freebsd-nq/sys/net/route.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)route.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 11/15/93
 *	$Id: route.c,v 1.34 1996/07/10 01:34:35 fenner Exp $
 */

#include "opt_mrouting.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/socketvar.h>
#include <sys/domain.h>
#include <sys/protosw.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/raw_cb.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_var.h>
#include <netinet/ip_mroute.h>

#define	SA(p) ((struct sockaddr *)(p))

struct route_cb route_cb;
static struct rtstat rtstat;
struct radix_node_head *rt_tables[AF_MAX+1];

static int	rttrash;		/* routes not in table but not freed */

static void rt_maskedcopy __P((struct sockaddr *,
	    struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *));
static void rtable_init __P((void **));

static void
rtable_init(table)
	void **table;
{
	struct domain *dom;
	for (dom = domains; dom; dom = dom->dom_next)
		if (dom->dom_rtattach)
			dom->dom_rtattach(&table[dom->dom_family],
			    dom->dom_rtoffset);
}

void
route_init()
{
	rn_init();	/* initialize all zeroes, all ones, mask table */
	rtable_init((void **)rt_tables);
}

/*
 * Packet routing routines.
 */
void
rtalloc(ro)
	register struct route *ro;
{
	if (ro->ro_rt && ro->ro_rt->rt_ifp && (ro->ro_rt->rt_flags & RTF_UP))
		return;				 /* XXX */
	ro->ro_rt = rtalloc1(&ro->ro_dst, 1, 0UL);
}

void
rtalloc_ign(ro, ignore)
	register struct route *ro;
	u_long ignore;
{
	if (ro->ro_rt && ro->ro_rt->rt_ifp && (ro->ro_rt->rt_flags & RTF_UP))
		return;				 /* XXX */
	ro->ro_rt = rtalloc1(&ro->ro_dst, 1, ignore);
}

struct rtentry *
rtalloc1(dst, report, ignflags)
	register struct sockaddr *dst;
	int report;
	u_long ignflags;
{
	register struct radix_node_head *rnh = rt_tables[dst->sa_family];
	register struct rtentry *rt;
	register struct radix_node *rn;
	struct rtentry *newrt = 0;
	struct rt_addrinfo info;
	u_long nflags;
	int  s = splnet(), err = 0, msgtype = RTM_MISS;

	if (rnh && (rn = rnh->rnh_matchaddr((caddr_t)dst, rnh)) &&
	    ((rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) == 0)) {
		newrt = rt = (struct rtentry *)rn;
		nflags = rt->rt_flags & ~ignflags;
		if (report && (nflags & (RTF_CLONING | RTF_PRCLONING))) {
			err = rtrequest(RTM_RESOLVE, dst, SA(0),
					      SA(0), 0, &newrt);
			if (err) {
				newrt = rt;
				rt->rt_refcnt++;
				goto miss;
			}
			if ((rt = newrt) && (rt->rt_flags & RTF_XRESOLVE)) {
				msgtype = RTM_RESOLVE;
				goto miss;
			}
		} else
			rt->rt_refcnt++;
	} else {
		rtstat.rts_unreach++;
	miss:	if (report) {
			bzero((caddr_t)&info, sizeof(info));
			info.rti_info[RTAX_DST] = dst;
			rt_missmsg(msgtype, &info, 0, err);
		}
	}
	splx(s);
	return (newrt);
}

void
rtfree(rt)
	register struct rtentry *rt;
{
	register struct radix_node_head *rnh =
		rt_tables[rt_key(rt)->sa_family];
	register struct ifaddr *ifa;

	if (rt == 0 || rnh == 0)
		panic("rtfree");
	rt->rt_refcnt--;
	if(rnh->rnh_close && rt->rt_refcnt == 0) {
		rnh->rnh_close((struct radix_node *)rt, rnh);
	}
	if (rt->rt_refcnt <= 0 && (rt->rt_flags & RTF_UP) == 0) {
		if (rt->rt_nodes->rn_flags & (RNF_ACTIVE | RNF_ROOT))
			panic ("rtfree 2");
		rttrash--;
		if (rt->rt_refcnt < 0) {
			printf("rtfree: %p not freed (neg refs)\n", rt);
			return;
		}
		ifa = rt->rt_ifa;
		IFAFREE(ifa);
		if (rt->rt_parent) {
			RTFREE(rt->rt_parent);
		}
		Free(rt_key(rt));
		Free(rt);
	}
}

void
ifafree(ifa)
	register struct ifaddr *ifa;
{
	if (ifa == NULL)
		panic("ifafree");
	if (ifa->ifa_refcnt == 0)
		free(ifa, M_IFADDR);
	else
		ifa->ifa_refcnt--;
}

/*
 * Force a routing table entry to the specified
 * destination to go through the given gateway.
 * Normally called as a result of a routing redirect
 * message from the network layer.
 *
 * N.B.: must be called at splnet
 *
 */
void
rtredirect(dst, gateway, netmask, flags, src, rtp)
	struct sockaddr *dst, *gateway, *netmask, *src;
	int flags;
	struct rtentry **rtp;
{
	register struct rtentry *rt;
	int error = 0;
	short *stat = 0;
	struct rt_addrinfo info;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;

	/* verify the gateway is directly reachable */
	if ((ifa = ifa_ifwithnet(gateway)) == 0) {
		error = ENETUNREACH;
		goto out;
	}
	rt = rtalloc1(dst, 0, 0UL);
	/*
	 * If the redirect isn't from our current router for this dst,
	 * it's either old or wrong.  If it redirects us to ourselves,
	 * we have a routing loop, perhaps as a result of an interface
	 * going down recently.
	 */
#define	equal(a1, a2) (bcmp((caddr_t)(a1), (caddr_t)(a2), (a1)->sa_len) == 0)
	if (!(flags & RTF_DONE) && rt &&
	     (!equal(src, rt->rt_gateway) || rt->rt_ifa != ifa))
		error = EINVAL;
	else if (ifa_ifwithaddr(gateway))
		error = EHOSTUNREACH;
	if (error)
		goto done;
	/*
	 * Create a new entry if we just got back a wildcard entry
	 * or the the lookup failed.  This is necessary for hosts
	 * which use routing redirects generated by smart gateways
	 * to dynamically build the routing tables.
	 */
	if ((rt == 0) || (rt_mask(rt) && rt_mask(rt)->sa_len < 2))
		goto create;
	/*
	 * Don't listen to the redirect if it's
	 * for a route to an interface.
	 */
	if (rt->rt_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) {
		if (((rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST) == 0) && (flags & RTF_HOST)) {
			/*
			 * Changing from route to net => route to host.
			 * Create new route, rather than smashing route to net.
			 */
		create:
			flags |=  RTF_GATEWAY | RTF_DYNAMIC;
			error = rtrequest((int)RTM_ADD, dst, gateway,
				    netmask, flags,
				    (struct rtentry **)0);
			stat = &rtstat.rts_dynamic;
		} else {
			/*
			 * Smash the current notion of the gateway to
			 * this destination.  Should check about netmask!!!
			 */
			rt->rt_flags |= RTF_MODIFIED;
			flags |= RTF_MODIFIED;
			stat = &rtstat.rts_newgateway;
			rt_setgate(rt, rt_key(rt), gateway);
		}
	} else
		error = EHOSTUNREACH;
done:
	if (rt) {
		if (rtp && !error)
			*rtp = rt;
		else
			rtfree(rt);
	}
out:
	if (error)
		rtstat.rts_badredirect++;
	else if (stat != NULL)
		(*stat)++;
	bzero((caddr_t)&info, sizeof(info));
	info.rti_info[RTAX_DST] = dst;
	info.rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY] = gateway;
	info.rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK] = netmask;
	info.rti_info[RTAX_AUTHOR] = src;
	rt_missmsg(RTM_REDIRECT, &info, flags, error);
}

/*
* Routing table ioctl interface.
*/
int
rtioctl(req, data, p)
	int req;
	caddr_t data;
	struct proc *p;
{
#ifdef INET
	/* Multicast goop, grrr... */
#ifdef MROUTING
	return mrt_ioctl(req, data);
#else
	return mrt_ioctl(req, data, p);
#endif
#else /* INET */
	return ENXIO;
#endif /* INET */
}

struct ifaddr *
ifa_ifwithroute(flags, dst, gateway)
	int flags;
	struct sockaddr	*dst, *gateway;
{
	register struct ifaddr *ifa;
	if ((flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0) {
		/*
		 * If we are adding a route to an interface,
		 * and the interface is a pt to pt link
		 * we should search for the destination
		 * as our clue to the interface.  Otherwise
		 * we can use the local address.
		 */
		ifa = 0;
		if (flags & RTF_HOST) {
			ifa = ifa_ifwithdstaddr(dst);
		}
		if (ifa == 0)
			ifa = ifa_ifwithaddr(gateway);
	} else {
		/*
		 * If we are adding a route to a remote net
		 * or host, the gateway may still be on the
		 * other end of a pt to pt link.
		 */
		ifa = ifa_ifwithdstaddr(gateway);
	}
	if (ifa == 0)
		ifa = ifa_ifwithnet(gateway);
	if (ifa == 0) {
		struct rtentry *rt = rtalloc1(dst, 0, 0UL);
		if (rt == 0)
			return (0);
		rt->rt_refcnt--;
		if ((ifa = rt->rt_ifa) == 0)
			return (0);
	}
	if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != dst->sa_family) {
		struct ifaddr *oifa = ifa;
		ifa = ifaof_ifpforaddr(dst, ifa->ifa_ifp);
		if (ifa == 0)
			ifa = oifa;
	}
	return (ifa);
}

#define ROUNDUP(a) (a>0 ? (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(long) - 1))) : sizeof(long))

static int rt_fixdelete(struct radix_node *, void *);
static int rt_fixchange(struct radix_node *, void *);

struct rtfc_arg {
	struct rtentry *rt0;
	struct radix_node_head *rnh;
};

int
rtrequest(req, dst, gateway, netmask, flags, ret_nrt)
	int req, flags;
	struct sockaddr *dst, *gateway, *netmask;
	struct rtentry **ret_nrt;
{
	int s = splnet(); int error = 0;
	register struct rtentry *rt;
	register struct radix_node *rn;
	register struct radix_node_head *rnh;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;
	struct sockaddr *ndst;
#define senderr(x) { error = x ; goto bad; }

	if ((rnh = rt_tables[dst->sa_family]) == 0)
		senderr(ESRCH);
	if (flags & RTF_HOST)
		netmask = 0;
	switch (req) {
	case RTM_DELETE:
		if ((rn = rnh->rnh_deladdr(dst, netmask, rnh)) == 0)
			senderr(ESRCH);
		if (rn->rn_flags & (RNF_ACTIVE | RNF_ROOT))
			panic ("rtrequest delete");
		rt = (struct rtentry *)rn;

		/*
		 * Now search what's left of the subtree for any cloned
		 * routes which might have been formed from this node.
		 */
		if ((rt->rt_flags & RTF_PRCLONING) && netmask) {
			rnh->rnh_walktree_from(rnh, dst, netmask,
					       rt_fixdelete, rt);
		}

		if (rt->rt_gwroute) {
			rt = rt->rt_gwroute; RTFREE(rt);
			(rt = (struct rtentry *)rn)->rt_gwroute = 0;
		}

		/*
		 * NB: RTF_UP must be set during the search above,
		 * because we might delete the last ref, causing
		 * rt to get freed prematurely.
		 */
		rt->rt_flags &= ~RTF_UP;

		if ((ifa = rt->rt_ifa) && ifa->ifa_rtrequest)
			ifa->ifa_rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt, SA(0));
		rttrash++;
		if (ret_nrt)
			*ret_nrt = rt;
		else if (rt->rt_refcnt <= 0) {
			rt->rt_refcnt++;
			rtfree(rt);
		}
		break;

	case RTM_RESOLVE:
		if (ret_nrt == 0 || (rt = *ret_nrt) == 0)
			senderr(EINVAL);
		ifa = rt->rt_ifa;
		flags = rt->rt_flags &
		    ~(RTF_CLONING | RTF_PRCLONING | RTF_STATIC);
		flags |= RTF_WASCLONED;
		gateway = rt->rt_gateway;
		if ((netmask = rt->rt_genmask) == 0)
			flags |= RTF_HOST;
		goto makeroute;

	case RTM_ADD:
		if ((flags & RTF_GATEWAY) && !gateway)
			panic("rtrequest: GATEWAY but no gateway");

		/*
		 * A host route with the destination equal to the gateway
		 * will interfere with keeping LLINFO in the routing
		 * table, so disallow it.
		 */
		if (((flags & (RTF_HOST|RTF_GATEWAY|RTF_LLINFO)) ==
						(RTF_HOST|RTF_GATEWAY)) &&
		    (dst->sa_len == gateway->sa_len) &&
		    (bcmp(dst, gateway, dst->sa_len) == 0))
			senderr(EADDRNOTAVAIL);

		if ((ifa = ifa_ifwithroute(flags, dst, gateway)) == 0)
			senderr(ENETUNREACH);

	makeroute:
		R_Malloc(rt, struct rtentry *, sizeof(*rt));
		if (rt == 0)
			senderr(ENOBUFS);
		Bzero(rt, sizeof(*rt));
		rt->rt_flags = RTF_UP | flags;
		if (rt_setgate(rt, dst, gateway)) {
			Free(rt);
			senderr(ENOBUFS);
		}
		ndst = rt_key(rt);
		if (netmask) {
			rt_maskedcopy(dst, ndst, netmask);
		} else
			Bcopy(dst, ndst, dst->sa_len);

		/*
		 * This moved from below so that rnh->rnh_addaddr() can
		 * examine the ifa and ifp if it so desires.
		 */
		ifa->ifa_refcnt++;
		rt->rt_ifa = ifa;
		rt->rt_ifp = ifa->ifa_ifp;

		rn = rnh->rnh_addaddr((caddr_t)ndst, (caddr_t)netmask,
					rnh, rt->rt_nodes);
		if (rn == 0) {
			struct rtentry *rt2;
			/*
			 * Uh-oh, we already have one of these in the tree.
			 * We do a special hack: if the route that's already
			 * there was generated by the protocol-cloning
			 * mechanism, then we just blow it away and retry
			 * the insertion of the new one.
			 */
			rt2 = rtalloc1(dst, 0, RTF_PRCLONING);
			if (rt2 && rt2->rt_parent) {
				rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, 
					  (struct sockaddr *)rt_key(rt2),
					  rt2->rt_gateway,
					  rt_mask(rt2), rt2->rt_flags, 0);
				RTFREE(rt2);
				rn = rnh->rnh_addaddr((caddr_t)ndst,
						      (caddr_t)netmask,
						      rnh, rt->rt_nodes);
			} else if (rt2) {
				RTFREE(rt2);
			}
		}

		if (rn == 0) {
			if (rt->rt_gwroute)
				rtfree(rt->rt_gwroute);
			if (rt->rt_ifa) {
				IFAFREE(rt->rt_ifa);
			}
			Free(rt_key(rt));
			Free(rt);
			senderr(EEXIST);
		}
		rt->rt_parent = 0;

		if (req == RTM_RESOLVE) {
			rt->rt_rmx = (*ret_nrt)->rt_rmx; /* copy metrics */
			if ((*ret_nrt)->rt_flags & RTF_PRCLONING) {
				rt->rt_parent = (*ret_nrt);
				(*ret_nrt)->rt_refcnt++;
			}
		}
		if (ifa->ifa_rtrequest)
			ifa->ifa_rtrequest(req, rt, SA(ret_nrt ? *ret_nrt : 0));
		/*
		 * We repeat the same procedure from rt_setgate() here because
		 * it doesn't fire when we call it there because the node
		 * hasn't been added to the tree yet.
		 */
		if (!(rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST) && rt_mask(rt) != 0) {
			struct rtfc_arg arg;
			arg.rnh = rnh;
			arg.rt0 = rt;
			rnh->rnh_walktree_from(rnh, rt_key(rt), rt_mask(rt),
					       rt_fixchange, &arg);
		}

		if (ret_nrt) {
			*ret_nrt = rt;
			rt->rt_refcnt++;
		}
		break;
	}
bad:
	splx(s);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Called from rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, ...) to fix up the route's ``family''
 * (i.e., the routes related to it by the operation of cloning).  This
 * routine is iterated over all potential former-child-routes by way of
 * rnh->rnh_walktree_from() above, and those that actually are children of
 * the late parent (passed in as VP here) are themselves deleted.
 */
static int
rt_fixdelete(struct radix_node *rn, void *vp)
{
	struct rtentry *rt = (struct rtentry *)rn;
	struct rtentry *rt0 = vp;

	if (rt->rt_parent == rt0 && !(rt->rt_flags & RTF_PINNED)) {
		return rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt_key(rt),
				 (struct sockaddr *)0, rt_mask(rt),
				 rt->rt_flags, (struct rtentry **)0);
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * This routine is called from rt_setgate() to do the analogous thing for
 * adds and changes.  There is the added complication in this case of a
 * middle insert; i.e., insertion of a new network route between an older
 * network route and (cloned) host routes.  For this reason, a simple check
 * of rt->rt_parent is insufficient; each candidate route must be tested
 * against the (mask, value) of the new route (passed as before in vp)
 * to see if the new route matches it.  Unfortunately, this has the obnoxious
 * property of also triggering for insertion /above/ a pre-existing network
 * route and clones.  Sigh.  This may be fixed some day.
 *
 * XXX - it may be possible to do fixdelete() for changes and reserve this
 * routine just for adds.  I'm not sure why I thought it was necessary to do
 * changes this way.
 */
#ifdef DEBUG
int rtfcdebug = 0;
#endif

static int
rt_fixchange(struct radix_node *rn, void *vp)
{
	struct rtentry *rt = (struct rtentry *)rn;
	struct rtfc_arg *ap = vp;
	struct rtentry *rt0 = ap->rt0;
	struct radix_node_head *rnh = ap->rnh;
	u_char *xk1, *xm1, *xk2;
	int i, len;

#ifdef DEBUG
	if (rtfcdebug)
		printf("rt_fixchange: rt %p, rt0 %p\n", rt, rt0);
#endif

	if (!rt->rt_parent || (rt->rt_flags & RTF_PINNED)) {
#ifdef DEBUG
		if(rtfcdebug) printf("no parent or pinned\n");
#endif
		return 0;
	}

	if (rt->rt_parent == rt0) {
#ifdef DEBUG
		if(rtfcdebug) printf("parent match\n");
#endif
		return rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt_key(rt),
				 (struct sockaddr *)0, rt_mask(rt),
				 rt->rt_flags, (struct rtentry **)0);
	}

	/*
	 * There probably is a function somewhere which does this...
	 * if not, there should be.
	 */
	len = imin(((struct sockaddr *)rt_key(rt0))->sa_len,
		   ((struct sockaddr *)rt_key(rt))->sa_len);

	xk1 = (u_char *)rt_key(rt0);
	xm1 = (u_char *)rt_mask(rt0);
	xk2 = (u_char *)rt_key(rt);

	for (i = rnh->rnh_treetop->rn_off; i < len; i++) {
		if ((xk2[i] & xm1[i]) != xk1[i]) {
#ifdef DEBUG
			if(rtfcdebug) printf("no match\n");
#endif
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * OK, this node is a clone, and matches the node currently being
	 * changed/added under the node's mask.  So, get rid of it.
	 */
#ifdef DEBUG
	if(rtfcdebug) printf("deleting\n");
#endif
	return rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt_key(rt), (struct sockaddr *)0,
			 rt_mask(rt), rt->rt_flags, (struct rtentry **)0);
}

int
rt_setgate(rt0, dst, gate)
	struct rtentry *rt0;
	struct sockaddr *dst, *gate;
{
	caddr_t new, old;
	int dlen = ROUNDUP(dst->sa_len), glen = ROUNDUP(gate->sa_len);
	register struct rtentry *rt = rt0;
	struct radix_node_head *rnh = rt_tables[dst->sa_family];

	/*
	 * A host route with the destination equal to the gateway
	 * will interfere with keeping LLINFO in the routing
	 * table, so disallow it.
	 */
	if (((rt0->rt_flags & (RTF_HOST|RTF_GATEWAY|RTF_LLINFO)) ==
					(RTF_HOST|RTF_GATEWAY)) &&
	    (dst->sa_len == gate->sa_len) &&
	    (bcmp(dst, gate, dst->sa_len) == 0)) {
		/*
		 * The route might already exist if this is an RTM_CHANGE
		 * or a routing redirect, so try to delete it.
		 */
		rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)rt_key(rt0),
			rt0->rt_gateway, rt_mask(rt0), rt0->rt_flags, 0);
		return EADDRNOTAVAIL;
	}

	if (rt->rt_gateway == 0 || glen > ROUNDUP(rt->rt_gateway->sa_len)) {
		old = (caddr_t)rt_key(rt);
		R_Malloc(new, caddr_t, dlen + glen);
		if (new == 0)
			return ENOBUFS;
		rt->rt_nodes->rn_key = new;
	} else {
		new = rt->rt_nodes->rn_key;
		old = 0;
	}
	Bcopy(gate, (rt->rt_gateway = (struct sockaddr *)(new + dlen)), glen);
	if (old) {
		Bcopy(dst, new, dlen);
		Free(old);
	}
	if (rt->rt_gwroute) {
		rt = rt->rt_gwroute; RTFREE(rt);
		rt = rt0; rt->rt_gwroute = 0;
	}
	/*
	 * Cloning loop avoidance:
	 * In the presence of protocol-cloning and bad configuration,
	 * it is possible to get stuck in bottomless mutual recursion
	 * (rtrequest rt_setgate rtalloc1).  We avoid this by not allowing
	 * protocol-cloning to operate for gateways (which is probably the
	 * correct choice anyway), and avoid the resulting reference loops
	 * by disallowing any route to run through itself as a gateway.
	 * This is obviuosly mandatory when we get rt->rt_output().
	 */
	if (rt->rt_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) {
		rt->rt_gwroute = rtalloc1(gate, 1, RTF_PRCLONING);
		if (rt->rt_gwroute == rt) {
			RTFREE(rt->rt_gwroute);
			rt->rt_gwroute = 0;
			return EDQUOT; /* failure */
		}
	}

	/*
	 * This isn't going to do anything useful for host routes, so
	 * don't bother.  Also make sure we have a reasonable mask
	 * (we don't yet have one during adds).
	 */
	if (!(rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST) && rt_mask(rt) != 0) {
		struct rtfc_arg arg;
		arg.rnh = rnh;
		arg.rt0 = rt;
		rnh->rnh_walktree_from(rnh, rt_key(rt), rt_mask(rt),
				       rt_fixchange, &arg);
	}

	return 0;
}

static void
rt_maskedcopy(src, dst, netmask)
	struct sockaddr *src, *dst, *netmask;
{
	register u_char *cp1 = (u_char *)src;
	register u_char *cp2 = (u_char *)dst;
	register u_char *cp3 = (u_char *)netmask;
	u_char *cplim = cp2 + *cp3;
	u_char *cplim2 = cp2 + *cp1;

	*cp2++ = *cp1++; *cp2++ = *cp1++; /* copies sa_len & sa_family */
	cp3 += 2;
	if (cplim > cplim2)
		cplim = cplim2;
	while (cp2 < cplim)
		*cp2++ = *cp1++ & *cp3++;
	if (cp2 < cplim2)
		bzero((caddr_t)cp2, (unsigned)(cplim2 - cp2));
}

/*
 * Set up a routing table entry, normally
 * for an interface.
 */
int
rtinit(ifa, cmd, flags)
	register struct ifaddr *ifa;
	int cmd, flags;
{
	register struct rtentry *rt;
	register struct sockaddr *dst;
	register struct sockaddr *deldst;
	struct mbuf *m = 0;
	struct rtentry *nrt = 0;
	int error;

	dst = flags & RTF_HOST ? ifa->ifa_dstaddr : ifa->ifa_addr;
	if (cmd == RTM_DELETE) {
		if ((flags & RTF_HOST) == 0 && ifa->ifa_netmask) {
			m = m_get(M_WAIT, MT_SONAME);
			deldst = mtod(m, struct sockaddr *);
			rt_maskedcopy(dst, deldst, ifa->ifa_netmask);
			dst = deldst;
		}
		rt = rtalloc1(dst, 0, 0UL);
		if (rt) {
			rt->rt_refcnt--;
			if (rt->rt_ifa != ifa) {
				if (m)
					(void) m_free(m);
				return (flags & RTF_HOST ? EHOSTUNREACH
							: ENETUNREACH);
			}
		}
	}
	error = rtrequest(cmd, dst, ifa->ifa_addr, ifa->ifa_netmask,
			flags | ifa->ifa_flags, &nrt);
	if (m)
		(void) m_free(m);
	if (cmd == RTM_DELETE && error == 0 && (rt = nrt)) {
		rt_newaddrmsg(cmd, ifa, error, nrt);
		if (rt->rt_refcnt <= 0) {
			rt->rt_refcnt++;
			rtfree(rt);
		}
	}
	if (cmd == RTM_ADD && error == 0 && (rt = nrt)) {
		rt->rt_refcnt--;
		if (rt->rt_ifa != ifa) {
			printf("rtinit: wrong ifa (%p) was (%p)\n", ifa,
				rt->rt_ifa);
			if (rt->rt_ifa->ifa_rtrequest)
			    rt->rt_ifa->ifa_rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt, SA(0));
			IFAFREE(rt->rt_ifa);
			rt->rt_ifa = ifa;
			rt->rt_ifp = ifa->ifa_ifp;
			ifa->ifa_refcnt++;
			if (ifa->ifa_rtrequest)
			    ifa->ifa_rtrequest(RTM_ADD, rt, SA(0));
		}
		rt_newaddrmsg(cmd, ifa, error, nrt);
	}
	return (error);
}