299 lines
6.8 KiB
Groff
299 lines
6.8 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)du.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd August 1, 2019
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.Dt DU 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm du
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.Nd display disk usage statistics
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl Aclnx
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.Op Fl H | L | P
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.Op Fl g | h | k | m
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.Op Fl a | s | d Ar depth
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.Op Fl B Ar blocksize
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.Op Fl I Ar mask
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.Op Fl t Ar threshold
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.Op Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility displays the file system block usage for each file argument
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and for each directory in the file hierarchy rooted in each directory
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argument.
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If no file is specified, the block usage of the hierarchy rooted in
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the current directory is displayed.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl A
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Display the apparent size instead of the disk usage.
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This can be helpful when operating on compressed volumes or sparse files.
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.It Fl B Ar blocksize
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Calculate block counts in
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.Ar blocksize
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byte blocks.
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This is different from the
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.Fl h, k, m,
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.Fl Fl si
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and
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.Fl g
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options or setting
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.Ev BLOCKSIZE
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and gives an estimate of how much space the examined file hierarchy would
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require on a filesystem with the given
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.Ar blocksize .
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Unless in
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.Fl A
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mode,
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.Ar blocksize
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is rounded up to the next multiple of 512.
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.It Fl H
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Symbolic links on the command line are followed, symbolic links in file
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hierarchies are not followed.
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.It Fl I Ar mask
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Ignore files and directories matching the specified
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.Ar mask .
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.It Fl L
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Symbolic links on the command line and in file hierarchies are followed.
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.It Fl P
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No symbolic links are followed.
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This is the default.
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.It Fl a
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Display an entry for each file in a file hierarchy.
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.It Fl c
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Display a grand total.
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.It Fl d Ar depth
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Display an entry for all files and directories
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.Ar depth
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directories deep.
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.It Fl g
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Display block counts in 1073741824-byte (1 GiB) blocks.
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.It Fl h
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.Dq Human-readable
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output.
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Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte,
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Gigabyte, Terabyte and Petabyte based on powers of 1024.
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.It Fl k
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Display block counts in 1024-byte (1 kiB) blocks.
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.It Fl l
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If a file has multiple hard links, count its size multiple times.
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The default behavior of
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.Nm
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is to count files with multiple hard links only once.
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When the
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.Fl l
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option is specified, the hard link checks are disabled, and these files
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are counted (and displayed) as many times as they are found.
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.It Fl m
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Display block counts in 1048576-byte (1 MiB) blocks.
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.It Fl n
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Ignore files and directories with user
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.Dq nodump
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flag
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.Pq Dv UF_NODUMP
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set.
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.It Fl r
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Generate messages about directories that cannot be read, files
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that cannot be opened, and so on.
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This is the default case.
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This option exists solely for conformance with
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.St -xpg4 .
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.It Fl s
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Display an entry for each specified file.
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(Equivalent to
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.Fl d Li 0 )
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.It Fl Fl si
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.Dq Human-readable
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output.
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Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte,
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Gigabyte, Terabyte and Petabyte based on powers of 1000.
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.It Fl t Ar threshold
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Display only entries for which size exceeds
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.Ar threshold .
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If
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.Ar threshold
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is negative, display only entries for which size is less than the absolute
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value of
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.Ar threshold .
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.It Fl x
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File system mount points are not traversed.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility counts the storage used by symbolic links and not the files they
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reference unless the
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.Fl H
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or
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.Fl L
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option is specified.
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If either the
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.Fl H
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or
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.Fl L
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option is specified, storage used by any symbolic links which are
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followed is not counted (or displayed).
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The
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.Fl H ,
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.Fl L
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and
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.Fl P
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options override each other and the command's actions are determined
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by the last one specified.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl h, k, m
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and
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.Fl Fl si
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options all override each other; the last one specified determines
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the block counts used.
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Bl -tag -width BLOCKSIZE
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.It Ev BLOCKSIZE
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If the environment variable
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.Ev BLOCKSIZE
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is set, and the
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.Fl h, k, m
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or
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.Fl Fl si
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options are not specified, the block counts will be displayed in units of
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that block size.
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If
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.Ev BLOCKSIZE
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is not set, and the
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.Fl h, k, m
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or
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.Fl Fl si
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options are not specified, the block counts will be displayed in 512-byte
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blocks.
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Show disk usage for all files in the current directory.
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Output is in human-readable form:
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.Pp
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.Dl # du -ah
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.Pp
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Summarize disk usage in the current directory:
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.Pp
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.Dl # du -hs
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.Pp
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Summarize disk usage for a specific directory:
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.Pp
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.Dl # du -hs /home
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.Pp
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Show name and size of all C files in a specific directory.
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Also display a grand total at the end:
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.Pp
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.Dl # du -ch /usr/src/sys/kern/*.c
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr df 1 ,
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.Xr chflags 2 ,
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.Xr fts 3 ,
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.Xr symlink 7 ,
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.Xr quot 8
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm
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utility is compliant with the
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.St -p1003.1-2008
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specification.
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.Pp
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The flags
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.Op Fl cdhP ,
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as well as the
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.Ev BLOCKSIZE
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environment variable,
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are extensions to that specification.
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.Pp
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The flag
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.Op Fl r
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is accepted but ignored, for compatibility with systems implementing
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the obsolete
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.St -xcu5
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standard.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility and its
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.Fl a
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and
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.Fl s
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options first appeared in
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.At v1 .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl r
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option first appeared in
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.At III
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and is available since
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.Fx 3.5 .
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The
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.Fl k
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and
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.Fl x
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options first appeared in
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.Bx 4.3 Reno
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and
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.Fl H
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in
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.Bx 4.4 .
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The
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.Fl c
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and
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.Fl L
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options first appeared in the GNU fileutils;
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.Fl L
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and
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.Fl P
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are available since
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.Bx 4.4 Lite1 ,
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.Fl c
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since
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.Fx 2.2.6 .
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The
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.Fl d
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option first appeared in
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.Fx 2.2 ,
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.Fl h
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first appeared in
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.Fx 4.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An -nosplit
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This version of
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.Nm
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was written by
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.An Chris Newcomb
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for
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.Bx 4.3 Reno
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in 1989.
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