175 lines
7.8 KiB
Groff
175 lines
7.8 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1994, David Greenman
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by David Greenman.
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.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd October 28, 1995
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.Dt ED 4 i386
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.Os FreeBSD
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ed
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.Nd high performance ethernet device driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "device ed0 at isa? port 0x280 irq 10 iomem 0xd8000"
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.Cd "device ed1 at isa? port 0x300 irq 5 flags 0x4 iosiz 16384 iomem 0xd8000"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm ed
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driver provides support for 8 and 16bit ISA ethernet cards that are based on
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the National Semiconductor DS8390 and similar NICs manufactured by other companies.
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.Pp
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It supports all 80x3 series ISA ethernet cards manufactured by Western Digital and SMC,
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the SMC Ultra, the 3Com 3c503, the Novell NE1000/NE2000, and HP PC Lan+.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver uses a unique multi-buffering mechanism to achieve high transmit performance.
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When using 16bit ISA cards, as high as 97% of the theoretical maximum performance of
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the IEEE 802.3 CSMA ethernet is possible.
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.Pp
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In addition to the standard port and irq specifications, the
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.Nm
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driver also supports a number of
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.Em flags
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which can force 8/16bit mode, enable/disable multi-buffering, and select the default
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interface type (AUI/BNC, and for cards with twisted pair, AUI/10BaseT).
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.Pp
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The
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.Em flags
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are a bit field, and are summarized as follows:
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.Pp
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.Bl -hang -offset indent
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.It Em 0x01
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Disable tranceiver. On those cards which support it, this flag causes the tranceiver to
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be disabled and the AUI connection to be used by default.
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.It Em 0x02
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Force 8bit mode. This flag forces the card to 8bit mode regardless of how the
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card identifies itself. This may be needed for some clones which incorrectly
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identify themselves as 16bit, even though they only have an 8bit interface.
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.It Em 0x04
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Force 16bit mode. This flag forces the card to 16bit mode regardless of how the
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card identifies itself. This may be needed for some clones which incorrectly
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identify themselves as 8bit, even though they have a 16bit ISA interface.
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.It Em 0x08
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Disable transmitter multi-buffering. This flag disables the use of multiple
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transmit buffers and may be necessary in rare cases where packets are sent out
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faster than a machine on the other end can handle (as evidenced by severe packet
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lossage). Some
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.Pf ( No non- Ns Tn FreeBSD
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:-)) machines have terrible ethernet performance
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and simply can't cope with 1100K+ data rates. Use of this flag also provides
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one more packet worth of receiver buffering, and on 8bit cards, this may help
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reduce receiver lossage.
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.El
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.Pp
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When using a 3c503 card, the AUI connection may be selected by specifying the
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.Em link2
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option to
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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(BNC is the default).
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Bl -diag
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.It "ed%d: kernel configured irq %d doesn't match board configured irq %d."
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The irq number that was specified in the kernel config file (and then compiled
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into the kernel) differs from the irq that has been set on the interface card.
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.It "ed%d: failed to clear shared memory at %x - check configuration."
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When the card was probed at system boot time, the
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.Nm ed
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driver found that it could not clear the card's shared memory. This is most commonly
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caused by a BIOS extension ROM being configured in the same address space as the
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ethernet card's shared memory. Either find the offending card and change its BIOS
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ROM to be at an address that doesn't conflict, or change the
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.Em iomem
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option in the kernel config file so that the card's shared memory is mapped at a
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non-conflicting address.
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.It "ed%d: Invalid irq configuration (%d) must be 2-5 for 3c503."
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The irq number that was specified in the kernel config file is not valid for
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the 3Com 3c503 card. The 3c503 can only be assigned to irqs 2 through 5.
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.It "ed%d: Cannot find start of RAM."
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.It "ed%d: Cannot find any RAM, start : %d, x = %d."
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The probe of a Gateway card was unsuccessful in configuring the card's packet memory.
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This likely indicates that the card was improperly recognized as a Gateway or that
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the card is defective.
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.It "ed: packets buffered, but transmitter idle."
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Indicates a logic problem in the driver. Should never happen.
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.It "ed%d: device timeout"
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Indicates that an expected transmitter interrupt didn't occur. Usually caused by an
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interrupt conflict with another card on the ISA bus.
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.It "ed%d: NIC memory corrupt - invalid packet length %d."
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Indicates that a packet was received with a packet length that was either larger than
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the maximum size or smaller than the minimum size allowed by the IEEE 802.3 standard. Usually
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caused by a conflict with another card on the ISA bus, but in some cases may also
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indicate faulty cabling.
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.It "ed%d: remote transmit DMA failed to complete."
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This indicates that a programmed I/O transfer to an NE1000 or NE2000 style card
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has failed to properly complete. Usually caused by the ISA bus speed being set
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too fast.
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.El
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.Sh CAVEATS
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Early revision DS8390 chips have problems. They lock up whenever the receive
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ring-buffer overflows. They occasionally switch the byte order
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of the length field in the packet ring header (several different causes
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of this related to an off-by-one byte alignment) - resulting in "NIC
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memory corrupt - invalid packet length" messages. The card is reset
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whenever these problems occur, but otherwise there is no problem with
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recovering from these conditions.
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.Pp
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The NIC memory access to 3Com and Novell cards is much slower than it is on
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WD/SMC cards; it's less than 1MB/second on 8bit boards and less than 2MB/second
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on the 16bit cards. This can lead to ring-buffer overruns resulting in
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dropped packets during heavy network traffic.
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.Pp
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16bit Compex cards identify themselves as being 8bit. While these cards will
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work in 8bit mode, much higher performance can be achieved by specifying
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.Em "flags 0x04"
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(force 16bit mode) in your kernel config file. In addition, you should also specify
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.Em "iosize 16384"
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to take advantage of the extra 8k of shared memory that 16bit mode provides.
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Nm ed
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driver is a bit too aggressive about resetting the card whenever any bad
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packets are received. As a result, it may throw out some good packets which
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have been received but not yet transfered from the card to main memory.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr arp 4 ,
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.Xr netintro 4 ,
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm ed
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device driver first appeared in
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.Fx 1.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The
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.Nm
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device driver and this manual page were written by
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.An David Greenman .
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