339 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
339 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
|
|
.\" Donn Seeley at BSDI.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)setlocale.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd June 9, 1993
|
|
.Dt SETLOCALE 3
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm setlocale ,
|
|
.Nm localeconv
|
|
.Nd natural language formatting for C
|
|
.Sh LIBRARY
|
|
.Lb libc
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Fd #include <locale.h>
|
|
.Ft char *
|
|
.Fn setlocale "int category" "const char *locale"
|
|
.Ft struct lconv *
|
|
.Fn localeconv "void"
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
function sets the C library's notion
|
|
of natural language formatting style
|
|
for particular sets of routines.
|
|
Each such style is called a
|
|
.Sq locale
|
|
and is invoked using an appropriate name passed as a C string.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn localeconv
|
|
routine returns the current locale's parameters
|
|
for formatting numbers.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
function recognizes several categories of routines.
|
|
These are the categories and the sets of routines they select:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width LC_MONETARY
|
|
.It Dv LC_ALL
|
|
Set the entire locale generically.
|
|
.It Dv LC_COLLATE
|
|
Set a locale for string collation routines.
|
|
This controls alphabetic ordering in
|
|
.Fn strcoll
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn strxfrm .
|
|
.It Dv LC_CTYPE
|
|
Set a locale for the
|
|
.Xr ctype 3 ,
|
|
.Xr mbrune 3 ,
|
|
.Xr multibyte 3
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr rune 3
|
|
functions.
|
|
This controls recognition of upper and lower case,
|
|
alphabetic or non-alphabetic characters,
|
|
and so on. The real work is done by the
|
|
.Fn setrunelocale
|
|
function.
|
|
.It Dv LC_MESSAGES
|
|
Set a locale for message catalogs, see
|
|
.Xr catopen 3
|
|
function.
|
|
.It Dv LC_MONETARY
|
|
Set a locale for formatting monetary values;
|
|
this affects the
|
|
.Fn localeconv
|
|
function.
|
|
.It Dv LC_NUMERIC
|
|
Set a locale for formatting numbers.
|
|
This controls the formatting of decimal points
|
|
in input and output of floating point numbers
|
|
in functions such as
|
|
.Fn printf
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn scanf ,
|
|
as well as values returned by
|
|
.Fn localeconv .
|
|
.It Dv LC_TIME
|
|
Set a locale for formatting dates and times using the
|
|
.Fn strftime
|
|
function.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Only three locales are defined by default,
|
|
the empty string
|
|
.Li "\&""\|""
|
|
which denotes the native environment, and the
|
|
.Li "\&""C""
|
|
and
|
|
.Li "\&""POSIX""
|
|
locales, which denote the C language environment.
|
|
A
|
|
.Fa locale
|
|
argument of
|
|
.Dv NULL
|
|
causes
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
to return the current locale.
|
|
By default, C programs start in the
|
|
.Li "\&""C""
|
|
locale.
|
|
The only function in the library that sets the locale is
|
|
.Fn setlocale ;
|
|
the locale is never changed as a side effect of some other routine.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn localeconv
|
|
function returns a pointer to a structure
|
|
which provides parameters for formatting numbers,
|
|
especially currency values:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct lconv {
|
|
char *decimal_point;
|
|
char *thousands_sep;
|
|
char *grouping;
|
|
char *int_curr_symbol;
|
|
char *currency_symbol;
|
|
char *mon_decimal_point;
|
|
char *mon_thousands_sep;
|
|
char *mon_grouping;
|
|
char *positive_sign;
|
|
char *negative_sign;
|
|
char int_frac_digits;
|
|
char frac_digits;
|
|
char p_cs_precedes;
|
|
char p_sep_by_space;
|
|
char n_cs_precedes;
|
|
char n_sep_by_space;
|
|
char p_sign_posn;
|
|
char n_sign_posn;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The individual fields have the following meanings:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width mon_decimal_point
|
|
.It Fa decimal_point
|
|
The decimal point character, except for currency values.
|
|
.It Fa thousands_sep
|
|
The separator between groups of digits
|
|
before the decimal point, except for currency values.
|
|
.It Fa grouping
|
|
The sizes of the groups of digits, except for currency values.
|
|
This is a pointer to a vector of integers, each of size
|
|
.Va char ,
|
|
representing group size from low order digit groups
|
|
to high order (right to left).
|
|
The list may be terminated with 0 or
|
|
.Dv CHAR_MAX .
|
|
If the list is terminated with 0,
|
|
the last group size before the 0 is repeated to account for all the digits.
|
|
If the list is terminated with
|
|
.Dv CHAR_MAX ,
|
|
no more grouping is performed.
|
|
.It Fa int_curr_symbol
|
|
The standardized international currency symbol.
|
|
.It Fa currency_symbol
|
|
The local currency symbol.
|
|
.It Fa mon_decimal_point
|
|
The decimal point character for currency values.
|
|
.It Fa mon_thousands_sep
|
|
The separator for digit groups in currency values.
|
|
.It Fa mon_grouping
|
|
Like
|
|
.Fa grouping
|
|
but for currency values.
|
|
.It Fa positive_sign
|
|
The character used to denote nonnegative currency values,
|
|
usually the empty string.
|
|
.It Fa negative_sign
|
|
The character used to denote negative currency values,
|
|
usually a minus sign.
|
|
.It Fa int_frac_digits
|
|
The number of digits after the decimal point
|
|
in an international-style currency value.
|
|
.It Fa frac_digits
|
|
The number of digits after the decimal point
|
|
in the local style for currency values.
|
|
.It Fa p_cs_precedes
|
|
1 if the currency symbol precedes the currency value
|
|
for nonnegative values, 0 if it follows.
|
|
.It Fa p_sep_by_space
|
|
1 if a space is inserted between the currency symbol
|
|
and the currency value for nonnegative values, 0 otherwise.
|
|
.It Fa n_cs_precedes
|
|
Like
|
|
.Fa p_cs_precedes
|
|
but for negative values.
|
|
.It Fa n_sep_by_space
|
|
Like
|
|
.Fa p_sep_by_space
|
|
but for negative values.
|
|
.It Fa p_sign_posn
|
|
The location of the
|
|
.Fa positive_sign
|
|
with respect to a nonnegative quantity and the
|
|
.Fa currency_symbol ,
|
|
coded as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width 3n -compact
|
|
.It Li 0
|
|
Parentheses around the entire string.
|
|
.It Li 1
|
|
Before the string.
|
|
.It Li 2
|
|
After the string.
|
|
.It Li 3
|
|
Just before
|
|
.Fa currency_symbol .
|
|
.It Li 4
|
|
Just after
|
|
.Fa currency_symbol .
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Fa n_sign_posn
|
|
Like
|
|
.Fa p_sign_posn
|
|
but for negative currency values.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Unless mentioned above,
|
|
an empty string as a value for a field
|
|
indicates a zero length result or
|
|
a value that is not in the current locale.
|
|
A
|
|
.Dv CHAR_MAX
|
|
result similarly denotes an unavailable value.
|
|
.Sh "RETURN VALUES
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
function returns
|
|
.Dv NULL
|
|
and fails to change the locale
|
|
if the given combination of
|
|
.Fa category
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa locale
|
|
makes no sense.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn localeconv
|
|
function returns a pointer to a static object
|
|
which may be altered by later calls to
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
or
|
|
.Fn localeconv .
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/locale/locale/category -compact
|
|
.It Pa $PATH_LOCALE/ Ns Em locale/category
|
|
.It Pa /usr/share/locale/ Ns Em locale/category
|
|
locale file for the locale
|
|
.Em locale
|
|
and the category
|
|
.Em category .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh "SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr colldef 1 ,
|
|
.Xr mklocale 1 ,
|
|
.Xr catopen 3 ,
|
|
.Xr ctype 3 ,
|
|
.Xr mbrune 3 ,
|
|
.Xr multibyte 3 ,
|
|
.Xr rune 3 ,
|
|
.Xr strcoll 3 ,
|
|
.Xr strxfrm 3 ,
|
|
.Xr euc 4 ,
|
|
.Xr utf2 4
|
|
.Sh STANDARDS
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn localeconv
|
|
functions conform to
|
|
.St -ansiC .
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn setlocale
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn localeconv
|
|
functions first appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.4 .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
The current implementation supports only the
|
|
.Li "\&""C""
|
|
and
|
|
.Li "\&""POSIX""
|
|
locales for all but the
|
|
.Dv LC_COLLATE ,
|
|
.Dv LC_CTYPE ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Dv LC_TIME
|
|
categories.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In spite of the gnarly currency support in
|
|
.Fn localeconv ,
|
|
the standards don't include any functions
|
|
for generalized currency formatting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Use of
|
|
.Dv LC_MONETARY
|
|
could lead to misleading results until we have a real time currency
|
|
conversion function.
|
|
.Dv LC_NUMERIC
|
|
and
|
|
.Dv LC_TIME
|
|
are personal choices and should not be wrapped up with the other categories.
|