339 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
339 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
# @(#)bsd.README 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/2/94
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# $FreeBSD$
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XXX This document is seriously out of date, it is currenly being revised.
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This is the README file for the new make "include" files for the BSD
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source tree. The files are installed in /usr/share/mk, and are, by
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convention, named with the suffix ".mk".
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bsd.dep.mk - handle Makefile dependencies
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bsd.doc.mk - building troff system documents
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bsd.info.mk - building GNU Info hypertext system
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bsd.kmod.mk - building loadable kernel modules
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bsd.lib.mk - support for building libraries
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bsd.libnames.mk - define library names
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bsd.man.mk - installing manual pages and their links
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bsd.obj.mk - creating 'obj' directories and cleaning up
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bsd.own.mk - define common variables
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bsd.port.mk - building ports
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bsd.port.subdir.mk - targets for building subdirectories for ports
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bsd.prog.mk - building programs from source files
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bsd.subdir.mk - targets for building subdirectories
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Note, this file is not intended to replace reading through the .mk
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files for anything tricky.
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See also make(1), mkdep(1) and `PMake - A Tutorial',
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located in /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make.
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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RANDOM THINGS WORTH KNOWING:
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The files are simply C-style #include files, and pretty much behave like
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you'd expect. The syntax is slightly different in that a single '.' is
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used instead of the hash mark, i.e. ".include <bsd.prog.mk>".
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One difference that will save you lots of debugging time is that inclusion
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of the file is normally done at the *end* of the Makefile. The reason for
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this is because .mk files often modify variables and behavior based on the
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values of variables set in the Makefile. To make this work, remember that
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the FIRST target found is the target that is used, i.e. if the Makefile has:
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a:
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echo a
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a:
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echo a number two
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the command "make a" will echo "a". To make things confusing, the SECOND
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variable assignment is the overriding one, i.e. if the Makefile has:
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a= foo
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a= bar
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b:
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echo ${a}
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the command "make b" will echo "bar". This is for compatibility with the
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way the V7 make behaved.
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It's fairly difficult to make the BSD .mk files work when you're building
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multiple programs in a single directory. It's a lot easier split up the
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programs than to deal with the problem. Most of the agony comes from making
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the "obj" directory stuff work right, not because we switch to a new version
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of make. So, don't get mad at us, figure out a better way to handle multiple
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architectures so we can quit using the symbolic link stuff. (Imake doesn't
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count.)
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The file .depend in the source directory is expected to contain dependencies
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for the source files. This file is read automatically by make after reading
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the Makefile.
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The variable DESTDIR works as before. It's not set anywhere but will change
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the tree where the file gets installed.
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The profiled libraries are no longer built in a different directory than
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the regular libraries. A new suffix, ".po", is used to denote a profiled
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object.
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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The include file <sys.mk> has the default rules for all makes, in the BSD
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environment or otherwise. You probably don't want to touch this file.
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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The include file <bsd.man.mk> handles installing manual pages and their
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links.
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It has three targets:
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all-man:
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build manual pages.
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maninstall:
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install the manual pages and their links.
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manlint:
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verify the validity of manual pages.
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It sets/uses the following variables:
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MANDIR Base path for manual installation.
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MANGRP Manual group.
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MANOWN Manual owner.
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MANMODE Manual mode.
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MANSUBDIR Subdirectory under the manual page section, i.e. "/vax"
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or "/tahoe" for machine specific manual pages.
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MAN The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
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MLINKS List of manual page links (using a .1 - .9 suffix). The
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linked-to file must come first, the linked file second,
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and there may be multiple pairs. The files are soft-linked.
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The include file <bsd.man.mk> includes a file named "../Makefile.inc" if
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it exists.
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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The include file <bsd.own.mk> contains the owners, groups, etc. for both
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manual pages and binaries.
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It has no targets.
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It sets/uses the following variables:
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BINGRP Binary group.
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BINOWN Binary owner.
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BINMODE Binary mode.
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STRIP The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
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to be stripped. This is to be used when building your
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own install script so that the entire system can be made
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stripped/not-stripped using a single nob.
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MANDIR Base path for manual installation.
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MANGRP Manual group.
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MANOWN Manual owner.
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MANMODE Manual mode.
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This file is generally useful when building your own Makefiles so that
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they use the same default owners etc. as the rest of the tree.
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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The include file <bsd.prog.mk> handles building programs from one or
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more source files, along with their manual pages. It has a limited number
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of suffixes, consistent with the current needs of the BSD tree.
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It has seven targets:
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all:
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build the program and its manual page
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clean:
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remove the program, any object files and the files a.out,
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Errs, errs, mklog, and ${PROG}.core.
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cleandir:
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remove all of the files removed by the target clean, as
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well as .depend, tags, and any manual pages.
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depend:
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make the dependencies for the source files, and store
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them in the file .depend.
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install:
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install the program and its manual pages; if the Makefile
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does not itself define the target install, the targets
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beforeinstall and afterinstall may also be used to cause
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actions immediately before and after the install target
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is executed.
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lint:
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run lint on the source files
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tags:
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create a tags file for the source files.
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It sets/uses the following variables:
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BINGRP Binary group.
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BINOWN Binary owner.
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BINMODE Binary mode.
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CLEANFILES Additional files to remove and
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CLEANDIRS additional directories to remove during clean and cleandir
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targets. "rm -f" and "rm -rf" used respectively.
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COPTS Additional flags to the compiler when creating C objects.
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FILES A list of non-executable files.
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The installation is controlled by the FILESNAME, FILESOWN,
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FILESGRP, FILESMODE, FILESDIR variables that can be
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further specialized by FILES<VAR>_<file>.
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HIDEGAME If HIDEGAME is defined, the binary is installed in
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/usr/games/hide, and a symbolic link is created to
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/usr/games/dm.
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LDADD Additional loader objects. Usually used for libraries.
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For example, to load with the compatibility and utility
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libraries, use:
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LDFILES=-lutil -lcompat
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LDFLAGS Additional loader flags.
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LINKS The list of binary links; should be full pathnames, the
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linked-to file coming first, followed by the linked
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file. The files are hard-linked. For example, to link
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/bin/test and /bin/[, use:
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LINKS= ${DESTDIR}/bin/test ${DESTDIR}/bin/[
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MAN Manual pages (should end in .1 - .9). If no MAN variable
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is defined, "MAN=${PROG}.1" is assumed.
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PROG The name of the program to build. If not supplied, nothing
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is built.
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PROG_CXX If defined, the name of the program to build. Also
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causes <bsd.prog.mk> to link the program with the
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standard C++ library. PROG_CXX overrides the value
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of PROG if PROG is also set.
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PROGNAME The name that the above program will be installed as, if
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different from ${PROG}.
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SRCS List of source files to build the program. If SRCS is not
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defined, it's assumed to be ${PROG}.c or, if PROG_CXX is
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defined, ${PROG_CXX}.cc.
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DPADD Additional dependencies for the program. Usually used for
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libraries. For example, to depend on the compatibility and
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utility libraries use:
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SRCLIB=${LIBCOMPAT} ${LIBUTIL}
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There is a predefined identifier for each (non-profiled,
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non-shared) library and object. Library file names are
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transformed to identifiers by removing the extension and
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converting to upper case.
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There are no special identifiers for profiled or shared
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libraries or objects. The identifiers for the standard
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libraries are used in DPADD. This works correctly iff all
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the libraries are built at the same time. Unfortunately,
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it causes unnecessary relinks to shared libraries when
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only the static libraries have changed. Dependencies on
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shared libraries should be only on the library version
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numbers.
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STRIP The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
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to be stripped.
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SUBDIR A list of subdirectories that should be built as well.
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Each of the targets will execute the same target in the
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subdirectories.
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SCRIPTS A list of interpreter scripts [file.{sh,csh,pl,awk,...}].
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The installation is controlled by the SCRIPTSNAME, SCRIPTSOWN,
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SCRIPTSGRP, SCRIPTSMODE, SCRIPTSDIR variables that can be
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further specialized by SCRIPTS<VAR>_<script>.
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The include file <bsd.prog.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
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if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
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Some simple examples:
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To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.1, use:
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PROG= foo
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.include <bsd.prog.mk>
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To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.2, add the line:
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MAN2= foo.2
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If foo does not have a manual page at all, add the line:
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NOMAN= noman
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If foo has multiple source files, add the line:
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SRCS= a.c b.c c.c d.c
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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The include file <bsd.subdir.mk> contains the default targets for building
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subdirectories. It has the same seven targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, clean,
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cleandir, depend, install, lint, and tags. For all of the directories
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listed in the variable SUBDIRS, the specified directory will be visited
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and the target made. There is also a default target which allows the
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command "make subdir" where subdir is any directory listed in the variable
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SUBDIRS.
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=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
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The include file <bsd.lib.mk> has support for building libraries. It has
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the same seven targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, clean, cleandir, depend,
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install, lint, and tags. It has a limited number of suffixes, consistent
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with the current needs of the BSD tree.
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It sets/uses the following variables:
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LIBDIR Target directory for libraries.
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LINTLIBDIR Target directory for lint libraries.
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LIBGRP Library group.
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LIBOWN Library owner.
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LIBMODE Library mode.
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LDADD Additional loader objects.
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MAN The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
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SRCS List of source files to build the library. Suffix types
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.s, .c, and .f are supported. Note, .s files are preferred
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to .c files of the same name. (This is not the default for
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versions of make.)
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The include file <bsd.lib.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
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if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
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It has rules for building profiled objects; profiled libraries are
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built by default.
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Libraries are ranlib'd before installation.
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