542 lines
16 KiB
Groff
542 lines
16 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999
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.\" Kazutaka YOKOTA <yokota@zodiac.mech.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp>
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as
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.\" the first lines of this file unmodified.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd June 30, 1999
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.Dt SYSCONS 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm syscons ,
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.Nm sc
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.Nd the console driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "options MAXCONS=N"
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.Cd "options SC_ALT_MOUSE_IMAGE"
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.Cd "options SC_CUT_SEPCHARS=_characters_"
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.Cd "options SC_CUT_SPACES2TABS"
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.Cd "options SC_DISABLE_DDBKEY"
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.Cd "options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT"
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.Cd "options SC_HISTORY_SIZE=N"
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.Cd "options SC_MOUSE_CHAR=C"
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.Cd "options SC_NO_CUTPASTE"
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.Cd "options SC_NO_FONT_LOADING"
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.Cd "options SC_NO_HISTORY"
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.Cd "options SC_NO_PALETTE_LOADING"
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.Cd "options SC_NO_SYSMOUSE"
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.Cd "options SC_PIXEL_MODE"
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.Cd "options SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE"
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.Cd "options SC_NORM_ATTR=_attribute_"
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.Cd "options SC_NORM_REV_ATTR=_attribute_"
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.Cd "options SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=_attribute_"
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.Cd "options SC_KERNEL_CONS_REV_ATTR=_attribute_"
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.Cd "options SC_DFLT_FONT"
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.Cd "makeoptions SC_DFLT_FONT=_font_name_"
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.Cd "device sc"
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.Pp
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In
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.Pa /boot/device.hints :
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.Cd hint.sc.0.at="isa"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver provides multiple virtual terminals.
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It resembles the SCO color console driver.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver is implemented on top of the keyboard driver
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.Pq Xr atkbd 4
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and the video card driver
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.Pq Xr vga 4
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and so requires both of them to be configured in the system.
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.Pp
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There can be only one
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.Nm
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device defined in the system.
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.Ss Virtual Terminals
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The
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.Nm
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driver provides multiple virtual terminals which appear as if they were
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separate terminals.
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One virtual terminal is considered current and exclusively
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occupies the screen and the keyboard; the other virtual terminals
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are placed in the background.
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.Pp
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In order to use virtual terminals, they must be individually
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marked ``on'' in
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.Pa /etc/ttys
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so that
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.Xr getty 8
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will recognize them to be active and run
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.Xr login 1
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to let the user log in to the system.
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By default, only the first eight virtual terminals are activated in
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.Pa /etc/ttys .
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.Pp
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You press the
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.Dv Alt
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key and a switch key to switch between
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virtual terminals.
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The following table summarizes the correspondence between the switch
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key and the virtual terminal.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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Alt-F1 ttyv0 Alt-F7 ttyv6 Shift-Alt-F1 ttyv10
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Alt-F2 ttyv1 Alt-F8 ttyv7 Shift-Alt-F2 ttyv11
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Alt-F3 ttyv2 Alt-F9 ttyv8 Shift-Alt-F3 ttyv12
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Alt-F4 ttyv3 Alt-F10 ttyv9 Shift-Alt-F4 ttyv13
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Alt-F5 ttyv4 Alt-F11 ttyv10 Shift-Alt-F5 ttyv14
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Alt-F6 ttyv5 Alt-F12 ttyv11 Shift-Alt-F6 ttyv15
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.Ed
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.Pp
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You can also use the ``nscr'' key (usually the
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.Dv PrintScreen
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key on the AT Enhanced keyboard) to cycle available virtual terminals.
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.Pp
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The default number of available virtual terminals is 16.
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This can be changed with the kernel configuration option
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.Dv MAXCONS
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(see below).
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.Pp
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Note that the X server usually requires a virtual terminal for display
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purposes, so at least one terminal must be left unused by
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.Xr getty 8
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so that it can be used by the X server.
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.Ss Key Definitions and Function Key Strings
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The
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.Nm
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driver, in conjunction with the keyboard driver, allows the user
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to change key definitions and function key strings.
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The
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.Xr kbdcontrol 1
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command will load a key definition file (known as ``keymap'' file),
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dump the current keymap, and assign a string to a function key.
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See
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.Xr keyboard 4
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and
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.Xr kbdmap 5
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for the keymap file.
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.Pp
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You may want to set the
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.Ar keymap
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variable in
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf.local
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to the desired keymap file so that it will be automatically loaded
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when the system starts up.
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.Ss Software Font
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For most modern video cards, e.g. VGA, the
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.Nm
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driver and the video card driver allow the user to change
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the font used on the screen.
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The
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.Xr vidcontrol 1
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command can be used to load a font file from
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.Pa /usr/share/syscons/fonts .
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.Pp
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The font comes in various sizes: 8x8, 8x14 and 8x16.
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The 8x16 font is typically used for the VGA card in the
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80-column-by-25-line mode.
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Other video modes may require different font sizes.
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It is better to always load all three sizes of the same font.
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.Pp
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You may set
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.Ar font8x8 ,
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.Ar font8x14
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and
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.Ar font8x16
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variables in
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf
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to the desired font files so that they will be automatically loaded
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when the system starts up.
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.Pp
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Optionally you can specify a particular font file as the default.
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See the
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.Dv SC_DFLT_FONT
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option below.
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.Ss Screen Map
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If your video card does not support software fonts, you may still be able
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to achieve a similar effect by re-mapping the font built into your video card.
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Use
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.Xr vidcontrol 1
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to load a screen map file which defines the mapping between character codes.
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.Ss Mouse Support and Copy-and-Paste
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You can use your mouse to copy text on the screen and paste it as if
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it was typed by hand.
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You must be running the mouse daemon
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.Xr moused 8
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and enable the mouse cursor in the virtual terminal via
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.Xr vidcontrol 1 .
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.Pp
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Pressing mouse button 1 (usually the left button) will start selection.
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Releasing button 1 will end the selection process.
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The selected text will be marked by inverting foreground and
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background colors.
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You can press button 3 (usually the right button) to extend
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the selected region.
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The selected text is placed in the copy buffer and can be pasted
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at the cursor position by pressing button 2 (usually the
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middle button) as many times as you like.
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.Pp
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If your mouse has only two buttons, you may want to use the
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.Dv SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
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option below to make the right button to paste the text.
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Alternatively you can make the mouse daemon
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emulate the middle button.
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See the man page for
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.Xr moused 8
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for more details.
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.Ss Back Scrolling
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The
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.Nm
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driver allows the user to browse the output which has ``scrolled off''
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the top of the screen.
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.Pp
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Press the ``slock'' key (usually
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.Dv ScrllLock
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/
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.Dv Scroll Lock
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or
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.Dv Pause
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on many keyboards) and the terminal is
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in the ``scrollback'' mode.
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It is indicated by the
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.Dv Scroll Lock
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LED.
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Use the arrow keys, the
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.Dv Page Up/Down
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keys and the
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.Dv Home/End
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keys to scroll buffered terminal output.
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Press the ``slock'' key again to get back to the normal terminal mode.
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.Pp
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The size of the scrollback buffer can be set by the
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.Dv SC_HISTORY_SIZE
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option described below.
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.Ss Screen Saver
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The
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.Nm
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driver can be made to put up the screen saver if the current
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virtual terminal is idle, that is, the user is not typing
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on the keyboard nor moving the mouse.
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See
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.Xr splash 4
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and
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.Xr vidcontrol 1
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for more details.
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.Sh DRIVER CONFIGURATION
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.Ss Kernel Configuration Options
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The following kernel configuration options control the
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.Nm
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driver.
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.Bl -tag -width MOUSE
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.It Dv MAXCONS=N
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This option sets the number of virtual terminals to
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.Fa N .
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The default value is 16.
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.It Dv SC_ALT_MOUSE_IMAGE
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This option selects the alternative way of displaying the mouse cursor
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in the virtual terminal.
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It may be expensive for some video cards to draw the arrow-shaped
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cursor, and you may want to try this option.
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However, the appearance of the alternative mouse cursor may not be
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very appealing.
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Note that if you use the
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.Dv SC_NO_FONT_LOADING
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option then you must also use this option if you wish to be able to use
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the mouse.
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.It Dv SC_CUT_SEPCHARS=_characters_
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This options specifies characters that will be looked for when the
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driver searches for words boundaries when doing cut operation.
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By default, its value is
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.Qq Li \ex20
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\(em a space character.
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.It Dv SC_CUT_SPACES2TABS
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This options instructs the driver to convert leading spaces into tabs
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when copying data into cut buffer.
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This might be useful to preserve
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indentation when copying tab-indented text.
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.It Dv SC_DISABLE_DDBKEY
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This option disables the ``debug'' key combination (by default, it is
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.Dv Alt-Esc ,
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or
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.Dv Ctl-PrintScreen ) .
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It will prevent users from
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entering the kernel debugger (DDB) by pressing the key combination.
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DDB will still be invoked when the kernel panics or hits a break point
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if it is included in the kernel.
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.It Dv SC_DISABLE_REBOOT
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This option disables the ``reboot'' key (by default, it is
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.Dv Ctl-Alt-Del ) ,
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so that the casual user may not accidentally reboot the system.
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.It Dv SC_HISTORY_SIZE=N
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Sets the size of back scroll buffer to
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.Fa N
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lines.
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The default value is 100.
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.It Dv SC_MOUSE_CHAR=C
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Unless the
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.Dv SC_ALT_MOUSE_IMAGE
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option above is specified, the
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.Nm
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driver reserves four consecutive character codes in order to display the
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mouse cursor in the virtual terminals in some systems.
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This option specifies the first character code to
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.Fa C
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to be used for this purpose.
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The default value is 0xd0.
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A good candidate is 0x03.
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.It Dv SC_PIXEL_MODE
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Adds support for pixel (raster) mode console.
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This mode is useful on some laptop computers, but less so on
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most other systems, and it adds substantial amount of code to syscons.
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If this option is NOT defined, you can reduce the kernel size a lot.
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See the
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.Dv VESA800X600
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flag below.
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.It Dv SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
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If you have a two button mouse, you may want to add this option
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to use the right button of the mouse to paste text.
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See
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.Sx Mouse Support and Copy-and-Paste
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above.
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.It Dv SC_NORM_ATTR=_attribute_
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.It Dv SC_NORM_REV_ATTR=_attribute_
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.It Dv SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=_attribute_
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.It Dv SC_KERNEL_CONS_REV_ATTR=_attribute_
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These options will set the default colors.
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Available colors are defined in
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.Pa /usr/include/machine/pc/display.h .
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See
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.Sx EXAMPLES
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below.
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.It Dv SC_DFLT_FONT
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This option will specify the default font.
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Available fonts are: iso, iso2, koi8-r, koi8-u, cp437, cp850, cp865,
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cp866 and cp866u.
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16-line, 14-line and 8-line font data will be compiled in.
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Without this option, the
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.Nm
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driver will use whatever font is already loaded in the video card,
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unless you explicitly load a software font at startup.
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See
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.Sx EXAMPLES
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below.
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.El
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.Pp
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The following options will remove some features from the
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.Nm
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driver and save kernel memory.
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.Bl -tag -width MOUSE
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.It Dv SC_NO_CUTPASTE
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This option disables ``copy and paste'' operation in virtual
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terminals.
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.It Dv SC_NO_FONT_LOADING
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The
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.Nm
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driver can load software fonts on some video cards.
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This option removes this feature.
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Note that if you still wish to use
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the mouse with this option then you must also use the
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.Dv SC_ALT_MOUSE_IMAGE
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option.
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.It Dv SC_NO_HISTORY
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This option disables back-scrolling in virtual terminals.
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.\".It Dv SC_NO_PALETTE_LOADING
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.It Dv SC_NO_SYSMOUSE
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This option removes mouse support in the
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.Nm
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driver.
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The mouse daemon
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.Xr moused 8
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will fail if this option is defined.
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This option implies the
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.Dv SC_NO_CUTPASTE
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option too.
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.El
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.Ss Driver Flags
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The following driver flags can be used to control the
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.Nm
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driver.
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They can be set either in
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.Pa /boot/device.hints ,
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or else at the loader prompt (see
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.Xr loader 8 ) .
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.Bl -tag -width bit_0
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.\".It bit 0 (VISUAL_BELL)
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.\"Uses the ``visual'' bell.
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.\"The screen will blink instead of generating audible sound.
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.\".It bit 1,2 (CURSOR_TYPE)
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.\"This option specifies the cursor appearance.
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.\"Possible values are:
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.\".Bl -tag -width TYPE -compact
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.\".It Dv 0
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.\"normal block cursor
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.\".It Dv 2
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.\"blinking block cursor
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.\".It Dv 4
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.\"underline cursor
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.\".It Dv 6
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.\"blinking underline (aka destructive) cursor
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.\".El
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.\".It bit 6 (QUIET_BELL)
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.\"This option suppresses the bell, whether audible or visual,
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.\"if it is rung in a background virtual terminal.
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.It 0x0080 (VESA800X600)
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This option puts the video card in the VESA 800x600 pixel, 16 color
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mode.
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It may be useful for laptop computers for which the 800x600 mode
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is otherwise unsupported by the X server.
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Note that in order for this flag to work, the kernel must be
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compiled with the
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.Dv SC_PIXEL_MODE
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option explained above.
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.\"Note also that the ``copy-and-paste'' function is not currently supported
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.\"in this mode and the mouse pointer will not be displayed.
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.It 0x0100 (AUTODETECT_KBD)
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This option instructs the syscons driver to periodically scan
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for a keyboard device if it is not currently attached to one.
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Otherwise, the driver only probes for a keyboard once during bootup.
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.El
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/syscons/xxxxyyyyzzz -compact
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.It Pa /dev/console
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.It Pa /dev/consolectl
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.It Pa /dev/ttyv?
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virtual terminals
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.It Pa /etc/ttys
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terminal initialization information
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.It Pa /usr/share/syscons/fonts/*
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font files
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.It Pa /usr/share/syscons/keymaps/*
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key map files
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.It Pa /usr/share/syscons/scrmaps/*
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screen map files
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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As the
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.Nm
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driver requires the keyboard driver and the video card driver,
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the kernel configuration file should contain the following lines.
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.Pp
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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device atkbdc
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device atkbd
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device vga
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device sc
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device splash
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.Ed
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You also need the following lines in
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.Pa /boot/device.hints
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for these drivers.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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hint.atkbdc.0.at="isa"
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hint.atkbdc.0.port="0x060"
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hint.atkbd.0.at="atkbdc"
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hint.atkbd.0.irq="1"
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hint.vga.0.at="isa"
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hint.sc.0.at="isa"
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.Ed
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.Pp
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If you do not intend to load the splash image or use the screen saver,
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the last line is not necessary, and can be omitted.
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.Pp
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Note that the keyboard controller driver
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.Nm atkbdc
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is required by the keyboard driver
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.Nm atkbd .
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.Pp
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The following lines will set the default colors.
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The normal text will be green on black background.
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The reversed text will be yellow on green background.
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Note that you cannot put any white space inside the quoted string,
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because of the current implementation of
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.Xr config 8 .
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.Pp
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.Dl "options SC_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK)
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.Dl "options SC_NORM_REV_ATTR=(FG_YELLOW|BG_GREEN)
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.Pp
|
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The following lines will set the default colors of the kernel message.
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The kernel message will be printed bright red on black background.
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The reversed message will be black on red background.
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.Pp
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.Dl "options SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=(FG_LIGHTRED|BG_BLACK)
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.Dl "options SC_KERNEL_CONS_REV_ATTR=(FG_BLACK|BG_RED)
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.Pp
|
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The following example adds the font files
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.Pa cp850-8x16.fnt ,
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.Pa cp850-8x14.font
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and
|
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.Pa cp850-8x8.font
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to the kernel.
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.Pp
|
|
.Dl "options SC_DFLT_FONT"
|
|
.Dl "makeoptions SC_DFLT_FONT=cp850
|
|
.Dl "device sc"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\".Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Sh CAVEATS
|
|
The Amount of data that is possible to insert from the cut buffer is limited
|
|
by the
|
|
.Brq Dv MAX_INPUT ,
|
|
a system limit on the number of bytes that may be stored in the terminal
|
|
input queue - usually 1024 bytes
|
|
(see
|
|
.Xr termios 4 ) .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
This manual page is incomplete and urgently needs revision.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr kbdcontrol 1 ,
|
|
.Xr login 1 ,
|
|
.Xr vidcontrol 1 ,
|
|
.Xr atkbd 4 ,
|
|
.Xr atkbdc 4 ,
|
|
.Xr keyboard 4 ,
|
|
.Xr screen 4 ,
|
|
.Xr splash 4 ,
|
|
.Xr ukbd 4 ,
|
|
.Xr vga 4 ,
|
|
.Xr kbdmap 5 ,
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
|
|
.Xr ttys 5 ,
|
|
.Xr config 8 ,
|
|
.Xr getty 8 ,
|
|
.Xr kldload 8 ,
|
|
.Xr moused 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 1.0 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An -nosplit
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver was written by
|
|
.An S\(/oren Schmidt Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .
|
|
This manual page was written by
|
|
.An Kazutaka Yokota Aq yokota@FreeBSD.org .
|