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Xin LI 2020-04-16 03:23:19 +00:00
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117
usr.sbin/mailwrapper/mailwrapper.8
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
.\" $OpenBSD: mailwrapper.8,v 1.10 2009/02/07 16:58:23 martynas Exp $
.\" $NetBSD: mailwrapper.8,v 1.11 2002/02/08 01:38:50 ross Exp $
.\" $OpenBSD: mailwrapper.8,v 1.12 2014/03/27 22:34:42 jmc Exp $
.\" $NetBSD: mailwrapper.8,v 1.16 2014/09/19 16:05:55 wiz Exp $
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1998
@ -31,42 +31,58 @@
.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd August 27, 2014
.Dd October 29, 2014
.Dt MAILWRAPPER 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm mailwrapper
.Nd invoke appropriate MTA software based on configuration file
.Nd invoke appropriate
.Tn MTA
software based on configuration file
.Sh SYNOPSIS
Special.
See below.
.Sh DESCRIPTION
At one time, the only Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) software easily available
was
.Xr sendmail 8 .
As a result of this, most Mail User Agents (MUAs) such as
.Xr mail 1
had the path and calling conventions expected by
.Xr sendmail 8
compiled in.
Once upon time, the only Mail Transfer Agent
.Pq Tn MTA
software easily available was
.Dq sendmail .
This famous
.Tn MTA
was written by
.An Eric Allman
and first appeared in
.Bx 4.1 .
The legacy of this
.Tn MTA
affected most Mail User Agents
.Pq Tn MUAs
such as
.Xr mail 1 ;
the path and calling conventions expected by
.Dq sendmail
were compiled in.
.Pp
Times have changed, however.
But times changed.
On a modern
.Ux
system, the administrator may wish to use one of several
available MTAs.
.Fx
system, the administrator may wish to use one of several available
.Tn MTAs .
.Pp
It would be difficult to modify all MUA software typically available
on a system, so most of the authors of alternative MTAs have written
their front end message submission programs so that they use the same
calling conventions as
.Xr sendmail 8
and may be put into place instead of
.Xr sendmail 8
in
.Pa /usr/sbin/sendmail .
It would be difficult to modify all
.Tn MUA
software typically available on a system,
so most of the authors of alternative
.Tn MTAs
have written their front end message submission programs
that may appear in the place of
.Pa /usr/sbin/sendmail ,
but still follow the same calling conventions as
.Dq sendmail .
.Pp
.Xr sendmail 8
The
.Dq sendmail
.Tn MTA
also typically has aliases named
.Xr mailq 1
and
@ -79,45 +95,52 @@ is
or
.Dq newaliases
and behaves appropriately.
Typically, replacement MTAs provide similar
functionality, either through a program that also switches behavior
based on calling name, or through a set of programs that provide
similar functionality.
Typically, replacement
.Tn MTAs
provide similar functionality, either through a program that also
switches behavior based on calling name, or through a set of programs
that provide similar functionality.
.Pp
Although having drop-in replacements for
.Xr sendmail 8
helps in installing alternative MTAs, it essentially makes the
configuration of the system depend on hand installing new programs in
Although having replacement programs that plug replace
.Dq sendmail
helps in installing alternative
.Tn MTAs ,
it essentially makes the configuration of the system depend
on hand installing new programs in
.Pa /usr .
This leads to configuration problems for many administrators, since
they may wish to install a new MTA without altering the system
provided
they may wish to install a new
.Tn MTA
without altering the system provided
.Pa /usr .
(This may be, for example, to avoid having upgrade problems when a new
version of the system is installed over the old.)
They may also have a shared
.Pa /usr
among several
machines, and may wish to avoid placing implicit configuration
information in a read-only
among several machines, and may wish to avoid placing
implicit configuration information in a read-only
.Pa /usr .
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility is designed to replace
program is designed to replace
.Pa /usr/sbin/sendmail
and to invoke an appropriate MTA instead of
.Xr sendmail 8
and to invoke an appropriate
.Tn MTA
based on configuration information placed in
.Pa ${LOCALBASE}/etc/mail/mailer.conf
falling back on
.Pa /etc/mail/mailer.conf .
This permits the administrator to configure which MTA is to be invoked on
This permits the administrator to configure which
.Tn MTA
is to be invoked on
the system at run time.
.Pp
Other configuration files may need to be altered when replacing
.Xr sendmail 8 .
For example, if the replacement MTA does not support the
For example, if the replacement
.Tn MTA
does not support the
.Fl A
option with
.Xr mailq 1 ,
@ -143,6 +166,7 @@ The
will print a diagnostic if its configuration file is missing or malformed,
or does not contain a mapping for the name under which it was invoked.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr dma 8 ,
.Xr mail 1 ,
.Xr mailq 1 ,
.Xr newaliases 1 ,
@ -161,7 +185,8 @@ and then
.Sh BUGS
The entire reason this program exists is a crock.
Instead, a command
for how to submit mail should be standardized, and all the "behave
differently if invoked with a different name" behavior of things like
for how to submit mail should be standardized, and all the
.Dq behave differently if invoked with a different name
behavior of things like
.Xr mailq 1
should go away.