1996-12-14 22:14:55 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1996
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.\" Mike Pritchard <mpp@FreeBSD.org>. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software donated to Berkeley by
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.\" Jan-Simon Pendry.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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1997-03-07 03:28:23 +00:00
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.\"
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1998-03-12 07:31:21 +00:00
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.\" $Id: fdesc.5,v 1.3 1997/03/07 03:27:59 jmg Exp $
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1997-03-07 03:28:23 +00:00
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.\"
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1996-12-14 22:14:55 +00:00
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.Dd December 14, 1996
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1996-12-14 22:21:30 +00:00
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.Dt fdesc 5
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1996-12-14 22:14:55 +00:00
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.Os BSD 4.4
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fdesc
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.Nd file-descriptor file system
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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fdesc /dev fdesc rw 0 0
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The file-descriptor file system, or
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.Nm fdesc ,
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provides access to the per-process file descriptor
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namespace in the global filesystem namespace.
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The conventional mount point is
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.Pa /dev
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and the filesystem should be union mounted in order to augment,
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rather than replace, the existing entries in
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.Pa /dev .
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.Pp
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The contents of the mount point are
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.Pa fd ,
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.Pa stderr ,
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.Pa stdin ,
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.Pa stdout
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and
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.Pa tty .
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.Pp
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.Pa fd
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is a directory whose contents
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appear as a list of numbered files
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which correspond to the open files of the process reading the
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directory.
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The files
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.Pa /dev/fd/0
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through
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.Pa /dev/fd/#
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refer to file descriptors which can be accessed through the file
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system.
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If the file descriptor is open and the mode the file is being opened
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with is a subset of the mode of the existing descriptor, the call:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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fd = open("/dev/fd/0", mode);
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.Ed
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.Pp
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and the call:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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fd = fcntl(0, F_DUPFD, 0);
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.Ed
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.Pp
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are equivalent.
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.Pp
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The files
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.Pa /dev/stdin ,
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.Pa /dev/stdout
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and
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.Pa /dev/stderr
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appear as symlinks to the relevant entry in the
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.Pa /dev/fd
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sub-directory.
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Opening them is equivalent to the following calls:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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fd = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 0);
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fd = fcntl(STDOUT_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 0);
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fd = fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 0);
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Flags to the
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.Xr open 2
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call other than
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.Dv O_RDONLY ,
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.Dv O_WRONLY
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and
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.Dv O_RDWR
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are ignored.
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.Pp
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The
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.Pa /dev/tty
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entry is an indirect reference to the current process's controlling terminal.
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It appears as a named pipe (FIFO) but behaves in exactly the same way as
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the real controlling terminal device.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /dev/stderr -compact
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.It Pa /dev/fd/#
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.It Pa /dev/stdin
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.It Pa /dev/stdout
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.It Pa /dev/stderr
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.It Pa /dev/tty
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr tty 4 ,
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.Xr mount_devfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_fdesc 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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filesystem first appeared in
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.Bx 4.4 . The
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.Nm
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manual page first appeared in
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.Fx 2.2 .
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1998-03-12 07:31:21 +00:00
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.Sh AUTHORS
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1996-12-14 22:14:55 +00:00
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The
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.Nm
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1998-03-12 07:31:21 +00:00
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manual page was written by
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.An Mike Pritchard Aq mpp@FreeBSD.org ,
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1996-12-14 22:14:55 +00:00
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and was based on the
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.Xr mount_fdesc 8
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1998-03-12 07:31:21 +00:00
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manual page written by
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.An Jan-Simon Pendry .
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