275 lines
8.5 KiB
Groff
275 lines
8.5 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2011 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd June 18, 2012
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.Dt ATA 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ata
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.Nd generic ATA/SATA controller driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your
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kernel configuration file:
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.Bd -ragged -offset indent
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.Cd "device scbus"
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.Cd "device ata"
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.Cd "options ATA_CAM"
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Alternatively, to load the driver as set of modules at boot time,
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place some of the following lines in
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.Xr loader.conf 5 :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ata_load="YES"
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atacard_load="YES"
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ataisa_load="YES"
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atapci_load="YES"
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ataacard_load="YES"
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ataacerlabs_load="YES"
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ataadaptec_load="YES"
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ataahci_load="YES"
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ataamd_load="YES"
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ataati_load="YES"
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atacenatek_load="YES"
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atacypress_load="YES"
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atacyrix_load="YES"
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atahighpoint_load="YES"
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ataintel_load="YES"
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ataite_load="YES"
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atajmicron_load="YES"
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atamarvell_load="YES"
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atamicron_load="YES"
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atanational_load="YES"
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atanetcell_load="YES"
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atanvidia_load="YES"
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atapromise_load="YES"
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ataserverworks_load="YES"
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atasiliconimage_load="YES"
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atasis_load="YES"
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atavia_load="YES"
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The first line is for the common hardware independent code, and is a
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prerequisite for the other modules.
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The next three lines are generic bus-specific drivers.
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Of the rest, ataahci is the AHCI driver.
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The others are vendor-specific PCI drivers.
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The
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.Dv ATA_CAM
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option should always remain in the kernel configuration, to make
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the driver work as a
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.Xr CAM 4
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subsystem module.
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.Pp
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The following tunables are settable from the
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.Xr loader 8 :
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.Bl -ohang
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.It Va hw.ahci.force
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set to nonzero value for forcing drivers to attach to some known AHCI-capable
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chips even if they are configured for legacy IDE emulation (the default is 1,
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force the attach).
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.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
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set to 0 to disable the 80pin cable check (the default is 1, check the cable).
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.It Va hint.atapci.X.msi
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set to 1 to allow Message Signalled Interrupts (MSI) to be used by the
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specified PCI ATA controller, if supported.
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.It Va hint.ata.X.devX.mode
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limits the initial ATA mode for the specified device on specified the channel.
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.It Va hint.ata.X.mode
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limits the initial ATA mode for every device on the specified channel.
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.It Va hint.ata.X.pm_level
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controls SATA interface Power Management for the specified channel,
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allowing some power savings at the cost of additional command latency.
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Possible values:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent -compact
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.It 0
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Interface Power Management is disabled.
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This is the default value.
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.It 1
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The device is allowed to initiate a PM state change; the host is passive.
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.It 2
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The host initiates a PARTIAL PM state transition every time a port becomes idle.
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.It 3
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host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
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.El
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.Pp
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Modes 2 and 3 are only supported for AHCI.
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.El
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver gives the
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.Xr CAM 4
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subsystem access to the ATA (IDE) and SATA ports
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of many generic controllers.
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Depending on the controller, each PATA (IDE)
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port or each one or two SATA ports are
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represented to CAM as a separate bus with one or two targets.
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Most of the bus-management details are handled by the ATA/SATA-specific
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transport of CAM.
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Connected ATA disks are handled by the ATA protocol disk peripheral driver
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.Xr ada 4 .
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ATAPI devices are handled by the SCSI protocol peripheral drivers
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.Xr cd 4 ,
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.Xr da 4 ,
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.Xr sa 4 ,
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etc.
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.Pp
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This driver supports ATA, and for the most of controllers, ATAPI devices.
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Command queuing and SATA port multipliers are not supported.
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Device hot-plug and SATA interface power management is supported only on
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some controllers.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver can change the transfer mode when the system is up and running.
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See the
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.Cm negotiate
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subcommand of
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.Xr camcontrol 8 .
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
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However, the
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.Nm
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driver sometimes warns:
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.Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
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This means that
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the
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.Nm
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driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
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or could not be detected properly,
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or that one of the devices on the channel only accepts up
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to UDMA2/ATA33.
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The
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.Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
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tunable can be set to 0 to disable this check.
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.Sh HARDWARE
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The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
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.It Acard:
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ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
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.It ALI:
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M5228, M5229, M5281, M5283, M5287, M5288, M5289.
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.It AMD:
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AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111, CS5536.
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.It ATI:
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IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, IXP600, IXP700, IXP800.
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.It CMD:
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CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
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.It Cypress:
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Cypress 82C693.
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.It Cyrix:
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Cyrix 5530.
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.It HighPoint:
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HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
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.It Intel:
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6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5,
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ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, SCH, PCH.
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.It ITE:
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IT8211F, IT8212F, IT8213F.
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.It JMicron:
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JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
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.It Marvell
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88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6042, 88SX6081, 88SE6101,
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88SE6102, 88SE6111, 88SE6121, 88SE6141, 88SE6145, 88SX7042.
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.It National:
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SC1100.
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.It NetCell:
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NC3000, NC5000.
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.It nVidia:
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nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4,
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MCP51, MCP55, MCP61, MCP65, MCP67, MCP73, MCP77, MCP79, MCP89.
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.It Promise:
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PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270,
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PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375,
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PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580,
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PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519,
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PDC40718, PDC40719.
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.It ServerWorks:
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HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
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.It Silicon Image:
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SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
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.It SiS:
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SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630,
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SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962,
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SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
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.It VIA:
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VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686,
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VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237,
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VT8237A, VT8237S, VT8251, CX700, VX800, VX855, VX900.
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.El
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.Pp
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Some of above chips are also supported by the more featured
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.Xr ahci 4 ,
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.Xr mvs 4 ,
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and
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.Xr siis 4
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drivers.
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If both drivers are loaded at the same time, those will have precedence.
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.Pp
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Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
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busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
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also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
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not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
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.Sh NOTES
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Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
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.Em must
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use 80 conductor cables.
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Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
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In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the
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quality of the cables.
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SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
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External SATA cables can be 2m long and more, but not all controllers
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work well on long cables, especially at high speeds.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ada 4 ,
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.Xr ahci 4 ,
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.Xr cam 4 ,
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.Xr camcontrol 8 ,
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.Xr cd 4 ,
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.Xr mvs 4 ,
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.Xr siis 4
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver first appeared in
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.Fx 4.0 .
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It was turned into a
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.Xr CAM 4
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interface module in
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.Fx 9.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Alexander Motin
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.Aq mav@FreeBSD.org ,
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.An S\(/oren Schmidt
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.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org
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