freebsd-nq/share/man/man7/release.7
Murray Stokely afb3369031 Various mdoc fixes.
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2002-03-14 04:21:50 +00:00

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.\" Copyright (c) 2002 Murray Stokely <murray@FreeBSD.org>
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd March 12, 2002
.Dt RELEASE 7
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm release
.Nd "release building infrastructure"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Fx
provides a complete build environment suitable for users to make
full releases of the
.Fx
operating system.
All of the tools necessary to build a release are available from the
CVS repository in
.Pa src/release .
A complete release can actually be built with only a single command,
including the creation of ISO images suitable for burning to CDROM,
installation floppies, and an FTP install directory.
This command is aptly named
.Dq Li "make release" .
.Pp
Before attempting to build a release, the user is expected to be
familiar with the contents of
.Xr build 7 ,
and should have experience upgrading systems from source with
.Dq Li "make world" .
The release build process requires that
.Pa /usr/obj
be populated with the output of
.Dq Li "make buildworld" .
This is necessary so that the object files for a complete system can
be installed into a clean
.Xr chroot 8
environment.
The release procedure also requires that the
.Xr md 4
(memory disk) device driver be present in the kernel
(either by being compiled in or loaded as a module).
.Pp
This document does not cover source code management, quality
assurance, or other aspects of the release engineering process.
.Sh TARGETS
The release makefile
.Pq Pa src/release/Makefile
is fairly abstruse.
Most developers will only be concerned with the
.Cm release
target.
.\" XXX: Some sort of introduction to this list? All the others have one.
.Bl -tag -width ".Cm rerelease"
.It Cm release
Uses
.Dq Li "make installworld"
to install a clean system into a
.Xr chroot 8
environment on the filesystem.
Checks out the specified version of the source code and then rebuilds
the entire system in the clean environment with
.Dq Li "make world" .
The detailed steps that follow are then executed to package up the
different distributions, build the installation floppy disks, build
release documentation, and so on.
.It Cm rerelease
Assumes that the output of a release build has been manually modified,
and performs the minimal number of steps to rebuild the release using
the intermediate output of the previous
.Dq Li "make release" .
.El
.Pp
Targets called by
.Dq Li "make release" :
.Bl -tag -width ".Cm release.9"
.It Cm release.1
Cleans out the
.Pa ${CHROOTDIR}/R
directory and uses
.Xr mtree 8
to build the directory hierarchy for the system.
.It Cm release.2
Installs the system into the distribution directories.
.It Cm release.3
.\" XXX: This should either be "GENERIC kernel" (singular) or
.\" XXX: "GENERIC and <some other> kernels".
Makes and installs the
.Pa GENERIC
kernel.
.It Cm release.4
Uses
.Xr crunchgen 1
to build
.Dq crunched
binaries to live on the installation floppies.
.It Cm release.5
Builds synthetic distributions, and cleans up the previously built
distribution trees.
.It Cm release.6
Creates tarballs of the assembled distribution trees.
.It Cm release.7
Makes source distributions.
.It Cm release.8
Creates the boot and MFS root floppies.
.It Cm release.9
Creates the fixit floppy.
.It Cm ftp.1
Sets up a suitable area for FTP installations.
.It Cm cdrom.1
Sets up a suitable area to build CDROM images.
.It Cm iso.1
Builds two ISO images (installation and
.Dq live
filesystem) from the CDROM release area
(Disabled by default, see
.Pa MAKE_ISOS
below).
.It Cm doc.1
Builds all of the necessary tools to turn the
.Fx
Documentation Project source documents (SGML, XML) into HTML
and text documents that will accompany the release.
Also, builds and installs the actual user documentation.
This includes the Handbook, FAQ, articles, and so on.
.It Cm doc.2
Builds the release documentation.
This includes the release notes,
hardware guide, and installation instructions.
.El
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
Variables that must be specified:
.Bl -tag -width ".Va RELEASETAG"
.It Ev CHROOTDIR
The directory to be used as the
.Xr chroot 8
environment for the entire release build.
.\" XXX: I recommend against hardcoding specific numbers like "2.3" here;
.\" XXX: perhaps it should be replaced with something to the effect of
.\" XXX: "we don't know how much space you'll need, but make sure you have
.\" XXX: at least 3 GB to be safe" (I know i'm still hardcoding a number,
.\" XXX: but at least it looks less like a decree and more like an estimate.
This filesystem should have at least 2.3 gigabytes of free space on the
i386 architecture.
.It Ev BUILDNAME
The name of the release to be built.
This is used to set the
.Dv RELEASE
value in
.Pa sys/conf/newvers.sh ,
which affects the output of
.Xr uname 1 .
.It Ev CVSROOT
The location of the
.Fx
CVS repository.
.It Ev RELEASETAG
The CVS tag corresponding to the release that is to be built.
If undefined, the release will be built from the
.Dv HEAD
of the CVS tree
(a
.Dq -CURRENT snapshot ) .
.El
.Pp
Optional variables:
.Bl -tag -width ".Ev RELEASEDISTFILES"
.It Ev LOCAL_PATCHES
A patch file against
.Pa /usr/src
that will be applied in the
.Xr chroot 8
environment before the release build begins.
.It Ev PATCH_FLAGS
Arguments for the
.Xr patch 1
command used to apply
.Ev LOCAL_PATCHES
patch file.
.It Ev MAKE_ISOS
If defined, bootable ISO CDROM images will be created from the
contents of the CDROM stage directory.
.It Ev NODOC
If set to
.Dq Li YES
then the documentation will not be built.
Due to the SGML-based
toolchain and multiple languages supported by the
.Fx
Documentation Project, this may speed up the release build considerably.
.It Ev NOPORTS
If set to
.Dq Li YES
then the ports tree will be omitted from the release.
.It Ev RELEASEDISTFILES
The directory where the distribution files for ports required by the
release build can be found.
This may save a significant amount of time over downloading the
distfiles through a slow link.
.It Ev RELEASENOUPDATE
If this variable is defined for
.Dq Li "make rerelease" ,
the source code will not be updated with
.Dq Li "cvs update" .
.El
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -compact
.It Pa /etc/make.conf
.It Pa /usr/doc/Makefile
.It Pa /usr/doc/share/mk/doc.project.mk
.It Pa /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk
.It Pa /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.sites.mk
.It Pa /usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf
.It Pa /usr/src/Makefile
.It Pa /usr/src/Makefile.inc1
.It Pa /usr/src/release/Makefile
.It Pa /usr/src/release/${arch}/drivers.conf
.It Pa /usr/src/release/${arch}/boot_crunch.conf
.It Pa /usr/src/release/${arch}/fixit_crunch.conf
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
The following sequence of commands was used to build the
.Fx 4.5
release:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
cd /usr
cvs co -rRELENG_4_5_0_RELEASE src
cd src
make buildworld
cd release
make release CHROOTDIR=/local3/release BUILDNAME=4.5-RELEASE \\
CVSROOT=/host/cvs/usr/home/ncvs RELEASETAG=RELENG_4_5_0_RELEASE
.Ed
.Pp
After running these commands, a complete system suitable for FTP or
CDROM distribution is available in the
.Pa /local3/release/R
directory.
.Pp
The following sequence of commands can be used to build a
.Dq -CURRENT snapshot
of a
locally modified source tree:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
cd /usr/src
cvs diff -u > /path/to/local.patch
make buildworld
cd release
make release CHROOTDIR=/local3/release BUILDNAME=5.0-SNAPSHOT \\
CVSROOT=/host/cvs/usr/home/ncvs LOCAL_PATCHES=/path/to/local.patch
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr cc 1 ,
.Xr crunchgen 1 ,
.Xr cvs 1 ,
.Xr install 1 ,
.Xr make 1 ,
.Xr patch 1 ,
.Xr uname 1 ,
.Xr md 4 ,
.Xr make.conf 5 ,
.Xr build 7 ,
.Xr ports 7 ,
.Xr chroot 8 ,
.Xr mtree 8
.Rs
.%T FreeBSD Release Engineering
.%O http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/releng/
.Re
.Rs
.%T FreeBSD Release Engineering of Third Party Packages
.%O http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/releng-packages/
.Re
.Rs
.%T FreeBSD Developers' Handbook
.%O http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/
.Re
.Sh HISTORY
.Fx
1.x
used a manual checklist, compiled by Rod Grimes, to produce a release.
Apart from being incomplete, the list put a lot of specific demands on
available filesystems and was quite torturous to execute.
.Pp
As part of the
.Fx 2.0
release engineering effort, significant
effort was spent getting
.Pa src/release/Makefile
into a shape where it could at least automate most of the tediousness
of building a release in a sterile environment.
.Pp
With its almost 1000 revisions spread over multiple branches, the
.Xr cvs 1
log of
.Pa src/release/Makefile
contains a vivid historical record of some
of the hardships release engineers go through.
.Sh AUTHORS
.Pa src/release/Makefile
was originally written by
.An -nosplit
.An Rod Grimes ,
.An Jordan Hubbard ,
and
.An Poul-Henning Kamp .
This manual page was written by
.An Murray Stokely Aq murray@FreeBSD.org .