1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.\"
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.\" blackhole - drop refused TCP or UDP connects
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\"
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1999-08-28 00:22:10 +00:00
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Dd August 17, 1999
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.Dt BLACKHOLE 4
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2001-07-10 15:31:11 +00:00
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.Os
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Sh NAME
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1999-08-28 22:11:17 +00:00
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.Nm blackhole
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Nd a
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.Xr sysctl 8
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MIB for manipulating behaviour in respect of refused TCP or UDP connection
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attempts.
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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1999-08-28 22:11:17 +00:00
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.Cd sysctl net.inet.tcp.blackhole
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.Cd sysctl net.inet.udp.blackhole
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Pp
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1999-08-28 22:11:17 +00:00
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.Cd sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.blackhole=[0 | 1 | 2]
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.Cd sysctl -w net.inet.udp.blackhole=[0 | 1]
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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.Xr sysctl 8
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MIB is used to control system behaviour when connection requests
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are received on TCP or UDP ports where there is no socket listening.
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.Pp
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Normal behaviour, when a TCP SYN segment is received on a port where
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there is no socket accepting connections, is for the system to return
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a RST segment, and drop the connection. The connecting system will
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see this as a "Connection reset by peer". By turning the TCP black
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1999-08-20 05:47:05 +00:00
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hole MIB on to a numeric value of one, the incoming SYN segment
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is merely dropped, and no RST is sent, making the system appear
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as a blackhole. By setting the MIB value to two, any segment arriving
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on a closed port is dropped without returning a RST. This provides
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some degree of protection against stealth port scans.
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Pp
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In the UDP instance, enabling blackhole behaviour turns off the sending
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of an ICMP port unreachable message in response to a UDP datagram which
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arrives on a port where there is no socket listening. It must be noted
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that this behaviour will prevent remote systems from running
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.Xr traceroute 8
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to your system.
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.Pp
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The blackhole behaviour is useful to slow down anyone who is port scanning
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your system, in order to try and detect vulnerable services on your system.
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It could potentially also slow down someone who is attempting a denial
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of service against your system.
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.Sh WARNING
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The TCP and UDP blackhole features should not be regarded as a replacement
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for
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.Xr ipfw 8
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as a tool for firewalling your system. In order to create a highly
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secure system, you should use
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.Xr ipfw 8
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to protect your system, and not the blackhole feature.
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.Pp
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This mechanism is not a substitute for securing your system,
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but should be used together with other security mechanisms.
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1999-08-28 22:11:17 +00:00
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ip 4 ,
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.Xr tcp 4 ,
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.Xr udp 4 ,
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.Xr ipfw 8 ,
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1999-08-17 13:46:38 +00:00
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.Xr sysctl 8
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Geoffrey M. Rehmet
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.Sh HISTORY
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The TCP and UDP
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.Nm
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MIBs
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first appeared in
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1999-08-28 22:11:17 +00:00
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.Fx 4.0 .
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