659 lines
15 KiB
Groff
659 lines
15 KiB
Groff
.ig
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Copyright (C) 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
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entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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permission notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
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manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
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versions, except that this permission notice may be included in
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translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in
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the original English.
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..
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.
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.de TQ
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. br
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. ns
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. TP \\$1
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..
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.
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.
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.TH GROFF_MAN @MAN7EXT@ "@MDATE@" "Groff Version @VERSION@"
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH NAME
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.
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groff_man \- groff `man' macros to support generation of man pages
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.
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.B groff
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.B \-man
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[
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.IR options .\|.\|.\&
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]
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[
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.IR files .\|.\|.\&
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]
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.br
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.B groff
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.B \-m\ man
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[
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.IR options .\|.\|.\&
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]
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[
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.IR files .\|.\|.\&
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]
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.
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The
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.B man
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macros used to generate man pages with
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.I groff
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were written by James Clark.
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This document provides a brief summary of the use of each macro in that
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package.
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.
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The
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.B man
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macros understand the following command line options (which define various
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registers).
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.
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.TP
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.B \-rcR=1
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This option (the default if in nroff mode) will create a single, very long
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page instead of multiple pages.
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Say
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.B \-rcR=0
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to disable it.
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.
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.TP
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.B \-rC1
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If more than one manual page is given on the command line, number the
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pages continuously, rather than starting each at\ 1.
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.
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.TP
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.B \-rD1
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Double-sided printing.
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Footers for even and odd pages are formatted differently.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rFT= dist
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Set distance of the footer relative to the bottom of the page if negative
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or relative to the top if positive.
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The default is -0.5i.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rHY= flags
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Set hyphenation flags.
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.
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Possible values are 1\ to hyphenate without restrictions, 2\ to not
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hyphenate the last word on a page, 4\ to not hyphenate the last two
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characters of a word, and 8\ to not hyphenate the first two characters
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of a word.
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.
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These values are additive; the default is\ 14.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rIN= width
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Set body text indentation to
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.IR width .
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The default is 7n for
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.IR nroff ,
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7.2n for
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.IR troff .
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For
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.IR nroff ,
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this value should always be an integer multiple of unit `n' to get
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consistent indentation.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rLL= line-length
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Set line length.
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If this option is not given, the line length defaults to 78n in nroff mode
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and 6.5i in troff mode.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rLT= title-length
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Set title length.
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If this option is not given, the title length defaults to the line length.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rP nnn
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Enumeration of pages will start with
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.I nnn
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rather than with\ 1.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rS xx
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Base document font size is
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.I xx
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points
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.RI ( xx
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can be 10, 11, or\ 12) rather than 10\ points.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rSN= width
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Set sub-subheading indentation to
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.IR width .
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The default is 3n.
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.
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.TP
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.BI \-rX nnn
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After page\ \c
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.IR nnn ,
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number pages as
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.IR nnn a,
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.IR nnn b,
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.IR nnn c,
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etc.
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For example, the option `\-rX2' will produce the following page numbers:
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1, 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, etc.
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH USAGE
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.
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This section describes the available macros for manual pages.
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For further customization, put additional macros and requests into the file
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.B man.local
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which will be loaded immediately after the
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.B man
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package.
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.
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.TP
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.BI .TH " title section " [ extra1 "] [" extra2 "] [" extra3 ]
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Set the title of the man page to
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.I title
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and the section to
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.IR section ,
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which must take on a value between 1 and\ 8.
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The value
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.I section
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may also have a string appended, e.g. `.pm', to indicate a specific
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subsection of the man pages.
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Both
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.I title
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and
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.I section
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are positioned at the left and right in the header line (with
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.I section
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in parentheses immediately appended to
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.IR title .
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.I extra1
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will be positioned in the middle of the footer line.
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.I extra2
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will be positioned at the left in the footer line (or at the left on
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even pages and at the right on odd pages if double-sided printing is
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active).
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.I extra3
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is centered in the header line.
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.
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.IP
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For HTML output, headers and footers are completely supressed.
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.
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.IP
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Additionally, this macro starts a new page; the new line number is\ 1 again
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(except if the `-rC1' option is given on the command line) -- this feature
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is intended only for formatting multiple man pages; a single man page should
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contain exactly one
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.B TH
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macro at the beginning of the file.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".SH [" "text for a heading" ]
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Set up an unnumbered section heading sticking out to the left.
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Prints out all the text following
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.B SH
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up to the end of the line (or the text in the next input line if there is
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no argument to
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.BR SH )
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in bold face
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(or the font specified by the string
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.BR HF ),
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one size larger than the base document size.
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Additionally, the left margin and the indentation for the following text
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is reset to the default values.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".SS [" "text for a heading" ]
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Set up a secondary, unnumbered section heading.
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Prints out all the text following
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.B SS
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up to the end of the line (or the text in the next input line if there is
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no argument to
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.BR SS )
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in bold face
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(or the font specified by the string
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.BR HF ),
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at the same size as the base document size.
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Additionally, the left margin and the indentation for the following text
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is reset to the default values.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".TP [" nnn ]
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Set up an indented paragraph with label.
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The indentation is set to
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.I nnn
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if that argument is supplied (the default unit is `n' if omitted), otherwise
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it is set to the previous indentation value specified with
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.BR TP ,
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.BR IP ,
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or
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.B HP
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(or to the default value if none of them have been used yet).
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.
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.IP
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The first input line of text following this macro is interpreted as a string
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to be printed flush-left, as it is appropriate for a label.
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It is not interpreted as part of a paragraph, so there is no attempt to fill
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the first line with text from the following input lines.
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Nevertheless, if the label is not as wide as the indentation the
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paragraph starts at the same line (but indented), continuing on the
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following lines.
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If the label is wider than the indentation the descriptive part of the
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paragraph begins on the line following the label, entirely indented.
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Note that neither font shape nor font size of the label is set to a default
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value; on the other hand, the rest of the text will have default font
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settings.
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.
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.IP
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The
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.B TP
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macro is the macro used for the explanations you are just reading.
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.
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.TP
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.B .LP
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.TQ
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.B .PP
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.TQ
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.B .P
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These macros are mutual aliases.
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Any of them causes a line break at the current position, followed by a
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vertical space downwards by the amount specified by the
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.B PD
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macro.
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The font size and shape are reset to the default value (10pt resp. Roman).
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Finally, the current left margin and the indentation are restored.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".IP [" designator "] [" nnn ]
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Set up an indented paragraph, using
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.I designator
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as a tag to mark its beginning.
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The indentation is set to
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.I nnn
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if that argument is supplied (the default unit is `n' if omitted), otherwise
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it is set to the previous indentation value specified with
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.BR TP ,
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.BR IP ,
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or
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.B HP
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(or to the default value if none of them have been used yet).
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Font size and face of the paragraph (but not the designator) are reset to
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its default values.
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.
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.IP
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To start an indented paragraph with a particular indentation but without a
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designator, use `""' (two doublequotes) as the second argument.
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.
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.IP
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For example, the following paragraphs were all set up with bullets as the
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designator, using `.IP\ \\(bu\ 4'.
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The whole block has been enclosed with `.RS' and `.RE' to set the left
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margin temporarily to the current indentation value.
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.
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.RS
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.IP \(bu 4
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.B IP
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is one of the three macros used in the
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.B man
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package to format lists.
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.IP \(bu 4
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.B HP
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is another.
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This macro produces a paragraph with a left hanging indentation.
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.IP \(bu 4
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.B TP
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is another.
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This macro produces an unindented label followed by an indented paragraph.
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.RE
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".HP [" nnn ]
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Set up a paragraph with hanging left indentation.
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The indentation is set to
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.I nnn
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if that argument is supplied (the default unit is `n' if omitted), otherwise
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it is set to the previous indentation value specified with
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.BR TP ,
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.BR IP ,
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or
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.B HP
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(or to the default value if none of them have been used yet).
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Font size and face are reset to its default values.
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The following paragraph illustrates the effect of this macro with hanging
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indentation set to\ 4 (enclosed by `.RS' and `.RE' to set the left margin temporarily to
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the current indentation):
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.
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.RS
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.HP 4
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This is a paragraph following an invocation of the
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.B HP
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macro.
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As you can see, it produces a paragraph where all lines but the first are
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indented.
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.RE
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".RS [" nnn ]
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This macro moves the left margin to the right by the value
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.I nnn
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if specified (default unit is `n'); otherwise it is set to the previous
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indentation value specified with
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.BR TP ,
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.BR IP ,
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or
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.B HP
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(or to the default value if none of them have been used yet).
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The indentation value is then set to the default.
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.
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.IP
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Calls to the
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.B RS
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macro can be nested.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".RE [" nnn ]
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This macro moves the left margin back to level
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.IR nnn ,
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restoring the previous left margin.
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If no argument is given, it moves one level back.
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The first level (i.e., no call to
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.B RS
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yet) has number\ 1, and each call to
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.B RS
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increases the level by\ 1.
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.
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.PP
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To summarize, the following macros cause a line break with the insertion of
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vertical space (which amount can be changed with the
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.B PD
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macro):
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.BR SH ,
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.BR SS ,
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.BR TP ,
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.B LP
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.RB ( PP ,
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.BR P ),
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.BR IP ,
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and
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.BR HP .
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The macros
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.B RS
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and
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.B RE
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also cause a break but no insertion of vertical space.
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH "MACROS TO SET FONTS"
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.
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The standard font is Roman; the default text size is 10\ point.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".SM [" text ]
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Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next input line to
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appear in a font that is one point size smaller than the default font.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".SB [" text ]
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Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next input line to
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appear in boldface font, one point size smaller than the default font.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".BI " text
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Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face and italic.
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The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
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Thus
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.RS
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.IP
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\&.BI this "word and" that
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.PP
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would cause `this' and `that' to appear in bold face, while `word and'
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appears in italics.
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.RE
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".IB " text
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Causes text to appear alternately in italic and bold face.
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The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".RI " text
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Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and italic.
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The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".IR " text
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Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in italic and roman.
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The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".BR " text
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Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face and roman.
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The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".RB " text
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Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and bold face.
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The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".B [" text ]
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Causes
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.I text
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to appear in bold face.
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If no text is present on the line where the macro is called the text
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of the next input line appears in bold face.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".I [" text ]
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Causes
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.I text
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to appear in italic.
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If no text is present on the line where the macro is called the text
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of the next input line appears in italic.
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.
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.
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.
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.SH "MISCELLANEOUS"
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.
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The default indentation is 7.2n in troff mode and 7n in nroff mode except for
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.B grohtml
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which ignores indentation.
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.
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.TP
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.B .DT
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Set tabs every 0.5 inches.
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Since this macro is always called during a
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.B TH
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request, it makes sense to call it only if the tab positions have been
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changed.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".PD [" nnn ]
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Adjust the empty space before a new paragraph or section.
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The optional argument gives the amount of space (default unit is `v');
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without parameter, the value is reset to its default value (1\ line in
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nroff mode, 0.4v\ otherwise).
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This affects the macros
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.BR SH ,
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.BR SS ,
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.BR TP ,
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.B LP
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(resp.\&
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.B PP
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and
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.BR P ),
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.BR IP ,
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and
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.BR HP .
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".AT [" system " [" release ]]
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Alter the footer for use with AT&T manpages.
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This command exists only for compatibility; don't use it.
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|
See the groff info manual for more.
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.
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.TP
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.BI ".UC [" version ]
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Alter the footer for use with BSD manpages.
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This command exists only for compatibility; don't use it.
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|
See the groff info manual for more.
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.
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.TP
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.B ".PT"
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Print the header string.
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Redefine this macro to get control of the header.
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.
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.TP
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.B ".BT"
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Print the footer string.
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Redefine this macro to get control of the footer.
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.
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.PP
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The following strings are defined:
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.TP
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.B \e*S
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Switch back to the default font size.
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.
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.TP
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.B \e*R
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The `registered' sign.
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.
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.TP
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.B \e*(Tm
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The `trademark' sign.
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.
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.TP
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.B \e*(lq
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.TQ
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.B \e*(rq
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Left and right quote.
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This is equal to `\e(lq' and `\e(rq', respectively.
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.
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.TP
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.B \e*(HF
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The typeface used to print headings and subheadings.
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The default is `B'.
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.
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.PP
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If a preprocessor like
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.B @g@tbl
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|
or
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|
.B @g@eqn
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|
is needed, it has become usage to make the first line of the man page look
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|
like this:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.RS
|
|
.BI .\e"\ word
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note the single space character after the double quote.
|
|
.I word
|
|
consists of letters for the needed preprocessors: `e' for
|
|
.BR @g@eqn ,
|
|
`r' for
|
|
.BR @g@refer ,
|
|
and `t' for
|
|
.BR @g@tbl .
|
|
Modern implementations of the
|
|
.B man
|
|
program read this first line and automatically call the right
|
|
preprocessor(s).
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B man.tmac
|
|
.TQ
|
|
.B an.tmac
|
|
These are wrapper files to call
|
|
.BR andoc.tmac .
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B andoc.tmac
|
|
This file checks whether the
|
|
.B man
|
|
macros or the
|
|
.B mdoc
|
|
package should be used.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B an-old.tmac
|
|
All
|
|
.B man
|
|
macros are contained in this file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B man.local
|
|
Local changes and customizations should be put into this file.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.
|
|
Since the
|
|
.B man
|
|
macros consist of groups of
|
|
.I groff
|
|
requests, one can, in principle, supplement the functionality of the
|
|
.B man
|
|
macros with individual
|
|
.I groff
|
|
requests where necessary.
|
|
See the groff info pages for a complete reference of all requests.
|
|
.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.BR @g@tbl (@MAN1EXT@),
|
|
.BR @g@eqn (@MAN1EXT@),
|
|
.BR @g@refer (@MAN1EXT@),
|
|
.BR man (1)
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
.
|
|
This manual page was originally written for the Debian GNU/Linux system by
|
|
Susan G. Kleinmann <sgk@debian.org>, corrected and updated by Werner Lemberg
|
|
<wl@gnu.org>, and is now part of the GNU troff distribution.
|
|
.
|
|
.\" Local Variables:
|
|
.\" mode: nroff
|
|
.\" End:
|