305 lines
10 KiB
Groff
305 lines
10 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2005-2010 Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
|
|
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
|
|
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
|
|
.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
|
|
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
|
|
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
|
|
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
|
|
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
|
|
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd August 4, 2015
|
|
.Dt RAL 4
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm ral
|
|
.Nd "Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless network device"
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
To compile this driver into the kernel,
|
|
place the following lines in your
|
|
kernel configuration file:
|
|
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
|
|
.Cd "device ral"
|
|
.Cd "device ralfw"
|
|
.Cd "device wlan"
|
|
.Cd "device wlan_amrr"
|
|
.Cd "device firmware"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Alternatively, to load the driver as a
|
|
module at boot time, place the following line in
|
|
.Xr loader.conf 5 :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
if_ral_load="YES"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver supports PCI/PCIe/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2500,
|
|
RT2501, RT2600, RT2700, RT2800, RT3090 and RT3900E chipsets.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT2500 chipset is the first generation of 802.11b/g adapters from Ralink.
|
|
It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2560 MAC/BBP and an RT2525 radio
|
|
transceiver.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT2501 chipset is the second generation of 802.11a/b/g adapters from
|
|
Ralink.
|
|
It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2561 MAC/BBP and an RT2527 radio
|
|
transceiver.
|
|
This chipset provides support for the IEEE 802.11e standard with multiple
|
|
hardware transmission queues and allows scatter/gather for efficient DMA
|
|
operations.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT2600 chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2661 MAC/BBP and an
|
|
RT2529 radio transceiver.
|
|
This chipset uses the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology with
|
|
multiple radio transceivers to extend the operating range of the adapter and
|
|
to achieve higher throughput.
|
|
However, the RT2600 chipset does not support any of the 802.11n features.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT2700 chipset is a low-cost version of the RT2800 chipset.
|
|
It supports a single transmit path and two receiver paths (1T2R).
|
|
It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2760 or RT2790 (PCIe) MAC/BBP and
|
|
an RT2720 (2.4GHz) or RT2750 (2.4GHz/5GHz) radio transceiver.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT2800 chipset is the first generation of 802.11n adapters from Ralink.
|
|
It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2860 or RT2890 (PCIe) MAC/BBP and
|
|
an RT2820 (2.4GHz) or RT2850 (2.4GHz/5GHz) radio transceiver.
|
|
The RT2800 chipset supports two transmit paths and up to three receiver
|
|
paths (2T2R/2T3R).
|
|
It can achieve speeds up to 144Mbps (20MHz bandwidth) and 300Mbps (40MHz
|
|
bandwidth.)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT3090 chipset is the first generation of single-chip 802.11n adapters
|
|
from Ralink.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
supports
|
|
.Cm station ,
|
|
.Cm adhoc ,
|
|
.Cm hostap ,
|
|
.Cm mesh ,
|
|
.Cm wds ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm monitor
|
|
mode operation.
|
|
Only one
|
|
.Cm hostap
|
|
or
|
|
.Cm mesh
|
|
virtual interface may be configured at a time.
|
|
Any number of
|
|
.Cm wds
|
|
virtual interfaces may be configured together with a
|
|
.Cm hostap
|
|
interface.
|
|
Multiple
|
|
.Cm station
|
|
interfaces may be operated together with a
|
|
.Cm hostap
|
|
interface to construct a wireless repeater device.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The RT3900E chipset is a single-chip 802.11n adapters from Ralink.
|
|
The MAC/Baseband Processor can be an RT5390 or RT5392.
|
|
The RT5390 chip operates in the 2GHz spectrum and supports 1 transmit path
|
|
and 1 receiver path (1T1R).
|
|
The RT5392 chip operates in the 2GHz spectrum and supports up to 2 transmit
|
|
paths and 2 receiver paths (2T2R).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the
|
|
driver depending on the number of hardware transmission retries.
|
|
For more information on configuring this device, see
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
|
|
.Sh HARDWARE
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver supports PCI/PCIe/CardBus wireless adapters based on Ralink Technology
|
|
chipsets, including:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -column -compact ".Li Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" "RT2561S" "CardBus"
|
|
.It Em Card Ta Em MAC/BBP Ta Em Bus
|
|
.It "A-Link WL54H" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "A-Link WL54PC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "AirLink101 AWLC5025" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "AirLink101 AWLH5025" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Amigo AWI-914W" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Amigo AWI-922W" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
|
|
.It "Amigo AWI-926W" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "AMIT WL531C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "AMIT WL531P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "AOpen AOI-831" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "ASUS WL-107G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "ASUS WL-130g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Atlantis Land A02-PCI-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Belkin F5D7000 v3" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Belkin F5D7010 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Billionton MIWLGRL" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
|
|
.It "Canyon CN-WF511" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Canyon CN-WF513" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "CC&C WL-2102" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "CNet CWC-854" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "CNet CWP-854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Compex WL54G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Compex WLP54G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Conceptronic C54RC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Conceptronic C54Ri" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "D-Link DWA-525 rev A2" Ta RT5392 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Digitus DN-7001G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Digitus DN-7006G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "E-Tech WGPC02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "E-Tech WGPI02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Edimax EW-7108PCg" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Edimax EW-7128g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Eminent EM3036" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Eminent EM3037" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Encore ENLWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Encore ENPWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Fiberline WL-400P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Fibreline WL-400X" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Gigabyte GN-WI01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta mini-PCI
|
|
.It "Gigabyte GN-WIKG" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
|
|
.It "Gigabyte GN-WMKG" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Gigabyte GN-WP01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Gigabyte GN-WPKG" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Hawking HWC54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Hawking HWP54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "iNexQ CR054g-009 (R03)" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "JAHT WN-4054P" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "JAHT WN-4054PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "LevelOne WNC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "LevelOne WPC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Linksys WMP54G v4" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Micronet SP906GK" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Micronet SP908GK V3" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Minitar MN54GCB-R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Minitar MN54GPC-R" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "MSI CB54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "MSI MP54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
|
|
.It "MSI PC54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "OvisLink EVO-W54PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "PheeNet HWL-PCIG/RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Planex GW-NS300N" Ta RT2860 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Pro-Nets CB80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Pro-Nets PC80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Repotec RP-WB7108" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Repotec RP-WP0854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "SATech SN-54C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "SATech SN-54P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Sitecom WL-112" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Sitecom WL-115" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "SMC SMCWCB-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "SMC SMCWPCI-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "SparkLAN WL-685R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Surecom EP-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Surecom EP-9321-g1" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Surecom EP-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Sweex LC500050" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Sweex LC700030" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "TekComm NE-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "TekComm NE-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Unex CR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Unex MR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Zinwell ZWX-G160" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Zinwell ZWX-G360" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
|
|
.It "Zinwell ZWX-G361" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.It "Zonet ZEW1500" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
|
|
.It "Zonet ZEW1600" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with network name
|
|
.Dq Li my_net :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
|
|
netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with 40-bit WEP encryption:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
|
|
netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
|
|
wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with 104-bit WEP encryption:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
|
|
netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
|
|
wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Bl -diag
|
|
.It "ral%d: could not load 8051 microcode"
|
|
An error occurred while attempting to upload the microcode to the onboard 8051
|
|
microcontroller unit.
|
|
.It "ral%d: timeout waiting for MCU to initialize"
|
|
The onboard 8051 microcontroller unit failed to initialize in time.
|
|
.It "ral%d: device timeout"
|
|
A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr cardbus 4 ,
|
|
.Xr intro 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_ccmp 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_tkip 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_wep 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan_xauth 4 ,
|
|
.Xr hostapd 8 ,
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
|
|
.Xr wpa_supplicant 8
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "Ralink Technology"
|
|
.%U http://www.ralinktech.com/
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver first appeared in
|
|
.Ox 3.7 .
|
|
Support for the RT2501 and RT2600 chipsets was added in
|
|
.Ox 3.9 .
|
|
Support for the RT2800 chipset was added in
|
|
.Ox 4.3 .
|
|
Support for the RT2700 chipset was added in
|
|
.Ox 4.4 .
|
|
Support for the RT3090 chipset was added in
|
|
.Ox 4.9 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
The original
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver was written by
|
|
.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien@openbsd.org .
|
|
.Sh CAVEATS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver does not make use of the hardware cryptographic engine.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by
|
|
the RT2700 and RT2800 chipsets.
|
|
Additional work is required in before those features can be supported.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Host AP mode doesn't support power saving.
|
|
Clients attempting to use power saving mode may experience significant
|
|
packet loss (disabling power saving on the client will fix this).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Some PCI
|
|
.Nm
|
|
adapters seem to strictly require a system supporting PCI 2.2 or greater and
|
|
will likely not work in systems based on older revisions of the PCI
|
|
specification.
|
|
Check the board's PCI version before purchasing the card.
|