1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1986, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)syslogd.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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1999-08-28 01:35:59 +00:00
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.\"
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2015-06-16 22:26:22 +00:00
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.Dd June 16, 2015
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Dt SYSLOGD 8
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2001-07-10 15:12:08 +00:00
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.Os
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm syslogd
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.Nd log systems messages
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
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.Nm
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2015-03-03 20:07:59 +00:00
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.Op Fl 468ACcdFkNnosTuv
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1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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.Op Fl a Ar allowed_peer
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2001-09-01 08:42:49 +00:00
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.Op Fl b Ar bind_address
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar config_file
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2005-01-11 11:47:22 +00:00
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.Op Fl l Oo Ar mode : Oc Ns Ar path
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Op Fl m Ar mark_interval
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2001-05-10 15:48:33 +00:00
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.Op Fl P Ar pid_file
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2002-10-18 11:42:21 +00:00
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.Op Fl p Ar log_socket
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
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The
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.Nm
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2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
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utility reads and logs messages to the system console, log files, other
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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machines and/or users as specified by its configuration file.
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2000-01-23 20:22:23 +00:00
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.Pp
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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The options are as follows:
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1997-10-20 12:55:49 +00:00
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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.It Fl 4
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2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
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Force
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2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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.Nm
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to use IPv4 addresses only.
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.It Fl 6
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2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
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Force
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2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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.Nm
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to use IPv6 addresses only.
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2008-05-14 00:22:21 +00:00
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.It Fl 8
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Tells
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.Nm
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not to interfere with 8-bit data. Normally
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.Nm
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will replace C1 control characters
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.Pq ISO 8859 and Unicode characters
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with their
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.Dq M- Ns Em x
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equivalent.
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Note, this option does not change the way
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.Nm
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alters control characters
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.Pq see Xr iscntrl 3 .
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They will always be replaced with their
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.Dq ^ Ns Em x
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equivalent.
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2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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.It Fl A
|
2001-08-27 11:04:09 +00:00
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Ordinarily,
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2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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.Nm
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tries to send the message to only one address
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even if the host has more than one A or AAAA record.
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If this option is specified,
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.Nm
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|
tries to send the message to all addresses.
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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.It Fl a Ar allowed_peer
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Allow
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.Ar allowed_peer
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to log to this
|
1997-10-20 12:55:49 +00:00
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.Nm
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
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using UDP datagrams.
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Multiple
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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|
.Fl a
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options may be specified.
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.Pp
|
2008-12-07 18:45:30 +00:00
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|
The
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.Ar allowed_peer
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option may be any of the following:
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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|
.Bl -tag -width "ipaddr/masklen[:service]XX"
|
2001-02-01 16:44:04 +00:00
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.It Xo
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.Sm off
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.Ar ipaddr
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.No / Ar masklen
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.Op : Ar service
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.Sm on
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.Xc
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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Accept datagrams from
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.Ar ipaddr
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(in the usual dotted quad notation) with
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.Ar masklen
|
2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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|
bits being taken into account when doing the address comparison.
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.Ar ipaddr
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|
can be also IPv6 address by enclosing the address with
|
2001-02-26 09:05:48 +00:00
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|
.Ql \&[
|
2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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|
and
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|
.Ql \&] .
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If specified,
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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.Ar service
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|
is the name or number of an UDP service (see
|
2000-12-27 15:30:30 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr services 5 )
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
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|
the source packet must belong to.
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A
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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.Ar service
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of
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.Ql \&*
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
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|
allows packets being sent from any UDP port.
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The default
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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.Ar service
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is
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.Ql syslog .
|
2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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|
If
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.Ar ipaddr
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|
is IPv4 address, a missing
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
|
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|
.Ar masklen
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|
will be substituted by the historic class A or class B netmasks if
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.Ar ipaddr
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|
belongs into the address range of class A or B, respectively, or
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
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|
by 24 otherwise.
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|
If
|
2000-12-16 18:25:48 +00:00
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|
.Ar ipaddr
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|
is IPv6 address, a missing
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.Ar masklen
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|
will be substituted by 128.
|
2001-02-01 16:44:04 +00:00
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|
.It Xo
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|
.Sm off
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.Ar domainname Op : Ar service
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.Sm on
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|
.Xc
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
|
|
|
Accept datagrams where the reverse address lookup yields
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|
.Ar domainname
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
for the sender address.
|
|
|
|
The meaning of
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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|
|
.Ar service
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|
is as explained above.
|
2001-02-01 16:44:04 +00:00
|
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|
.It Xo
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|
.Sm off
|
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|
.No * Ar domainname Op : Ar service
|
|
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|
.Sm on
|
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|
.Xc
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
|
|
|
Same as before, except that any source host whose name
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|
.Em ends
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|
in
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|
.Ar domainname
|
|
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|
will get permission.
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-06-06 12:48:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
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|
.Fl a
|
|
|
|
options are ignored if the
|
|
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|
.Fl s
|
|
|
|
option is also specified.
|
2010-08-07 16:20:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
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|
.Fl b
|
|
|
|
.Sm off
|
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|
.Ar bind_address Op : Ar service
|
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|
.Sm on
|
|
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|
.Xc
|
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|
.It Xo
|
|
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|
.Fl b
|
|
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|
.Sm off
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.Li : Ar service
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.Sm on
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|
.Xc
|
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|
Bind to a specific address and/or port.
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|
The address can be specified as a hostname,
|
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|
|
and the port as a service name.
|
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|
If an IPv6 address is specified, it should be enclosed with
|
|
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|
.Ql \&[
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
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|
.Ql \&] .
|
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|
The default
|
|
|
|
.Ar service
|
|
|
|
is
|
|
|
|
.Ql syslog .
|
2015-06-16 22:26:22 +00:00
|
|
|
This option can be specified multiple times to bind to
|
|
|
|
multiple addresses and/or ports.
|
2006-03-06 10:36:33 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl C
|
|
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|
Create log files that do not exist (permission is set to
|
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|
|
.Li 0600 ) .
|
2002-01-05 07:34:52 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl c
|
|
|
|
Disable the compression of repeated instances of the same line
|
|
|
|
into a single line of the form
|
2002-01-10 15:16:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq Li "last message repeated N times"
|
2002-01-05 07:34:52 +00:00
|
|
|
when the output is a pipe to another program.
|
|
|
|
If specified twice, disable this compression in all cases.
|
1995-10-12 17:18:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl d
|
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|
|
Put
|
1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
into debugging mode.
|
|
|
|
This is probably only of use to developers working on
|
2000-11-20 20:10:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm .
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
|
|
Specify the pathname of an alternate configuration file;
|
|
|
|
the default is
|
|
|
|
.Pa /etc/syslog.conf .
|
2015-03-03 20:07:59 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl F
|
|
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|
Run
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
in the foreground, rather than going into daemon mode. This is useful if
|
|
|
|
some other process uses
|
|
|
|
.Xr fork 2
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr exec 3
|
|
|
|
to run
|
|
|
|
.Nm ,
|
|
|
|
and wants to monitor when and how it exits.
|
2000-10-17 10:19:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl k
|
|
|
|
Disable the translation of
|
|
|
|
messages received with facility
|
2001-07-15 08:06:20 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq kern
|
2000-10-17 10:19:42 +00:00
|
|
|
to facility
|
|
|
|
.Dq user .
|
|
|
|
Usually the
|
|
|
|
.Dq kern
|
|
|
|
facility is reserved for messages read directly from
|
|
|
|
.Pa /dev/klog .
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl m
|
1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
|
|
|
Select the number of minutes between
|
|
|
|
.Dq mark
|
|
|
|
messages; the default is 20 minutes.
|
2011-07-14 07:33:53 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl N
|
|
|
|
Disable binding on UDP sockets. RFC 3164 recommends that outgoing
|
|
|
|
syslogd messages should originate from the privileged port, this
|
|
|
|
option
|
|
|
|
.Em disables
|
|
|
|
the recommended behavior. This option inherits
|
|
|
|
.Fl s .
|
2000-07-29 04:02:34 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl n
|
|
|
|
Disable dns query for every request.
|
2001-11-27 20:02:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl o
|
|
|
|
Prefix kernel messages with the full kernel boot file as determined by
|
|
|
|
.Xr getbootfile 3 .
|
|
|
|
Without this, the kernel message prefix is always
|
2001-12-08 16:17:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq Li kernel: .
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl p
|
1998-06-25 19:39:19 +00:00
|
|
|
Specify the pathname of an alternate log socket to be used instead;
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
the default is
|
1996-10-23 20:17:57 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa /var/run/log .
|
2001-05-10 15:48:33 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl P
|
2001-05-16 09:43:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Specify an alternative file in which to store the process ID.
|
2001-05-10 15:48:33 +00:00
|
|
|
The default is
|
|
|
|
.Pa /var/run/syslog.pid .
|
2005-04-13 03:19:41 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl S
|
|
|
|
Specify the pathname of an alternate log socket for privileged
|
|
|
|
applications to be used instead; the default is
|
|
|
|
.Pa /var/run/logpriv .
|
1998-06-25 19:39:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl l
|
|
|
|
Specify a location where
|
2000-01-23 20:22:23 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm
|
1998-06-25 19:39:19 +00:00
|
|
|
should place an additional log socket.
|
|
|
|
The primary use for this is to place additional log sockets in
|
2000-02-14 13:26:57 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa /var/run/log
|
1998-06-25 19:39:19 +00:00
|
|
|
of various chroot filespaces.
|
2004-11-04 22:20:21 +00:00
|
|
|
File permissions for socket can be specified in octal representation
|
|
|
|
before socket name, delimited with a colon.
|
|
|
|
Path to socket location must be absolute.
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl s
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
Operate in secure mode.
|
|
|
|
Do not log messages from remote machines.
|
|
|
|
If
|
2000-01-14 15:10:36 +00:00
|
|
|
specified twice, no network socket will be opened at all, which also
|
|
|
|
disables logging to remote machines.
|
2008-09-25 09:28:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl T
|
|
|
|
Always use the local time and date for messages received from the network,
|
|
|
|
instead of the timestamp field supplied in the message by the remote host.
|
|
|
|
This is useful if some of the originating hosts can't keep time properly
|
|
|
|
or are unable to generate a correct timestamp.
|
1998-07-22 06:15:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl u
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
Unique priority logging.
|
|
|
|
Only log messages at the specified priority.
|
1998-07-22 06:15:19 +00:00
|
|
|
Without this option, messages at the stated priority or higher are logged.
|
|
|
|
This option changes the default comparison from
|
|
|
|
.Dq =>
|
|
|
|
to
|
|
|
|
.Dq = .
|
|
|
|
.It Fl v
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
Verbose logging.
|
|
|
|
If specified once, the numeric facility and priority are
|
|
|
|
logged with each locally-written message.
|
|
|
|
If specified more than once,
|
1998-07-22 06:15:19 +00:00
|
|
|
the names of the facility and priority are logged with each locally-written
|
|
|
|
message.
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
|
|
|
utility reads its configuration file when it starts up and whenever it
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
receives a hangup signal.
|
|
|
|
For information on the format of the configuration file,
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr syslog.conf 5 .
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
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utility reads messages from the
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2002-11-27 15:31:08 +00:00
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.Ux
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2004-11-04 23:09:57 +00:00
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domain sockets
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.Pa /var/run/log
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and
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.Pa /var/run/logpriv ,
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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from an Internet domain socket specified in
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.Pa /etc/services ,
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and from the special device
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.Pa /dev/klog
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(to read kernel messages).
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.Pp
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1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
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The
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.Nm
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2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
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utility creates its process ID file,
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2001-05-10 15:48:33 +00:00
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by default
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Pa /var/run/syslog.pid ,
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and stores its process
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2001-05-16 09:43:48 +00:00
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ID there.
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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This can be used to kill or reconfigure
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2000-11-20 20:10:44 +00:00
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.Nm .
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Pp
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The message sent to
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1997-04-29 09:09:40 +00:00
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.Nm
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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should consist of a single line.
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The message can contain a priority code, which should be a preceding
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decimal number in angle braces, for example,
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2001-02-01 16:44:04 +00:00
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.Sq Aq 5 .
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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This priority code should map into the priorities defined in the
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include file
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2003-09-08 19:57:22 +00:00
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.In sys/syslog.h .
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2001-07-18 13:31:08 +00:00
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.Pp
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For security reasons,
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.Nm
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2006-03-06 10:36:33 +00:00
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will not append to log files that do not exist (unless
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.Fl C
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option is specified);
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2001-07-18 13:31:08 +00:00
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therefore, they must be created manually before running
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.Nm .
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2008-09-25 09:28:18 +00:00
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.Pp
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The date and time are taken from the received message.
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If the format of the timestamp field is incorrect,
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time obtained from the local host is used instead.
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2012-06-03 11:29:48 +00:00
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This can be overridden by the
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2008-09-25 09:28:18 +00:00
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.Fl T
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flag.
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /var/run/syslog.pid -compact
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.It Pa /etc/syslog.conf
|
1997-10-20 12:55:49 +00:00
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configuration file
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.It Pa /var/run/syslog.pid
|
2001-05-16 09:43:48 +00:00
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default process ID file
|
1996-10-23 20:17:57 +00:00
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.It Pa /var/run/log
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1997-10-20 12:55:49 +00:00
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name of the
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2002-11-27 15:31:08 +00:00
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.Ux
|
1997-10-20 12:55:49 +00:00
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domain datagram log socket
|
2004-11-04 23:09:57 +00:00
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.It Pa /var/run/logpriv
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.Ux
|
2004-11-18 13:37:33 +00:00
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socket for privileged applications
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.It Pa /dev/klog
|
1997-10-20 12:55:49 +00:00
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kernel log device
|
1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr logger 1 ,
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.Xr syslog 3 ,
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.Xr services 5 ,
|
2004-11-09 04:31:31 +00:00
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.Xr syslog.conf 5 ,
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
|
2002-07-14 14:47:15 +00:00
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utility appeared in
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1994-05-26 05:23:31 +00:00
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.Bx 4.3 .
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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.Pp
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The
|
1998-07-22 06:15:19 +00:00
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.Fl a ,
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.Fl s ,
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.Fl u ,
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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and
|
1998-07-22 06:15:19 +00:00
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.Fl v
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
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options are
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|
.Fx 2.2
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|
extensions.
|
1995-10-12 17:18:39 +00:00
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.Sh BUGS
|
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|
The ability to log messages received in UDP packets is equivalent to
|
|
|
|
an unauthenticated remote disk-filling service, and should probably be
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
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|
|
disabled by default.
|
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|
Some sort of
|
1995-10-12 17:18:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.No inter- Ns Nm syslogd
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
authentication mechanism ought to be worked out.
|
|
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|
To prevent the worst
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
|
|
|
abuse, use of the
|
|
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
|
|
option is therefore highly recommended.
|
|
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|
.Pp
|
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|
The
|
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|
.Fl a
|
2005-02-13 22:25:33 +00:00
|
|
|
matching algorithm does not pretend to be very efficient; use of numeric
|
2004-07-02 23:13:00 +00:00
|
|
|
IP addresses is faster than domain name comparison.
|
|
|
|
Since the allowed
|
1997-05-03 22:17:43 +00:00
|
|
|
peer list is being walked linearly, peer groups where frequent messages
|
|
|
|
are being anticipated from should be put early into the
|
|
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
|
|
list.
|
1996-10-28 08:25:13 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The log socket was moved from
|
|
|
|
.Pa /dev
|
2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
|
|
|
to ease the use of a read-only root file system.
|
2000-03-01 14:09:25 +00:00
|
|
|
This may confuse
|
1996-10-28 08:25:13 +00:00
|
|
|
some old binaries so that a symbolic link might be used for a
|
|
|
|
transitional period.
|