freebsd-skq/share/man/man4/faith.4

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.Dd January 23, 2012
.Dt FAITH 4
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm faith
.Nd IPv6-to-IPv4 TCP relay capturing interface
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd "device faith"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
interface captures IPv6 TCP traffic,
for implementing userland IPv6-to-IPv4 TCP relay
like
.Xr faithd 8 .
.Pp
Each
.Nm
interface is created at runtime using interface cloning.
This is
most easily done with the
.Xr ifconfig 8
.Cm create
command or using the
.Va cloned_interfaces
variable in
.Xr rc.conf 5 .
.Pp
Special action will be taken when IPv6 TCP traffic is seen on a router,
and the default routing table suggests to route it to the
.Nm
interface.
In this case, the packet will be accepted by the router,
regardless of the list of IPv6 interface addresses assigned to the router.
The packet will be captured by an IPv6 TCP socket, if it has the
.Dv IN6P_FAITH
flag turned on and matching address/port pairs.
As a result,
.Nm
will let you capture IPv6 TCP traffic to some specific destination addresses.
Userland programs, such as
.Xr faithd 8
can use this behavior to relay IPv6 TCP traffic to IPv4 TCP traffic.
The program can accept some specific IPv6 TCP traffic, perform
.Xr getsockname 2
to get the IPv6 destination address specified by the client,
and perform application-specific address mapping to relay IPv6 TCP to IPv4 TCP.
.Pp
The
.Dv IN6P_FAITH
flag on a IPv6 TCP socket can be set by using
.Xr setsockopt 2 ,
with level
.Dv IPPROTO_IPV6
and optname
.Dv IPv6_FAITH .
.Pp
To handle error reports by ICMPv6, some ICMPv6 packets routed to an
.Nm
interface will be delivered to IPv6 TCP, as well.
.Pp
To understand how
.Nm
can be used, take a look at the source code of
.Xr faithd 8 .
.Pp
As the
.Nm
interface implements potentially dangerous operations,
great care must be taken when configuring it.
To avoid possible misuse, the
.Xr sysctl 8
variable
.Li net.inet6.ip6.keepfaith
must be set to
.Li 1
prior to using the interface.
When
.Li net.inet6.ip6.keepfaith
is
.Li 0 ,
no packets will be captured by the
.Nm
interface.
.Pp
The
.Nm
interface is intended to be used on routers, not on hosts.
.\"
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr inet 4 ,
.Xr inet6 4 ,
.Xr faithd 8
.Rs
.%A Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino
.%A Kazu Yamamoto
.%T "An IPv6-to-IPv4 transport relay translator"
.%O RFC3142
.Re
.Sh HISTORY
The FAITH IPv6-to-IPv4 TCP relay translator first appeared in the
WIDE hydrangea IPv6 stack.