|disable
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Enable or disable tagged queueing for a device.
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.It Fl U
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Show or set user negotiation settings. The default is to show or set
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current negotiation settings.
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.It Fl v
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The verbose switch has special meaning for the
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.Sq negotiate
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subcommand. It causes
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.Nm camcontrol
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to print out the contents of a Path Inquiry (XPT_PATH_INQ) CCB sent to the
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controller driver.
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.It Fl W Ar bus_width
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Specify the bus width to negotiate with a device. The bus width is
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specified in bits. The only useful values to specify are 8, 16, and 32
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bits. The controller must support the bus width in question in order for
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the setting to take effect.
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.El
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.Pp
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In general, sync rate and offset settings will not take effect for a
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device until a command has been sent to the device. The
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.Fl a
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switch above will automatically send a Test Unit Ready to the device so
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negotiation parameters will take effect.
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.It help
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|
Print out verbose usage information.
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.El
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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The
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|
.Ev SCSI_MODES
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variable allows the user to specify an alternate mode page format file.
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.Pp
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|
The
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.Ev EDITOR
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variable determines which text editor
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.Nm camcontrol
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starts when editing mode pages.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes -compact
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.It Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes
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is the SCSI mode format database.
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.It Pa /dev/xpt0
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is the transport layer device.
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.It Pa /dev/pass*
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|
are the CAM application passthrough devices.
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|
.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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|
.Dl camcontrol eject -n cd -u 1 -v
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|
.Pp
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Eject the CD from cd1, and print SCSI sense information if the command
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|
fails.
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.Pp
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|
.Dl camcontrol tur
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.Pp
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|
Send the SCSI test unit ready command to da0.
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|
.Nm camcontrol
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|
will report whether the disk is ready, but will not display sense
|
|
information if the command fails since the
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|
.Fl v
|
|
switch was not specified.
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|
.Pp
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|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
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|
camcontrol tur da1 -E -C 4 -t 50 -v
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|
.Ed
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|
.Pp
|
|
Send a test unit ready command to da1. Enable kernel error recovery.
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|
Specify a retry count of 4, and a timeout of 50 seconds. Enable sense
|
|
printing (with the
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|
.Fl v
|
|
flag) if the command fails. Since error recovery is turned on, the
|
|
disk will be spun up if it is not currently spinning.
|
|
.Nm camcontrol
|
|
will report whether the disk is ready.
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|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
|
|
camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
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|
-i 0xe "s1 i3 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1"
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|
.Ed
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|
.Pp
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|
Issue a READ BUFFER command (0x3C) to cd1. Display the buffer size of cd1,
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|
and display the first 10 bytes from the cache on cd1. Display SCSI sense
|
|
information if the command fails.
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|
.Pp
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|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
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|
camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
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|
-o 14 "00 00 00 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 v v v v" 7 8 9 8
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|
.Ed
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|
.Pp
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|
Issue a WRITE BUFFER (0x3B) command to cd1. Write out 10 bytes of data,
|
|
not including the (reserved) 4 byte header. Print out sense information if
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|
the command fails. Be very careful with this command, improper use may
|
|
cause data corruption.
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|
.Pp
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|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
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|
camcontrol modepage da3 -m 1 -e -P 3
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Edit mode page 1 (the Read-Write Error Recover page) for da3, and save the
|
|
settings on the drive. Mode page 1 contains a disk drive's auto read and
|
|
write reallocation settings, among other things.
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|
.Pp
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|
.Dl camcontrol rescan 0
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|
.Pp
|
|
Rescan SCSI bus 0 for devices that have been added, removed or changed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl camcontrol rescan 0:1:0
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|
.Pp
|
|
Rescan SCSI bus 0, target 1, lun 0 to see if it has been added, removed, or
|
|
changed.
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|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl camcontrol tags da5 -N 24
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Set the number of concurrent transactions for da5 to 24.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
|
|
camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 4 -T disable
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|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Disable tagged queueing for da4.
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|
.Pp
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
|
|
camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 3 -R 20.000 -O 15 -a
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Negotiate a sync rate of 20MHz and an offset of 15 with da3. Then send a
|
|
Test Unit Ready command to make the settings take effect.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
|
|
camcontrol cmd -n da -u 3 -v -t 7200 -c "4 0 0 0 0 0"
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|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Send the FORMAT UNIT (0x04) command to da3. This will low-level format the
|
|
disk. Print sense information if the command fails, and set the timeout to
|
|
two hours (or 7200 seconds).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Low level formatting a disk will destroy ALL data on the disk. Use
|
|
extreme caution when issuing this command. Many users low-level format
|
|
disks that do not really need to be low-level formatted. There are
|
|
relatively few scenarios that call for low-level formatting a disk.
|
|
One reason for
|
|
low-level formatting a disk is if you want to change the physical sector
|
|
size of the disk. Another reason for low-level formatting a disk is to
|
|
revive the disk if you are getting "medium format corrupted" errors from the
|
|
disk in response to read and write requests.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Some disks take longer than others to format. Users should specify a
|
|
timeout long enough to allow the format to complete. Some hard disks
|
|
will complete a format operation in a very short period of time (on the
|
|
order of 5 minutes or less). This is often because the drive doesn't
|
|
really support the FORMAT UNIT command -- it just accepts the command,
|
|
waits a few minutes and then returns it.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr cam 3 ,
|
|
.Xr cam_cdbparse 3 ,
|
|
.Xr pass 4 ,
|
|
.Xr cam 9 ,
|
|
.Xr xpt 9
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm camcontrol
|
|
command first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 3.0 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The mode page editing code and arbitrary SCSI command code are based upon
|
|
code in the old
|
|
.Xr scsi 8
|
|
utility and
|
|
.Xr scsi 3
|
|
library, written by Julian Elischer and Peter Dufault. The
|
|
.Xr scsi 8
|
|
program first appeared in 386BSD 0.1.2.4, and first appeared in
|
|
.Tn FreeBSD
|
|
in
|
|
.Fx 2.0.5 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Kenneth Merry Aq ken@FreeBSD.ORG
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
Most of the man page cross references don't exist yet. This will be fixed
|
|
soon.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The code that parses the generic command line arguments doesn't know that
|
|
some of the subcommands take multiple arguments. So if, for instance, you
|
|
tried something like this:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset foobar
|
|
camcontrol -n da -u 1 -c "00 00 00 00 00 v" 0x00 -v
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The sense information from the test unit ready command would not get
|
|
printed out, since the first
|
|
.Xr getopt 3
|
|
call in
|
|
.Nm camcontrol
|
|
bails out when it sees the second argument to
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
.Po
|
|
0x00
|
|
.Pc ,
|
|
above. Fixing this behavior would take some gross code, or changes to the
|
|
.Xr getopt 3
|
|
interface. The best way to circumvent this problem is to always make sure
|
|
to specify generic
|
|
.Nm camcontrol
|
|
arguments before any command-specific arguments.
|