freebsd-nq/share/man/man3/Q_FRAWMASK.3
Edward Tomasz Napierala 5a38af1fb8 Introduce <sys/qmath.h>, a fixed-point math library from Netflix.
This makes it possible to perform mathematical operations
on
fractional values without using floating point. It operates on Q
numbers, which are integer-sized, opaque structures initialized
to hold a chosen number of integer and fractional
bits.


For a general description of the Q number system, see the "Fixed Point
Representation & Fractional Math" whitepaper[1]; for the actual
API see the qmath(3) man page.

This is one of dependencies for the upcoming stats(3) framework[2]
that will be applied to the TCP stack in a later commit.

1. https://www.superkits.net/whitepapers/Fixed%20Point%20Representation%20&%20Fractional%20Math.pdf
2. https://reviews.freebsd.org/D20477

Reviewed by:	bcr (man pages, earlier version), sef (earlier version)
Discussed with:	cem, dteske, imp, lstewart
Sponsored By:	Klara Inc, Netflix
Obtained from:	Netflix
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D20116
2019-08-27 11:46:22 +00:00

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Groff

.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2018 Netflix, Inc.
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.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd July 8, 2018
.Dt Q_FRAWMASK 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm Q_FRAWMASK ,
.Nm Q_GFRAW ,
.Nm Q_GFABSVAL ,
.Nm Q_GFVAL ,
.Nm Q_SFVAL
.Nd fixed-point math functions which manipulate the fractional data bits
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/qmath.h
.Ft ITYPE
.Fn Q_FRAWMASK "QTYPE q"
.Ft ITYPE
.Fn Q_GFRAW "QTYPE q"
.Ft ITYPE
.Fn Q_GFABSVAL "QTYPE q"
.Ft ITYPE
.Fn Q_GFVAL "QTYPE q"
.Ft QTYPE
.Fn Q_SFVAL "QTYPE q" "ITYPE fv"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Fn Q_FRAWMASK
returns a
.Fa q Ns -specific
bit mask for
.Fa q Ap s
fractional data bits.
.Pp
.Fn Q_GFRAW
returns
.Fa q Ap s
raw masked fractional data bits.
.Pp
.Fn Q_GFABSVAL
and
.Fn Q_GFVAL
return the absolute and real values of
.Fa q Ap s
fractional data bits respectively.
.Pp
.Fn Q_SFVAL
sets
.Fa q Ap s
fractional data bits to the value
.Fa fv .
.Pp
All of those functions operate on
the following data types:
.Vt s8q_t ,
.Vt u8q_t ,
.Vt s16q_t ,
.Vt u16q_t ,
.Vt s32q_t ,
.Vt u32q_t ,
.Vt s64q_t ,
and
.Vt u64q_t ,
which are referred to generically as
.Fa QTYPE .
The
.Fa ITYPE
refers to the
.Xr stdint 7
integer types.
.Pp
For more details, see
.Xr qmath 3 .
.Sh RETURN VALUES
.Fn Q_FRAWMASK ,
.Fn Q_GFRAW ,
.Fn Q_GFABSVAL
and
.Fn Q_GFVAL
return their respective values as integers of the same underlying ITYPE as
.Fa q .
.Pp
.Fn Q_SFVAL
returns the value of
.Fa q
post set.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr errno 2 ,
.Xr qmath 3 ,
.Xr stdint 7
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Xr qmath 3
functions first appeared in
.Fx 13.0 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
The
.Xr qmath 3
functions and this manual page were written by
.An Lawrence Stewart Aq Mt lstewart@FreeBSD.org
and sponsored by Netflix, Inc.