289 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff
289 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: makefs.8,v 1.13 2004/02/13 17:56:18 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Written by Luke Mewburn for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
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.\" Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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.\" 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
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.\" or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
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.\" written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd March 30, 2003
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.Dt MAKEFS 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm makefs
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.Nd create a file system image from a directory tree
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl t Ar fs-type
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl o Ar fs-options
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl d Ar debug-mask
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl B Ar byte-order
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl S Ar sector-size
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl M Ar minimum-size
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl m Ar maximum-size
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl s Ar image-size
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl b Ar free-blocks
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl f Ar free-files
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl F Ar specfile
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.Ek
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.Op Fl x
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl N Ar userdb-dir
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.Ek
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.Ar image-file
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.Ar directory
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The utility
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.Nm
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creates a file system image into
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.Ar image-file
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from the directory tree
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.Ar directory .
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No special devices or privileges are required to perform this task.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width flag
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.It Fl t Ar fs-type
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Create an
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.Ar fs-type
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file system image.
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The following file system types are supported:
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.Bl -tag -width ffs -offset indent
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.It Sy ffs
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BSD fast file system (default).
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.El
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.It Fl o Ar fs-options
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Set file system specific options.
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.Ar fs-options
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is a comma separated list of options.
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Valid file system specific options are detailed below.
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.It Fl d Ar debug-mask
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Enable various levels of debugging, depending upon which bits are set
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in
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.Ar debug-mask .
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XXX: document these
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.It Fl B Ar byte-order
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Set the byte order of the image to
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.Ar byte-order .
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Valid byte orders are
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.Ql 4321 ,
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.Ql big
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or
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.Ql be
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for big endian, and
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.Ql 1234 ,
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.Ql little
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or
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.Ql le
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for little endian.
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Some file systems may have a fixed byte order; in those cases this
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argument will be ignored.
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.It Fl S Ar sector-size
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Set the file system sector size to
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.Ar sector-size .
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Defaults to 512.
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.It Fl M Ar minimum-size
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Set the minimum size of the file system image to
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.Ar minimum-size .
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.It Fl m Ar maximum-size
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Set the maximum size of the file system image to
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.Ar maximum-size .
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An error will be raised if the target file system needs to be larger
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than this to accommodate the provided directory tree.
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.It Fl s Ar image-size
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Set the size of the file system image to
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.Ar image-size .
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.It Fl b Ar free-blocks
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Ensure that a minimum of
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.Ar free-blocks
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free blocks exist in the image.
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An optional
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.Ql %
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suffix may be provided to indicate that
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.Ar free-blocks
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indicates a percentage of the calculated image size
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.It Fl f Ar free-files
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Ensure that a minimum of
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.Ar free-files
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free files (inodes) exist in the image.
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An optional
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.Ql %
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suffix may be provided to indicate that
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.Ar free-blocks
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indicates a percentage of the calculated image size
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.It Fl F Ar specfile
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Use
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.Ar specfile
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as an
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.Xr mtree 8
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.Sq specfile
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specification.
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.Pp
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If a specfile entry exists in the underlying file system, its permissions and
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modification time will be used unless specifically overridden by the specfile.
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An error will be raised if the type of entry in the specfile conflicts
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with that of an existing entry.
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.Pp
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In the opposite case
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(where a specfile entry does not have an entry in the underlying file system)
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the following occurs:
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If the specfile entry is marked
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.Sy optional ,
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the specfile entry is ignored.
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Otherwise, the entry will be created in the image,
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and it is necessary to specify at least the following parameters
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in the specfile:
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.Sy type ,
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.Sy mode ,
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.Sy gname
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or
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.Sy gid ,
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and
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.Sy uname
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or
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.Sy uid ,
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.Sy device
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(in the case of block or character devices), and
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.Sy link
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(in the case of symbolic links).
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If
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.Sy time
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isn't provided, the current time will be used.
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If
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.Sy flags
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isn't provided, the current file flags will be used.
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Missing regular file entries will be created as zero-length files.
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.It Fl x
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Exclude file system nodes not explcitly listed in the specfile.
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.It Fl N Ar dbdir
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Use the user database text file
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.Pa master.passwd
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and group database text file
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.Pa group
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from
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.Ar dbdir ,
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rather than using the results from the system's
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.Xr getpwnam 3
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and
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.Xr getgrnam 3
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(and related) library calls.
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.El
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.Pp
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Where sizes are specified, a decimal number of bytes is expected.
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Two or more numbers may be separated by an
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.Dq x
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to indicate a product.
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Each number may have one of the following optional suffixes:
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.Bl -tag -width 3n -offset indent -compact
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.It b
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Block; multiply by 512
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.It k
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Kilo; multiply by 1024 (1 KB)
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.It m
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Mega; multiply by 1048576 (1 MB)
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.It g
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Giga; multiply by 1073741824 (1 GB)
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.It t
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Tera; multiply by 1099511627776 (1 TB)
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.It w
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Word; multiply by the number of bytes in an integer
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.El
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.\"
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.\"
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.Ss FFS-specific options
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.Sy ffs
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images have ffs-specific optional parameters that may be provided.
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Each of the options consists of a keyword, an equals sign
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.Pq Ql = ,
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and a value.
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The following keywords are supported:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width optimization -offset indent -compact
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.It Sy avgfilesize
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Expected average file size
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.It Sy avgfpdir
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Expected number of files per directory
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.It Sy bsize
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Block size
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.It Sy density
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Bytes per inode
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.It Sy fsize
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Fragment size
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.It Sy maxbpg
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Maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group
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.It Sy minfree
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Minimum % free
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.It Sy optimization
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Optimization preference; one of
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.Ql space
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or
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.Ql time .
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.It Sy extent
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Maximum extent size
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.It Sy maxbpcg
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Maximum total number of blocks in a cylinder group
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.It Sy version
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UFS version. 1 for FFS (default), 2 for UFS2
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mtree 8 ,
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.Xr newfs 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Nx 1.6 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Luke Mewburn
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.Aq lukem@NetBSD.org .
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