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freebsd-nq/usr.sbin/mrouted/mtrace.c
Garrett Wollman e93ad7be43 Upgrade to mrouted version 3.6. This includes a substantial clean-up 
and ANSIfication of much of the source base.  Thanks, Bill!

Submitted by:	patch from Bill Fenner <fenner@parc.xerox.com>
1995-06-28 17:58:49 +00:00

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/*
* mtrace.c
*
* This tool traces the branch of a multicast tree from a source to a
* receiver for a particular multicast group and gives statistics
* about packet rate and loss for each hop along the path. It can
* usually be invoked just as
*
* mtrace source
*
* to trace the route from that source to the local host for a default
* group when only the route is desired and not group-specific packet
* counts. See the usage line for more complex forms.
*
*
* Released 4 Apr 1995. This program was adapted by Steve Casner
* (USC/ISI) from a prototype written by Ajit Thyagarajan (UDel and
* Xerox PARC). It attempts to parallel in command syntax and output
* format the unicast traceroute program written by Van Jacobson (LBL)
* for the parts where that makes sense.
*
* Copyright (c) 1995 by the University of Southern California
* All rights reserved.
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
* documentation in source and binary forms for non-commercial purposes
* and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
* notice appear in all copies and that both the copyright notice and
* this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that
* any documentation, advertising materials, and other materials related
* to such distribution and use acknowledge that the software was
* developed by the University of Southern California, Information
* Sciences Institute. The name of the University may not be used to
* endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
*
* THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA makes no representations about
* the suitability of this software for any purpose. THIS SOFTWARE IS
* PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
* INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
*
* Other copyrights might apply to parts of this software and are so
* noted when applicable.
*
* In particular, parts of the prototype version of this program may
* have been derived from mrouted programs sources covered by the
* license in the accompanying file named "LICENSE".
*
* $Id: mtrace.c,v 3.6 1995/06/25 19:17:14 fenner Exp $
*/
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/filio.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "defs.h"
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#ifdef __STDC__
#include <stdarg.h>
#else
#include <varargs.h>
#endif
#define DEFAULT_TIMEOUT 3 /* How long to wait before retrying requests */
#define DEFAULT_RETRIES 3 /* How many times to try */
#define MAXHOPS UNREACHABLE /* Don't need more hops than max metric */
#define UNICAST_TTL 255 /* TTL for unicast response */
#define MULTICAST_TTL1 64 /* Default TTL for multicast query/response */
#define MULTICAST_TTL_INC 32 /* TTL increment for increase after timeout */
#define MULTICAST_TTL_MAX 192 /* Maximum TTL allowed (protect low-BW links */
struct resp_buf {
u_long qtime; /* Time query was issued */
u_long rtime; /* Time response was received */
int len; /* Number of reports or length of data */
struct igmp igmp; /* IGMP header */
union {
struct {
struct tr_query q; /* Query/response header */
struct tr_resp r[MAXHOPS]; /* Per-hop reports */
} t;
char d[MAX_DVMRP_DATA_LEN]; /* Neighbor data */
} u;
} base, incr[2];
#define qhdr u.t.q
#define resps u.t.r
#define ndata u.d
char names[MAXHOPS][40];
int timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT;
int nqueries = DEFAULT_RETRIES;
int numeric = FALSE;
int debug = 0;
int passive = FALSE;
int multicast = FALSE;
u_int32 defgrp; /* Default group if not specified */
u_int32 query_cast; /* All routers multicast addr */
u_int32 resp_cast; /* Mtrace response multicast addr */
u_int32 lcl_addr = 0; /* This host address, in NET order */
u_int32 dst_netmask; /* netmask to go with qdst */
/*
* Query/response parameters, all initialized to zero and set later
* to default values or from options.
*/
u_int32 qsrc = 0; /* Source address in the query */
u_int32 qgrp = 0; /* Group address in the query */
u_int32 qdst = 0; /* Destination (receiver) address in query */
u_char qno = 0; /* Max number of hops to query */
u_int32 raddr = 0; /* Address where response should be sent */
int qttl = 0; /* TTL for the query packet */
u_char rttl = 0; /* TTL for the response packet */
u_int32 gwy = 0; /* User-supplied last-hop router address */
u_int32 tdst = 0; /* Address where trace is sent (last-hop) */
vifi_t numvifs; /* to keep loader happy */
/* (see kern.c) */
#ifndef SYSV
extern long random();
#endif
extern int errno;
char * inet_name __P((u_int32 addr));
u_int32 host_addr __P((char *name));
/* u_int is promoted u_char */
char * proto_type __P((u_int type));
char * flag_type __P((u_int type));
u_int32 get_netmask __P((int s, u_int32 dst));
int get_ttl __P((struct resp_buf *buf));
int t_diff __P((u_long a, u_long b));
u_long fixtime __P((u_long time));
int send_recv __P((u_int32 dst, int type, int code,
int tries, struct resp_buf *save));
char * print_host __P((u_int32 addr));
void print_trace __P((int index, struct resp_buf *buf));
int what_kind __P((struct resp_buf *buf));
char * scale __P((int *hop));
void stat_line __P((struct tr_resp *r, struct tr_resp *s,
int have_next));
void fixup_stats __P((struct resp_buf *base,
struct resp_buf *new));
int print_stats __P((struct resp_buf *base,
struct resp_buf *prev,
struct resp_buf *new));
void check_vif_state __P((void));
int main __P((int argc, char *argv[]));
char *
inet_name(addr)
u_int32 addr;
{
struct hostent *e;
e = gethostbyaddr((char *)&addr, sizeof(addr), AF_INET);
return e ? e->h_name : "?";
}
u_int32
host_addr(name)
char *name;
{
struct hostent *e = (struct hostent *)0;
u_int32 addr;
int i, dots = 3;
char buf[40];
char *ip = name;
char *op = buf;
/*
* Undo BSD's favor -- take fewer than 4 octets as net/subnet address
* if the name is all numeric.
*/
for (i = sizeof(buf) - 7; i > 0; --i) {
if (*ip == '.') --dots;
else if (*ip == '\0') break;
else if (!isdigit(*ip)) dots = 0; /* Not numeric, don't add zeroes */
*op++ = *ip++;
}
for (i = 0; i < dots; ++i) {
*op++ = '.';
*op++ = '0';
}
*op = '\0';
if (dots <= 0) e = gethostbyname(name);
if (e) memcpy((char *)&addr, e->h_addr_list[0], e->h_length);
else {
addr = inet_addr(buf);
if (addr == -1) {
addr = 0;
printf("Could not parse %s as host name or address\n", name);
}
}
return addr;
}
char *
proto_type(type)
u_int type;
{
static char buf[80];
switch (type) {
case PROTO_DVMRP:
return ("DVMRP");
case PROTO_MOSPF:
return ("MOSPF");
case PROTO_PIM:
return ("PIM");
case PROTO_CBT:
return ("CBT");
default:
(void) sprintf(buf, "Unknown protocol code %d", type);
return (buf);
}
}
char *
flag_type(type)
u_int type;
{
static char buf[80];
switch (type) {
case TR_NO_ERR:
return ("");
case TR_WRONG_IF:
return ("Wrong interface");
case TR_PRUNED:
return ("Prune sent upstream");
case TR_OPRUNED:
return ("Output pruned");
case TR_SCOPED:
return ("Hit scope boundary");
case TR_NO_RTE:
return ("No route");
case TR_OLD_ROUTER:
return ("Next router no mtrace");
case TR_NO_FWD:
return ("Not forwarding");
case TR_NO_SPACE:
return ("No space in packet");
default:
(void) sprintf(buf, "Unknown error code %d", type);
return (buf);
}
}
/*
* If destination is on a local net, get the netmask, else set the
* netmask to all ones. There are two side effects: if the local
* address was not explicitly set, and if the destination is on a
* local net, use that one; in either case, verify that the local
* address is valid.
*/
u_int32
get_netmask(s, dst)
int s;
u_int32 dst;
{
unsigned int i;
char ifbuf[5000];
struct ifconf ifc;
struct ifreq *ifr;
u_int32 if_addr, if_mask;
u_int32 retval = 0xFFFFFFFF;
int found = FALSE;
ifc.ifc_buf = ifbuf;
ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(ifbuf);
if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *) &ifc) < 0) {
perror("ioctl (SIOCGIFCONF)");
return (retval);
}
i = ifc.ifc_len / sizeof(struct ifreq);
ifr = ifc.ifc_req;
for (; i > 0; i--, ifr++) {
if_addr = ((struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr->ifr_addr))->sin_addr.s_addr;
if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFNETMASK, (char *)ifr) >= 0) {
if_mask = ((struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr->ifr_addr))->sin_addr.s_addr;
if ((dst & if_mask) == (if_addr & if_mask)) {
retval = if_mask;
if (lcl_addr == 0) lcl_addr = if_addr;
}
}
if (lcl_addr == if_addr) found = TRUE;
}
if (!found && lcl_addr != 0) {
printf("Interface address is not valid\n");
exit(1);
}
return (retval);
}
int
get_ttl(buf)
struct resp_buf *buf;
{
register rno;
register struct tr_resp *b;
register ttl;
if (buf && (rno = buf->len) > 0) {
b = buf->resps + rno - 1;
ttl = b->tr_fttl;
while (--rno > 0) {
--b;
if (ttl < b->tr_fttl) ttl = b->tr_fttl;
else ++ttl;
}
ttl += MULTICAST_TTL_INC;
if (ttl < MULTICAST_TTL1) ttl = MULTICAST_TTL1;
if (ttl > MULTICAST_TTL_MAX) ttl = MULTICAST_TTL_MAX;
return (ttl);
} else return(MULTICAST_TTL1);
}
/*
* Calculate the difference between two 32-bit NTP timestamps and return
* the result in milliseconds.
*/
int
t_diff(a, b)
u_long a, b;
{
int d = a - b;
return ((d * 125) >> 13);
}
/*
* Fixup for incorrect time format in 3.3 mrouted.
* This is possible because (JAN_1970 mod 64K) is quite close to 32K,
* so correct and incorrect times will be far apart.
*/
u_long
fixtime(time)
u_long time;
{
if (abs((int)(time-base.qtime)) > 0x3FFFFFFF)
time = ((time & 0xFFFF0000) + (JAN_1970 << 16)) +
((time & 0xFFFF) << 14) / 15625;
return (time);
}
int
send_recv(dst, type, code, tries, save)
u_int32 dst;
int type, code, tries;
struct resp_buf *save;
{
fd_set fds;
struct timeval tq, tr, tv;
struct ip *ip;
struct igmp *igmp;
struct tr_query *query, *rquery;
int ipdatalen, iphdrlen, igmpdatalen;
u_int32 local, group;
int datalen;
int count, recvlen, dummy = 0;
int len;
int i;
if (type == IGMP_MTRACE) {
group = qgrp;
datalen = sizeof(struct tr_query);
} else {
group = htonl(MROUTED_LEVEL);
datalen = 0;
}
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(dst))) local = lcl_addr;
else local = INADDR_ANY;
/*
* If the reply address was not explictly specified, start off
* with the unicast address of this host. Then, if there is no
* response after trying half the tries with unicast, switch to
* the standard multicast reply address. If the TTL was also not
* specified, set a multicast TTL and if needed increase it for the
* last quarter of the tries.
*/
query = (struct tr_query *)(send_buf + MIN_IP_HEADER_LEN + IGMP_MINLEN);
query->tr_raddr = raddr ? raddr : multicast ? resp_cast : lcl_addr;
query->tr_rttl = rttl ? rttl :
IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(query->tr_raddr)) ? get_ttl(save) : UNICAST_TTL;
query->tr_src = qsrc;
query->tr_dst = qdst;
for (i = tries ; i > 0; --i) {
if (tries == nqueries && raddr == 0) {
if (i == ((nqueries + 1) >> 1)) {
query->tr_raddr = resp_cast;
if (rttl == 0) query->tr_rttl = get_ttl(save);
}
if (i <= ((nqueries + 3) >> 2) && rttl == 0) {
query->tr_rttl += MULTICAST_TTL_INC;
if (query->tr_rttl > MULTICAST_TTL_MAX)
query->tr_rttl = MULTICAST_TTL_MAX;
}
}
/*
* Change the qid for each request sent to avoid being confused
* by duplicate responses
*/
#ifdef SYSV
query->tr_qid = ((u_int32)lrand48() >> 8);
#else
query->tr_qid = ((u_int32)random() >> 8);
#endif
/*
* Set timer to calculate delays, then send query
*/
gettimeofday(&tq, 0);
send_igmp(local, dst, type, code, group, datalen);
/*
* Wait for response, discarding false alarms
*/
while (TRUE) {
FD_ZERO(&fds);
FD_SET(igmp_socket, &fds);
gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
tv.tv_sec = tq.tv_sec + timeout - tv.tv_sec;
tv.tv_usec = tq.tv_usec - tv.tv_usec;
if (tv.tv_usec < 0) tv.tv_usec += 1000000L, --tv.tv_sec;
if (tv.tv_sec < 0) tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_usec = 0;
count = select(igmp_socket + 1, &fds, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0,
&tv);
if (count < 0) {
if (errno != EINTR) perror("select");
continue;
} else if (count == 0) {
printf("* ");
fflush(stdout);
break;
}
gettimeofday(&tr, 0);
recvlen = recvfrom(igmp_socket, recv_buf, RECV_BUF_SIZE,
0, (struct sockaddr *)0, &dummy);
if (recvlen <= 0) {
if (recvlen && errno != EINTR) perror("recvfrom");
continue;
}
if (recvlen < sizeof(struct ip)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"packet too short (%u bytes) for IP header", recvlen);
continue;
}
ip = (struct ip *) recv_buf;
if (ip->ip_p == 0) /* ignore cache creation requests */
continue;
iphdrlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
ipdatalen = ip->ip_len;
if (iphdrlen + ipdatalen != recvlen) {
fprintf(stderr,
"packet shorter (%u bytes) than hdr+data len (%u+%u)\n",
recvlen, iphdrlen, ipdatalen);
continue;
}
igmp = (struct igmp *) (recv_buf + iphdrlen);
igmpdatalen = ipdatalen - IGMP_MINLEN;
if (igmpdatalen < 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"IP data field too short (%u bytes) for IGMP from %s\n",
ipdatalen, inet_fmt(ip->ip_src.s_addr, s1));
continue;
}
switch (igmp->igmp_type) {
case IGMP_DVMRP:
if (igmp->igmp_code != DVMRP_NEIGHBORS2) continue;
len = igmpdatalen;
/*
* Accept DVMRP_NEIGHBORS2 response if it comes from the
* address queried or if that address is one of the local
* addresses in the response.
*/
if (ip->ip_src.s_addr != dst) {
register u_int32 *p = (u_int32 *)(igmp + 1);
register u_int32 *ep = p + (len >> 2);
while (p < ep) {
register u_int32 laddr = *p++;
register int n = ntohl(*p++) & 0xFF;
if (laddr == dst) {
ep = p + 1; /* ensure p < ep after loop */
break;
}
p += n;
}
if (p >= ep) continue;
}
break;
case IGMP_MTRACE: /* For backward compatibility with 3.3 */
case IGMP_MTRACE_RESP:
if (igmpdatalen <= QLEN) continue;
if ((igmpdatalen - QLEN)%RLEN) {
printf("packet with incorrect datalen\n");
continue;
}
/*
* Ignore responses that don't match query.
*/
rquery = (struct tr_query *)(igmp + 1);
if (rquery->tr_qid != query->tr_qid) continue;
if (rquery->tr_src != qsrc) continue;
if (rquery->tr_dst != qdst) continue;
len = (igmpdatalen - QLEN)/RLEN;
/*
* Ignore trace queries passing through this node when
* mtrace is run on an mrouter that is in the path
* (needed only because IGMP_MTRACE is accepted above
* for backward compatibility with multicast release 3.3).
*/
if (igmp->igmp_type == IGMP_MTRACE) {
struct tr_resp *r = (struct tr_resp *)(rquery+1) + len - 1;
u_int32 smask;
VAL_TO_MASK(smask, r->tr_smask);
if (len < code && (r->tr_inaddr & smask) != (qsrc & smask)
&& r->tr_rmtaddr != 0 && !(r->tr_rflags & 0x80))
continue;
}
/*
* A match, we'll keep this one.
*/
if (len > code) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Num hops received (%d) exceeds request (%d)\n",
len, code);
}
rquery->tr_raddr = query->tr_raddr; /* Insure these are */
rquery->tr_rttl = query->tr_rttl; /* as we sent them */
break;
default:
continue;
}
/*
* Most of the sanity checking done at this point.
* Return this packet we have been waiting for.
*/
if (save) {
save->qtime = ((tq.tv_sec + JAN_1970) << 16) +
(tq.tv_usec << 10) / 15625;
save->rtime = ((tr.tv_sec + JAN_1970) << 16) +
(tr.tv_usec << 10) / 15625;
save->len = len;
bcopy((char *)igmp, (char *)&save->igmp, ipdatalen);
}
return (recvlen);
}
}
return (0);
}
char *
print_host(addr)
u_int32 addr;
{
char *name;
if (numeric) {
printf("%s", inet_fmt(addr, s1));
return ("");
}
name = inet_name(addr);
printf("%s (%s)", name, inet_fmt(addr, s1));
return (name);
}
/*
* Print responses as received (reverse path from dst to src)
*/
void
print_trace(index, buf)
int index;
struct resp_buf *buf;
{
struct tr_resp *r;
char *name;
int i;
i = abs(index);
r = buf->resps + i - 1;
for (; i <= buf->len; ++i, ++r) {
if (index > 0) printf("%3d ", -i);
name = print_host(r->tr_outaddr);
printf(" %s thresh^ %d %d ms %s\n", proto_type(r->tr_rproto),
r->tr_fttl, t_diff(fixtime(ntohl(r->tr_qarr)), buf->qtime),
flag_type(r->tr_rflags));
memcpy(names[i-1], name, sizeof(names[0]) - 1);
names[i-1][sizeof(names[0])-1] = '\0';
}
}
/*
* See what kind of router is the next hop
*/
int
what_kind(buf)
struct resp_buf *buf;
{
u_int32 smask;
int retval;
int hops = buf->len;
struct tr_resp *r = buf->resps + hops - 1;
u_int32 next = r->tr_rmtaddr;
retval = send_recv(next, IGMP_DVMRP, DVMRP_ASK_NEIGHBORS2, 1, &incr[0]);
print_host(next);
if (retval) {
u_int32 version = ntohl(incr[0].igmp.igmp_group.s_addr);
u_int32 *p = (u_int32 *)incr[0].ndata;
u_int32 *ep = p + (incr[0].len >> 2);
char *type = "";
retval = 0;
switch (version & 0xFF) {
case 1:
type = "proteon/mrouted ";
retval = 1;
break;
case 2:
case 3:
if (((version >> 8) & 0xFF) < 3) retval = 1;
/* Fall through */
case 4:
type = "mrouted ";
break;
case 10:
type = "cisco ";
}
printf(" [%s%d.%d] didn't respond\n",
type, version & 0xFF, (version >> 8) & 0xFF);
VAL_TO_MASK(smask, r->tr_smask);
while (p < ep) {
register u_int32 laddr = *p++;
register int flags = (ntohl(*p) & 0xFF00) >> 8;
register int n = ntohl(*p++) & 0xFF;
if (!(flags & (DVMRP_NF_DOWN | DVMRP_NF_DISABLED)) &&
(laddr & smask) == (qsrc & smask)) {
printf("%3d ", -(hops+2));
print_host(qsrc);
printf("\n");
return 1;
}
p += n;
}
return retval;
}
printf(" didn't respond\n");
return 0;
}
char *
scale(hop)
int *hop;
{
if (*hop > -1000 && *hop < 10000) return (" ms");
*hop /= 1000;
if (*hop > -1000 && *hop < 10000) return (" s ");
return ("s ");
}
/*
* Calculate and print one line of packet loss and packet rate statistics.
* Checks for count of all ones from mrouted 2.3 that doesn't have counters.
*/
#define NEITHER 0
#define INS 1
#define OUTS 2
#define BOTH 3
void
stat_line(r, s, have_next)
struct tr_resp *r, *s;
int have_next;
{
register timediff = (fixtime(ntohl(s->tr_qarr)) -
fixtime(ntohl(r->tr_qarr))) >> 16;
register v_lost, v_pct;
register g_lost, g_pct;
register v_out = ntohl(s->tr_vifout) - ntohl(r->tr_vifout);
register g_out = ntohl(s->tr_pktcnt) - ntohl(r->tr_pktcnt);
register v_pps, g_pps;
char v_str[8], g_str[8];
register have = NEITHER;
if (timediff == 0) timediff = 1;
v_pps = v_out / timediff;
g_pps = g_out / timediff;
if (v_out || s->tr_vifout != 0xFFFFFFFF) have |= OUTS;
if (have_next) {
--r, --s;
if (s->tr_vifin != 0xFFFFFFFF || r->tr_vifin != 0xFFFFFFFF)
have |= INS;
}
switch (have) {
case BOTH:
v_lost = v_out - (ntohl(s->tr_vifin) - ntohl(r->tr_vifin));
if (v_out) v_pct = (v_lost * 100 + (v_out >> 1)) / v_out;
else v_pct = 0;
if (-100 < v_pct && v_pct < 101 && v_out > 10)
sprintf(v_str, "%3d", v_pct);
else memcpy(v_str, " --", 4);
g_lost = g_out - (ntohl(s->tr_pktcnt) - ntohl(r->tr_pktcnt));
if (g_out) g_pct = (g_lost * 100 + (g_out >> 1))/ g_out;
else g_pct = 0;
if (-100 < g_pct && g_pct < 101 && g_out > 10)
sprintf(g_str, "%3d", g_pct);
else memcpy(g_str, " --", 4);
printf("%6d/%-5d=%s%%%4d pps%6d/%-5d=%s%%%4d pps\n",
v_lost, v_out, v_str, v_pps, g_lost, g_out, g_str, g_pps);
if (debug > 2) {
printf("\t\t\t\tv_in: %ld ", ntohl(s->tr_vifin));
printf("v_out: %ld ", ntohl(s->tr_vifout));
printf("pkts: %ld\n", ntohl(s->tr_pktcnt));
printf("\t\t\t\tv_in: %ld ", ntohl(r->tr_vifin));
printf("v_out: %ld ", ntohl(r->tr_vifout));
printf("pkts: %ld\n", ntohl(r->tr_pktcnt));
printf("\t\t\t\tv_in: %ld ",ntohl(s->tr_vifin)-ntohl(r->tr_vifin));
printf("v_out: %ld ", ntohl(s->tr_vifout) - ntohl(r->tr_vifout));
printf("pkts: %ld ", ntohl(s->tr_pktcnt) - ntohl(r->tr_pktcnt));
printf("time: %d\n", timediff);
}
break;
case INS:
v_out = (ntohl(s->tr_vifin) - ntohl(r->tr_vifin));
g_out = (ntohl(s->tr_pktcnt) - ntohl(r->tr_pktcnt));
v_pps = v_out / timediff;
g_pps = g_out / timediff;
/* Fall through */
case OUTS:
printf(" %-5d %4d pps %-5d %4d pps\n",
v_out, v_pps, g_out, g_pps);
break;
case NEITHER:
printf("\n");
break;
}
}
/*
* A fixup to check if any pktcnt has been reset.
*/
void
fixup_stats(base, new)
struct resp_buf *base, *new;
{
register rno = base->len;
register struct tr_resp *b = base->resps + rno;
register struct tr_resp *n = new->resps + rno;
while (--rno >= 0)
if (ntohl((--n)->tr_pktcnt) < ntohl((--b)->tr_pktcnt)) break;
if (rno < 0) return;
rno = base->len;
b = base->resps + rno;
n = new->resps + rno;
while (--rno >= 0) (--b)->tr_pktcnt = (--n)->tr_pktcnt;
}
/*
* Print responses with statistics for forward path (from src to dst)
*/
int
print_stats(base, prev, new)
struct resp_buf *base, *prev, *new;
{
int rtt, hop;
register char *ms;
register u_int32 smask;
register rno = base->len - 1;
register struct tr_resp *b = base->resps + rno;
register struct tr_resp *p = prev->resps + rno;
register struct tr_resp *n = new->resps + rno;
register u_long resptime = new->rtime;
register u_long qarrtime = fixtime(ntohl(n->tr_qarr));
register ttl = n->tr_fttl;
VAL_TO_MASK(smask, b->tr_smask);
printf(" Source Response Dest");
printf(" Packet Statistics For Only For Traffic\n");
printf("%-15s %-15s All Multicast Traffic From %s\n",
((b->tr_inaddr & smask) == (qsrc & smask)) ? s1 : " * * * ",
inet_fmt(base->qhdr.tr_raddr, s2), inet_fmt(qsrc, s1));
rtt = t_diff(resptime, new->qtime);
ms = scale(&rtt);
printf(" | __/ rtt%5d%s Lost/Sent = Pct Rate To %s\n",
rtt, ms, inet_fmt(qgrp, s2));
hop = t_diff(resptime, qarrtime);
ms = scale(&hop);
printf(" v / hop%5d%s", hop, ms);
printf(" --------------------- --------------------\n");
if (debug > 2) {
printf("\t\t\t\tv_in: %ld ", ntohl(n->tr_vifin));
printf("v_out: %ld ", ntohl(n->tr_vifout));
printf("pkts: %ld\n", ntohl(n->tr_pktcnt));
printf("\t\t\t\tv_in: %ld ", ntohl(b->tr_vifin));
printf("v_out: %ld ", ntohl(b->tr_vifout));
printf("pkts: %ld\n", ntohl(b->tr_pktcnt));
printf("\t\t\t\tv_in: %ld ", ntohl(n->tr_vifin) - ntohl(b->tr_vifin));
printf("v_out: %ld ", ntohl(n->tr_vifout) - ntohl(b->tr_vifout));
printf("pkts: %ld\n", ntohl(n->tr_pktcnt) - ntohl(b->tr_pktcnt));
}
while (TRUE) {
if ((n->tr_inaddr != b->tr_inaddr) || (n->tr_inaddr != b->tr_inaddr))
return 1; /* Route changed */
if ((n->tr_inaddr != n->tr_outaddr))
printf("%-15s\n", inet_fmt(n->tr_inaddr, s1));
printf("%-15s %-14s %s\n", inet_fmt(n->tr_outaddr, s1), names[rno],
flag_type(n->tr_rflags));
if (rno-- < 1) break;
printf(" | ^ ttl%5d ", ttl);
if (prev == new) printf("\n");
else stat_line(p, n, TRUE);
resptime = qarrtime;
qarrtime = fixtime(ntohl((n-1)->tr_qarr));
hop = t_diff(resptime, qarrtime);
ms = scale(&hop);
printf(" v | hop%5d%s", hop, ms);
stat_line(b, n, TRUE);
--b, --p, --n;
if (ttl < n->tr_fttl) ttl = n->tr_fttl;
else ++ttl;
}
printf(" | \\__ ttl%5d ", ttl);
if (prev == new) printf("\n");
else stat_line(p, n, FALSE);
hop = t_diff(qarrtime, new->qtime);
ms = scale(&hop);
printf(" v \\ hop%5d%s", hop, ms);
stat_line(b, n, FALSE);
printf("%-15s %s\n", inet_fmt(qdst, s1), inet_fmt(lcl_addr, s2));
printf(" Receiver Query Source\n\n");
return 0;
}
/***************************************************************************
* main
***************************************************************************/
int
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
int udp;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
int addrlen = sizeof(addr);
int recvlen;
struct timeval tv;
struct resp_buf *prev, *new;
struct tr_resp *r;
u_int32 smask;
int rno;
int hops, nexthop, tries;
u_int32 lastout = 0;
int numstats = 1;
int waittime;
int seed;
if (geteuid() != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "mtrace: must be root\n");
exit(1);
}
argv++, argc--;
if (argc == 0) goto usage;
while (argc > 0 && *argv[0] == '-') {
register char *p = *argv++; argc--;
p++;
do {
register char c = *p++;
register char *arg = (char *) 0;
if (isdigit(*p)) {
arg = p;
p = "";
} else if (argc > 0) arg = argv[0];
switch (c) {
case 'd': /* Unlisted debug print option */
if (arg && isdigit(*arg)) {
debug = atoi(arg);
if (debug < 0) debug = 0;
if (debug > 3) debug = 3;
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 'M': /* Use multicast for reponse */
multicast = TRUE;
break;
case 'l': /* Loop updating stats indefinitely */
numstats = 3153600;
break;
case 'n': /* Don't reverse map host addresses */
numeric = TRUE;
break;
case 'p': /* Passive listen for traces */
passive = TRUE;
break;
case 's': /* Short form, don't wait for stats */
numstats = 0;
break;
case 'w': /* Time to wait for packet arrival */
if (arg && isdigit(*arg)) {
timeout = atoi(arg);
if (timeout < 1) timeout = 1;
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 'm': /* Max number of hops to trace */
if (arg && isdigit(*arg)) {
qno = atoi(arg);
if (qno > MAXHOPS) qno = MAXHOPS;
else if (qno < 1) qno = 0;
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 'q': /* Number of query retries */
if (arg && isdigit(*arg)) {
nqueries = atoi(arg);
if (nqueries < 1) nqueries = 1;
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 'g': /* Last-hop gateway (dest of query) */
if (arg && (gwy = host_addr(arg))) {
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 't': /* TTL for query packet */
if (arg && isdigit(*arg)) {
qttl = atoi(arg);
if (qttl < 1) qttl = 1;
rttl = qttl;
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 'r': /* Dest for response packet */
if (arg && (raddr = host_addr(arg))) {
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
case 'i': /* Local interface address */
if (arg && (lcl_addr = host_addr(arg))) {
if (arg == argv[0]) argv++, argc--;
break;
} else
goto usage;
default:
goto usage;
}
} while (*p);
}
if (argc > 0 && (qsrc = host_addr(argv[0]))) { /* Source of path */
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(qsrc))) goto usage;
argv++, argc--;
if (argc > 0 && (qdst = host_addr(argv[0]))) { /* Dest of path */
argv++, argc--;
if (argc > 0 && (qgrp = host_addr(argv[0]))) { /* Path via group */
argv++, argc--;
}
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(qdst))) {
u_int32 temp = qdst;
qdst = qgrp;
qgrp = temp;
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(qdst))) goto usage;
} else if (qgrp && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(qgrp))) goto usage;
}
}
if (argc > 0 || qsrc == 0) {
usage: printf("\
Usage: mtrace [-Mlnps] [-w wait] [-m max_hops] [-q nqueries] [-g gateway]\n\
[-t ttl] [-r resp_dest] [-i if_addr] source [receiver] [group]\n");
exit(1);
}
init_igmp();
/*
* Set useful defaults for as many parameters as possible.
*/
defgrp = htonl(0xE0020001); /* MBone Audio (224.2.0.1) */
query_cast = htonl(0xE0000002); /* All routers multicast addr */
resp_cast = htonl(0xE0000120); /* Mtrace response multicast addr */
if (qgrp == 0) qgrp = defgrp;
/*
* Get default local address for multicasts to use in setting defaults.
*/
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
#if (defined(BSD) && (BSD >= 199103))
addr.sin_len = sizeof(addr);
#endif
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = qgrp;
addr.sin_port = htons(2000); /* Any port above 1024 will do */
if (((udp = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) ||
(connect(udp, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) ||
getsockname(udp, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, &addrlen) < 0) {
perror("Determining local address");
exit(-1);
}
/*
* Default destination for path to be queried is the local host.
*/
if (qdst == 0) qdst = lcl_addr ? lcl_addr : addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
dst_netmask = get_netmask(udp, qdst);
close(udp);
if (lcl_addr == 0) lcl_addr = addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
/*
* Initialize the seed for random query identifiers.
*/
gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
seed = tv.tv_usec ^ lcl_addr;
#ifdef SYSV
srand48(seed);
#else
srandom(seed);
#endif
/*
* Protect against unicast queries to mrouted versions that might crash.
*/
if (gwy && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(gwy)))
if (send_recv(gwy, IGMP_DVMRP, DVMRP_ASK_NEIGHBORS2, 1, &incr[0])) {
int version = ntohl(incr[0].igmp.igmp_group.s_addr) & 0xFFFF;
if (version == 0x0303 || version == 0x0503) {
printf("Don't use -g to address an mrouted 3.%d, it might crash\n",
(version >> 8) & 0xFF);
exit(0);
}
}
printf("Mtrace from %s to %s via group %s\n",
inet_fmt(qsrc, s1), inet_fmt(qdst, s2), inet_fmt(qgrp, s3));
if ((qdst & dst_netmask) == (qsrc & dst_netmask)) {
printf("Source & receiver are directly connected, no path to trace\n");
exit(0);
}
/*
* If the response is to be a multicast address, make sure we
* are listening on that multicast address.
*/
if (raddr) {
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(raddr))) k_join(raddr, lcl_addr);
} else k_join(resp_cast, lcl_addr);
/*
* If the destination is on the local net, the last-hop router can
* be found by multicast to the all-routers multicast group.
* Otherwise, use the group address that is the subject of the
* query since by definition the last-hop router will be a member.
* Set default TTLs for local remote multicasts.
*/
restart:
if (gwy == 0)
if ((qdst & dst_netmask) == (lcl_addr & dst_netmask)) tdst = query_cast;
else tdst = qgrp;
else tdst = gwy;
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(tdst))) {
k_set_loop(1); /* If I am running on a router, I need to hear this */
if (tdst == query_cast) k_set_ttl(qttl ? qttl : 1);
else k_set_ttl(qttl ? qttl : MULTICAST_TTL1);
}
/*
* Try a query at the requested number of hops or MAXOPS if unspecified.
*/
if (qno == 0) {
hops = MAXHOPS;
tries = 1;
printf("Querying full reverse path... ");
fflush(stdout);
} else {
hops = qno;
tries = nqueries;
printf("Querying reverse path, maximum %d hops... ", qno);
fflush(stdout);
}
base.rtime = 0;
base.len = 0;
recvlen = send_recv(tdst, IGMP_MTRACE, hops, tries, &base);
/*
* If the initial query was successful, print it. Otherwise, if
* the query max hop count is the default of zero, loop starting
* from one until there is no response for four hops. The extra
* hops allow getting past an mtrace-capable mrouter that can't
* send multicast packets because all phyints are disabled.
*/
if (recvlen) {
printf("\n 0 ");
print_host(qdst);
printf("\n");
print_trace(1, &base);
r = base.resps + base.len - 1;
if (r->tr_rflags == TR_OLD_ROUTER) {
printf("%3d ", -(base.len+1));
what_kind(&base);
} else {
VAL_TO_MASK(smask, r->tr_smask);
if ((r->tr_inaddr & smask) == (qsrc & smask)) {
printf("%3d ", -(base.len+1));
print_host(qsrc);
printf("\n");
}
}
} else if (qno == 0) {
printf("switching to hop-by-hop:\n 0 ");
print_host(qdst);
printf("\n");
for (hops = 1, nexthop = 1; hops <= MAXHOPS; ++hops) {
printf("%3d ", -hops);
fflush(stdout);
/*
* After a successful first hop, try switching to the unicast
* address of the last-hop router instead of multicasting the
* trace query. This should be safe for mrouted versions 3.3
* and 3.5 because there is a long route timeout with metric
* infinity before a route disappears. Switching to unicast
* reduces the amount of multicast traffic and avoids a bug
* with duplicate suppression in mrouted 3.5.
*/
if (hops == 2 && gwy == 0 &&
(recvlen = send_recv(lastout, IGMP_MTRACE, hops, 1, &base)))
tdst = lastout;
else recvlen = send_recv(tdst, IGMP_MTRACE, hops, nqueries, &base);
if (recvlen == 0) {
if (hops == 1) break;
if (hops == nexthop) {
if (what_kind(&base)) {
/* the ask_neighbors determined that the
* not-responding router is the first-hop. */
break;
}
} else if (hops < nexthop + 3) {
printf("\n");
} else {
printf("...giving up\n");
break;
}
continue;
}
r = base.resps + base.len - 1;
if (base.len == hops &&
(hops == 1 || (base.resps+nexthop-2)->tr_outaddr == lastout)) {
if (hops == nexthop) {
print_trace(-hops, &base);
} else {
printf("\nResuming...\n");
print_trace(nexthop, &base);
}
} else {
if (base.len == hops - 1) {
if (nexthop <= base.len) {
printf("\nResuming...\n");
print_trace(nexthop, &base);
}
} else {
hops = base.len;
printf("\nRoute must have changed...\n");
print_trace(1, &base);
}
if (r->tr_rflags == TR_OLD_ROUTER) {
what_kind(&base);
break;
}
if (r->tr_rflags == TR_NO_SPACE) {
printf("No space left in trace packet for more hops\n");
break; /* XXX could do segmented trace */
}
}
lastout = r->tr_outaddr;
nexthop = hops + 1;
VAL_TO_MASK(smask, r->tr_smask);
if ((r->tr_inaddr & smask) == (qsrc & smask)) {
printf("%3d ", -nexthop);
print_host(qsrc);
printf("\n");
break;
}
if (r->tr_rmtaddr == 0 || (r->tr_rflags & 0x80)) break;
}
}
if (base.rtime == 0) {
printf("Timed out receiving responses\n");
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(tdst)))
if (tdst == query_cast)
printf("Perhaps no local router has a route for source %s\n",
inet_fmt(qsrc, s1));
else
printf("Perhaps receiver %s is not a member of group %s,\n\
or no router local to it has a route for source %s,\n\
or multicast at ttl %d doesn't reach its last-hop router for that source\n",
inet_fmt(qdst, s2), inet_fmt(qgrp, s3), inet_fmt(qsrc, s1),
qttl ? qttl : MULTICAST_TTL1);
exit(1);
}
printf("Round trip time %d ms\n\n", t_diff(base.rtime, base.qtime));
/*
* Use the saved response which was the longest one received,
* and make additional probes after delay to measure loss.
*/
raddr = base.qhdr.tr_raddr;
rttl = base.qhdr.tr_rttl;
gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
waittime = 10 - (((tv.tv_sec + JAN_1970) & 0xFFFF) - (base.qtime >> 16));
prev = new = &incr[numstats&1];
while (numstats--) {
if (waittime < 1) printf("\n");
else {
printf("Waiting to accumulate statistics... ");
fflush(stdout);
sleep((unsigned)waittime);
}
rno = base.len;
recvlen = send_recv(tdst, IGMP_MTRACE, rno, nqueries, new);
if (recvlen == 0) {
printf("Timed out.\n");
exit(1);
}
if (rno != new->len) {
printf("Trace length doesn't match:\n");
print_trace(1, new);
printf("Restarting.\n\n");
goto restart;
}
printf("Results after %d seconds:\n\n",
(int)((new->qtime - base.qtime) >> 16));
fixup_stats(&base, new);
if (print_stats(&base, prev, new)) {
printf("Route changed:\n");
print_trace(1, new);
printf("Restarting.\n\n");
goto restart;
}
prev = new;
new = &incr[numstats&1];
waittime = 10;
}
/*
* If the response was multicast back, leave the group
*/
if (raddr) {
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(raddr))) k_leave(raddr, lcl_addr);
} else k_leave(resp_cast, lcl_addr);
return (0);
}
void
check_vif_state()
{
log(LOG_WARNING, errno, "sendto");
}
/*
* Log errors and other messages to stderr, according to the severity
* of the message and the current debug level. For errors of severity
* LOG_ERR or worse, terminate the program.
*/
#ifdef __STDC__
void
log(int severity, int syserr, char *format, ...)
{
va_list ap;
char fmt[100];
va_start(ap, format);
#else
/*VARARGS3*/
void
log(severity, syserr, format, va_alist)
int severity, syserr;
char *format;
va_dcl
{
va_list ap;
char fmt[100];
va_start(ap);
#endif
switch (debug) {
case 0: if (severity > LOG_WARNING) return;
case 1: if (severity > LOG_NOTICE) return;
case 2: if (severity > LOG_INFO ) return;
default:
fmt[0] = '\0';
if (severity == LOG_WARNING) strcat(fmt, "warning - ");
strncat(fmt, format, 80);
vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
if (syserr == 0)
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
else if(syserr < sys_nerr)
fprintf(stderr, ": %s\n", sys_errlist[syserr]);
else
fprintf(stderr, ": errno %d\n", syserr);
}
if (severity <= LOG_ERR) exit(-1);
}
/* dummies */
void accept_probe(src, dst, p, datalen, level)
u_int32 src, dst, level;
char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
void accept_group_report(src, dst, group, r_type)
u_int32 src, dst, group;
int r_type;
{
}
void accept_neighbor_request2(src, dst)
u_int32 src, dst;
{
}
void accept_report(src, dst, p, datalen, level)
u_int32 src, dst, level;
char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
void accept_neighbor_request(src, dst)
u_int32 src, dst;
{
}
void accept_prune(src, dst, p, datalen)
u_int32 src, dst;
char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
void accept_graft(src, dst, p, datalen)
u_int32 src, dst;
char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
void accept_g_ack(src, dst, p, datalen)
u_int32 src, dst;
char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
void add_table_entry(origin, mcastgrp)
u_int32 origin, mcastgrp;
{
}
void accept_leave_message(src, dst, group)
u_int32 src, dst, group;
{
}
void accept_mtrace(src, dst, group, data, no, datalen)
u_int32 src, dst, group;
char *data;
u_int no;
int datalen;
{
}
void accept_membership_query(src, dst, group, tmo)
u_int32 src, dst, group;
int tmo;
{
}
void accept_neighbors(src, dst, p, datalen, level)
u_int32 src, dst, level;
u_char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
void accept_neighbors2(src, dst, p, datalen, level)
u_int32 src, dst, level;
u_char *p;
int datalen;
{
}
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