From 125cfd090f2af4935b7cbe526d98acec194a0b51 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: delphij Date: Mon, 13 May 2013 06:52:46 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] MFV: less v458. MFC after: 2 weeks --- contrib/less/NEWS | 7 +- contrib/less/README | 4 +- contrib/less/cmdbuf.c | 2 +- contrib/less/help.c | 2 +- contrib/less/less.hlp | 2 +- contrib/less/less.man | 874 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- contrib/less/less.nro | 23 +- contrib/less/lessecho.man | 2 +- contrib/less/lessecho.nro | 2 +- contrib/less/lesskey.man | 2 +- contrib/less/lesskey.nro | 2 +- contrib/less/option.c | 3 +- contrib/less/opttbl.c | 10 + contrib/less/version.c | 14 +- 14 files changed, 492 insertions(+), 457 deletions(-) diff --git a/contrib/less/NEWS b/contrib/less/NEWS index 6850e15d59ed..e03f35af3529 100644 --- a/contrib/less/NEWS +++ b/contrib/less/NEWS @@ -11,9 +11,10 @@ ====================================================================== - Major changes between "less" versions 451 and 456 + Major changes between "less" versions 451 and 458 -* Allow backslash escaping of metacharacters in LESS environment variable. +* Allow backslash escaping of metacharacters in LESS environment variable + after the --use-backslash option. * Don't quit if syntax errors are found in command line options. @@ -25,6 +26,8 @@ * Fix Win32 attribute display bug. +* Fix display bug when using up/down arrow on the command line. + ====================================================================== Major changes between "less" versions 444 and 451 diff --git a/contrib/less/README b/contrib/less/README index 4a8d6577f8c5..807749a5b53a 100644 --- a/contrib/less/README +++ b/contrib/less/README @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ************************************************************************** ************************************************************************** - Less, version 456 + Less, version 458 - This is the distribution of less, version 456, released 08 Nov 2012. + This is the distribution of less, version 458, released 04 Apr 2013. This program is part of the GNU project (http://www.gnu.org). This program is free software. You may redistribute it and/or diff --git a/contrib/less/cmdbuf.c b/contrib/less/cmdbuf.c index ec25096b7b0d..e387ccce8e86 100644 --- a/contrib/less/cmdbuf.c +++ b/contrib/less/cmdbuf.c @@ -727,9 +727,9 @@ cmd_updown(action) s = ml->string; if (s == NULL) s = ""; - strcpy(cmdbuf, s); cmd_home(); clear_eol(); + strcpy(cmdbuf, s); for (cp = cmdbuf; *cp != '\0'; ) cmd_right(); return (CC_OK); diff --git a/contrib/less/help.c b/contrib/less/help.c index 85797f62a66e..46b8ff1ec38b 100644 --- a/contrib/less/help.c +++ b/contrib/less/help.c @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ constant char helpdata[] = { ' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','M','o','s','t',' ','o','p','t','i','o','n','s',' ','m','a','y',' ','b','e',' ','c','h','a','n','g','e','d',' ','e','i','t','h','e','r',' ','o','n',' ','t','h','e',' ','c','o','m','m','a','n','d',' ','l','i','n','e',',','\n', ' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','o','r',' ','f','r','o','m',' ','w','i','t','h','i','n',' ','l','e','s','s',' ','b','y',' ','u','s','i','n','g',' ','t','h','e',' ','-',' ','o','r',' ','-','-',' ','c','o','m','m','a','n','d','.','\n', ' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','O','p','t','i','o','n','s',' ','m','a','y',' ','b','e',' ','g','i','v','e','n',' ','i','n',' ','o','n','e',' ','o','f',' ','t','w','o',' ','f','o','r','m','s',':',' ','e','i','t','h','e','r',' ','a',' ','s','i','n','g','l','e','\n', -' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','c','h','a','r','a','c','t','e','r',' ','p','r','e','c','e','d','e','d',' ','b','y',' ','a',' ','-',',',' ','o','r',' ','a',' ','n','a','m','e',' ','p','r','e','c','e','e','d','e','d',' ','b','y',' ','-','-','.','\n', +' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','c','h','a','r','a','c','t','e','r',' ','p','r','e','c','e','d','e','d',' ','b','y',' ','a',' ','-',',',' ','o','r',' ','a',' ','n','a','m','e',' ','p','r','e','c','e','d','e','d',' ','b','y',' ','-','-','.','\n', '\n', ' ',' ','-','?',' ',' ','.','.','.','.','.','.','.','.',' ',' ','-','-','h','e','l','p','\n', ' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ','D','i','s','p','l','a','y',' ','h','e','l','p',' ','(','f','r','o','m',' ','c','o','m','m','a','n','d',' ','l','i','n','e',')','.','\n', diff --git a/contrib/less/less.hlp b/contrib/less/less.hlp index a8505619e6b5..45a7fe5901dd 100644 --- a/contrib/less/less.hlp +++ b/contrib/less/less.hlp @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Most options may be changed either on the command line, or from within less by using the - or -- command. Options may be given in one of two forms: either a single - character preceded by a -, or a name preceeded by --. + character preceded by a -, or a name preceded by --. -? ........ --help Display help (from command line). diff --git a/contrib/less/less.man b/contrib/less/less.man index a3ceef0bda8a..7b9a6660781e 100644 --- a/contrib/less/less.man +++ b/contrib/less/less.man @@ -444,58 +444,61 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) LESS="Dn9.1$Ds4.1" - A dollar sign or backslash may be included literally in an option - string by preceding it with a backslash. + If the --use-backslash option appears earlier in the options, then a + dollar sign or backslash may be included literally in an option string + by preceding it with a backslash. If the --use-backslash option is not + in effect, then backslashes are not treated specially, and there is no + way to include a dollar sign in the option string. -? or --help - This option displays a summary of the commands accepted by less - (the same as the h command). (Depending on how your shell - interprets the question mark, it may be necessary to quote the + This option displays a summary of the commands accepted by less + (the same as the h command). (Depending on how your shell + interprets the question mark, it may be necessary to quote the question mark, thus: "-\?".) -a or --search-skip-screen - By default, forward searches start at the top of the displayed - screen and backwards searches start at the bottom of the dis- - played screen (except for repeated searches invoked by the n or - N commands, which start after or before the "target" line + By default, forward searches start at the top of the displayed + screen and backwards searches start at the bottom of the dis- + played screen (except for repeated searches invoked by the n or + N commands, which start after or before the "target" line respectively; see the -j option for more about the target line). - The -a option causes forward searches to instead start at the - bottom of the screen and backward searches to start at the top + The -a option causes forward searches to instead start at the + bottom of the screen and backward searches to start at the top of the screen, thus skipping all lines displayed on the screen. -A or --SEARCH-SKIP-SCREEN - Causes all forward searches (not just non-repeated searches) to - start just after the target line, and all backward searches to - start just before the target line. Thus, forward searches will + Causes all forward searches (not just non-repeated searches) to + start just after the target line, and all backward searches to + start just before the target line. Thus, forward searches will skip part of the displayed screen (from the first line up to and - including the target line). Similarly backwards searches will + including the target line). Similarly backwards searches will skip the displayed screen from the last line up to and including the target line. This was the default behavior in less versions prior to 441. -bn or --buffers=n - Specifies the amount of buffer space less will use for each - file, in units of kilobytes (1024 bytes). By default 64K of - buffer space is used for each file (unless the file is a pipe; - see the -B option). The -b option specifies instead that n + Specifies the amount of buffer space less will use for each + file, in units of kilobytes (1024 bytes). By default 64K of + buffer space is used for each file (unless the file is a pipe; + see the -B option). The -b option specifies instead that n kilobytes of buffer space should be used for each file. If n is - -1, buffer space is unlimited; that is, the entire file can be + -1, buffer space is unlimited; that is, the entire file can be read into memory. -B or --auto-buffers By default, when data is read from a pipe, buffers are allocated automatically as needed. If a large amount of data is read from - the pipe, this can cause a large amount of memory to be allo- + the pipe, this can cause a large amount of memory to be allo- cated. The -B option disables this automatic allocation of buf- - fers for pipes, so that only 64K (or the amount of space speci- + fers for pipes, so that only 64K (or the amount of space speci- fied by the -b option) is used for the pipe. Warning: use of -B - can result in erroneous display, since only the most recently - viewed part of the piped data is kept in memory; any earlier + can result in erroneous display, since only the most recently + viewed part of the piped data is kept in memory; any earlier data is lost. -c or --clear-screen - Causes full screen repaints to be painted from the top line - down. By default, full screen repaints are done by scrolling + Causes full screen repaints to be painted from the top line + down. By default, full screen repaints are done by scrolling from the bottom of the screen. -C or --CLEAR-SCREEN @@ -503,24 +506,24 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) -d or --dumb The -d option suppresses the error message normally displayed if - the terminal is dumb; that is, lacks some important capability, + the terminal is dumb; that is, lacks some important capability, such as the ability to clear the screen or scroll backward. The - -d option does not otherwise change the behavior of less on a + -d option does not otherwise change the behavior of less on a dumb terminal. -Dxcolor or --color=xcolor [MS-DOS only] Sets the color of the text displayed. x is a sin- - gle character which selects the type of text whose color is - being set: n=normal, s=standout, d=bold, u=underlined, k=blink. - color is a pair of numbers separated by a period. The first - number selects the foreground color and the second selects the - background color of the text. A single number N is the same as + gle character which selects the type of text whose color is + being set: n=normal, s=standout, d=bold, u=underlined, k=blink. + color is a pair of numbers separated by a period. The first + number selects the foreground color and the second selects the + background color of the text. A single number N is the same as N.M, where M is the normal background color. -e or --quit-at-eof - Causes less to automatically exit the second time it reaches - end-of-file. By default, the only way to exit less is via the + Causes less to automatically exit the second time it reaches + end-of-file. By default, the only way to exit less is via the "q" command. -E or --QUIT-AT-EOF @@ -529,7 +532,7 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) -f or --force Forces non-regular files to be opened. (A non-regular file is a - directory or a device special file.) Also suppresses the warn- + directory or a device special file.) Also suppresses the warn- ing message when a binary file is opened. By default, less will refuse to open non-regular files. Note that some operating sys- tems will not allow directories to be read, even if -f is set. @@ -539,236 +542,236 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) played on the first screen. -g or --hilite-search - Normally, less will highlight ALL strings which match the last - search command. The -g option changes this behavior to high- - light only the particular string which was found by the last + Normally, less will highlight ALL strings which match the last + search command. The -g option changes this behavior to high- + light only the particular string which was found by the last search command. This can cause less to run somewhat faster than the default. -G or --HILITE-SEARCH - The -G option suppresses all highlighting of strings found by + The -G option suppresses all highlighting of strings found by search commands. -hn or --max-back-scroll=n - Specifies a maximum number of lines to scroll backward. If it + Specifies a maximum number of lines to scroll backward. If it is necessary to scroll backward more than n lines, the screen is repainted in a forward direction instead. (If the terminal does not have the ability to scroll backward, -h0 is implied.) -i or --ignore-case Causes searches to ignore case; that is, uppercase and lowercase - are considered identical. This option is ignored if any upper- - case letters appear in the search pattern; in other words, if a - pattern contains uppercase letters, then that search does not + are considered identical. This option is ignored if any upper- + case letters appear in the search pattern; in other words, if a + pattern contains uppercase letters, then that search does not ignore case. -I or --IGNORE-CASE - Like -i, but searches ignore case even if the pattern contains + Like -i, but searches ignore case even if the pattern contains uppercase letters. -jn or --jump-target=n - Specifies a line on the screen where the "target" line is to be - positioned. The target line is the line specified by any com- - mand to search for a pattern, jump to a line number, jump to a + Specifies a line on the screen where the "target" line is to be + positioned. The target line is the line specified by any com- + mand to search for a pattern, jump to a line number, jump to a file percentage or jump to a tag. The screen line may be speci- - fied by a number: the top line on the screen is 1, the next is + fied by a number: the top line on the screen is 1, the next is 2, and so on. The number may be negative to specify a line rel- ative to the bottom of the screen: the bottom line on the screen - is -1, the second to the bottom is -2, and so on. Alternately, - the screen line may be specified as a fraction of the height of - the screen, starting with a decimal point: .5 is in the middle - of the screen, .3 is three tenths down from the first line, and - so on. If the line is specified as a fraction, the actual line - number is recalculated if the terminal window is resized, so - that the target line remains at the specified fraction of the - screen height. If any form of the -j option is used, forward - searches begin at the line immediately after the target line, - and backward searches begin at the target line, unless changed - by -a or -A. For example, if "-j4" is used, the target line is - the fourth line on the screen, so forward searches begin at the + is -1, the second to the bottom is -2, and so on. Alternately, + the screen line may be specified as a fraction of the height of + the screen, starting with a decimal point: .5 is in the middle + of the screen, .3 is three tenths down from the first line, and + so on. If the line is specified as a fraction, the actual line + number is recalculated if the terminal window is resized, so + that the target line remains at the specified fraction of the + screen height. If any form of the -j option is used, forward + searches begin at the line immediately after the target line, + and backward searches begin at the target line, unless changed + by -a or -A. For example, if "-j4" is used, the target line is + the fourth line on the screen, so forward searches begin at the fifth line on the screen. -J or --status-column - Displays a status column at the left edge of the screen. The - status column shows the lines that matched the current search. - The status column is also used if the -w or -W option is in + Displays a status column at the left edge of the screen. The + status column shows the lines that matched the current search. + The status column is also used if the -w or -W option is in effect. -kfilename or --lesskey-file=filename - Causes less to open and interpret the named file as a lesskey + Causes less to open and interpret the named file as a lesskey (1) file. Multiple -k options may be specified. If the LESSKEY - or LESSKEY_SYSTEM environment variable is set, or if a lesskey + or LESSKEY_SYSTEM environment variable is set, or if a lesskey file is found in a standard place (see KEY BINDINGS), it is also used as a lesskey file. -K or --quit-on-intr - Causes less to exit immediately (with status 2) when an inter- - rupt character (usually ^C) is typed. Normally, an interrupt + Causes less to exit immediately (with status 2) when an inter- + rupt character (usually ^C) is typed. Normally, an interrupt character causes less to stop whatever it is doing and return to - its command prompt. Note that use of this option makes it + its command prompt. Note that use of this option makes it impossible to return to the command prompt from the "F" command. -L or --no-lessopen - Ignore the LESSOPEN environment variable (see the INPUT PRE- - PROCESSOR section below). This option can be set from within - less, but it will apply only to files opened subsequently, not + Ignore the LESSOPEN environment variable (see the INPUT PRE- + PROCESSOR section below). This option can be set from within + less, but it will apply only to files opened subsequently, not to the file which is currently open. -m or --long-prompt - Causes less to prompt verbosely (like more), with the percent + Causes less to prompt verbosely (like more), with the percent into the file. By default, less prompts with a colon. -M or --LONG-PROMPT Causes less to prompt even more verbosely than more. -n or --line-numbers - Suppresses line numbers. The default (to use line numbers) may - cause less to run more slowly in some cases, especially with a - very large input file. Suppressing line numbers with the -n - option will avoid this problem. Using line numbers means: the + Suppresses line numbers. The default (to use line numbers) may + cause less to run more slowly in some cases, especially with a + very large input file. Suppressing line numbers with the -n + option will avoid this problem. Using line numbers means: the line number will be displayed in the verbose prompt and in the = - command, and the v command will pass the current line number to - the editor (see also the discussion of LESSEDIT in PROMPTS + command, and the v command will pass the current line number to + the editor (see also the discussion of LESSEDIT in PROMPTS below). -N or --LINE-NUMBERS - Causes a line number to be displayed at the beginning of each + Causes a line number to be displayed at the beginning of each line in the display. -ofilename or --log-file=filename - Causes less to copy its input to the named file as it is being + Causes less to copy its input to the named file as it is being viewed. This applies only when the input file is a pipe, not an - ordinary file. If the file already exists, less will ask for + ordinary file. If the file already exists, less will ask for confirmation before overwriting it. -Ofilename or --LOG-FILE=filename The -O option is like -o, but it will overwrite an existing file without asking for confirmation. - If no log file has been specified, the -o and -O options can be - used from within less to specify a log file. Without a file + If no log file has been specified, the -o and -O options can be + used from within less to specify a log file. Without a file name, they will simply report the name of the log file. The "s" command is equivalent to specifying -o from within less. -ppattern or --pattern=pattern - The -p option on the command line is equivalent to specifying - +/pattern; that is, it tells less to start at the first occur- + The -p option on the command line is equivalent to specifying + +/pattern; that is, it tells less to start at the first occur- rence of pattern in the file. -Pprompt or --prompt=prompt - Provides a way to tailor the three prompt styles to your own + Provides a way to tailor the three prompt styles to your own preference. This option would normally be put in the LESS envi- ronment variable, rather than being typed in with each less com- mand. Such an option must either be the last option in the LESS - variable, or be terminated by a dollar sign. -Ps followed by a - string changes the default (short) prompt to that string. -Pm - changes the medium (-m) prompt. -PM changes the long (-M) - prompt. -Ph changes the prompt for the help screen. -P= - changes the message printed by the = command. -Pw changes the - message printed while waiting for data (in the F command). All - prompt strings consist of a sequence of letters and special + variable, or be terminated by a dollar sign. -Ps followed by a + string changes the default (short) prompt to that string. -Pm + changes the medium (-m) prompt. -PM changes the long (-M) + prompt. -Ph changes the prompt for the help screen. -P= + changes the message printed by the = command. -Pw changes the + message printed while waiting for data (in the F command). All + prompt strings consist of a sequence of letters and special escape sequences. See the section on PROMPTS for more details. -q or --quiet or --silent - Causes moderately "quiet" operation: the terminal bell is not + Causes moderately "quiet" operation: the terminal bell is not rung if an attempt is made to scroll past the end of the file or before the beginning of the file. If the terminal has a "visual - bell", it is used instead. The bell will be rung on certain - other errors, such as typing an invalid character. The default + bell", it is used instead. The bell will be rung on certain + other errors, such as typing an invalid character. The default is to ring the terminal bell in all such cases. -Q or --QUIET or --SILENT - Causes totally "quiet" operation: the terminal bell is never + Causes totally "quiet" operation: the terminal bell is never rung. -r or --raw-control-chars Causes "raw" control characters to be displayed. The default is - to display control characters using the caret notation; for + to display control characters using the caret notation; for example, a control-A (octal 001) is displayed as "^A". Warning: when the -r option is used, less cannot keep track of the actual - appearance of the screen (since this depends on how the screen + appearance of the screen (since this depends on how the screen responds to each type of control character). Thus, various dis- - play problems may result, such as long lines being split in the + play problems may result, such as long lines being split in the wrong place. -R or --RAW-CONTROL-CHARS - Like -r, but only ANSI "color" escape sequences are output in + Like -r, but only ANSI "color" escape sequences are output in "raw" form. Unlike -r, the screen appearance is maintained cor- rectly in most cases. ANSI "color" escape sequences are sequences of the form: ESC [ ... m - where the "..." is zero or more color specification characters - For the purpose of keeping track of screen appearance, ANSI - color escape sequences are assumed to not move the cursor. You - can make less think that characters other than "m" can end ANSI - color escape sequences by setting the environment variable + where the "..." is zero or more color specification characters + For the purpose of keeping track of screen appearance, ANSI + color escape sequences are assumed to not move the cursor. You + can make less think that characters other than "m" can end ANSI + color escape sequences by setting the environment variable LESSANSIENDCHARS to the list of characters which can end a color - escape sequence. And you can make less think that characters - other than the standard ones may appear between the ESC and the - m by setting the environment variable LESSANSIMIDCHARS to the + escape sequence. And you can make less think that characters + other than the standard ones may appear between the ESC and the + m by setting the environment variable LESSANSIMIDCHARS to the list of characters which can appear. -s or --squeeze-blank-lines - Causes consecutive blank lines to be squeezed into a single + Causes consecutive blank lines to be squeezed into a single blank line. This is useful when viewing nroff output. -S or --chop-long-lines - Causes lines longer than the screen width to be chopped (trun- + Causes lines longer than the screen width to be chopped (trun- cated) rather than wrapped. That is, the portion of a long line that does not fit in the screen width is not shown. The default - is to wrap long lines; that is, display the remainder on the + is to wrap long lines; that is, display the remainder on the next line. -ttag or --tag=tag The -t option, followed immediately by a TAG, will edit the file - containing that tag. For this to work, tag information must be - available; for example, there may be a file in the current + containing that tag. For this to work, tag information must be + available; for example, there may be a file in the current directory called "tags", which was previously built by ctags (1) or an equivalent command. If the environment variable LESSGLOB- - ALTAGS is set, it is taken to be the name of a command compati- - ble with global (1), and that command is executed to find the + ALTAGS is set, it is taken to be the name of a command compati- + ble with global (1), and that command is executed to find the tag. (See http://www.gnu.org/software/global/global.html). The - -t option may also be specified from within less (using the - - command) as a way of examining a new file. The command ":t" is + -t option may also be specified from within less (using the - + command) as a way of examining a new file. The command ":t" is equivalent to specifying -t from within less. -Ttagsfile or --tag-file=tagsfile Specifies a tags file to be used instead of "tags". -u or --underline-special - Causes backspaces and carriage returns to be treated as print- - able characters; that is, they are sent to the terminal when + Causes backspaces and carriage returns to be treated as print- + able characters; that is, they are sent to the terminal when they appear in the input. -U or --UNDERLINE-SPECIAL - Causes backspaces, tabs and carriage returns to be treated as - control characters; that is, they are handled as specified by + Causes backspaces, tabs and carriage returns to be treated as + control characters; that is, they are handled as specified by the -r option. - By default, if neither -u nor -U is given, backspaces which - appear adjacent to an underscore character are treated spe- - cially: the underlined text is displayed using the terminal's - hardware underlining capability. Also, backspaces which appear - between two identical characters are treated specially: the - overstruck text is printed using the terminal's hardware bold- - face capability. Other backspaces are deleted, along with the + By default, if neither -u nor -U is given, backspaces which + appear adjacent to an underscore character are treated spe- + cially: the underlined text is displayed using the terminal's + hardware underlining capability. Also, backspaces which appear + between two identical characters are treated specially: the + overstruck text is printed using the terminal's hardware bold- + face capability. Other backspaces are deleted, along with the preceding character. Carriage returns immediately followed by a - newline are deleted. Other carriage returns are handled as - specified by the -r option. Text which is overstruck or under- + newline are deleted. Other carriage returns are handled as + specified by the -r option. Text which is overstruck or under- lined can be searched for if neither -u nor -U is in effect. -V or --version Displays the version number of less. -w or --hilite-unread - Temporarily highlights the first "new" line after a forward + Temporarily highlights the first "new" line after a forward movement of a full page. The first "new" line is the line imme- - diately following the line previously at the bottom of the + diately following the line previously at the bottom of the screen. Also highlights the target line after a g or p command. - The highlight is removed at the next command which causes move- - ment. The entire line is highlighted, unless the -J option is + The highlight is removed at the next command which causes move- + ment. The entire line is highlighted, unless the -J option is in effect, in which case only the status column is highlighted. -W or --HILITE-UNREAD @@ -776,48 +779,48 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) forward movement command larger than one line. -xn,... or --tabs=n,... - Sets tab stops. If only one n is specified, tab stops are set - at multiples of n. If multiple values separated by commas are - specified, tab stops are set at those positions, and then con- - tinue with the same spacing as the last two. For example, - -x9,17 will set tabs at positions 9, 17, 25, 33, etc. The + Sets tab stops. If only one n is specified, tab stops are set + at multiples of n. If multiple values separated by commas are + specified, tab stops are set at those positions, and then con- + tinue with the same spacing as the last two. For example, + -x9,17 will set tabs at positions 9, 17, 25, 33, etc. The default for n is 8. -X or --no-init Disables sending the termcap initialization and deinitialization - strings to the terminal. This is sometimes desirable if the - deinitialization string does something unnecessary, like clear- + strings to the terminal. This is sometimes desirable if the + deinitialization string does something unnecessary, like clear- ing the screen. -yn or --max-forw-scroll=n Specifies a maximum number of lines to scroll forward. If it is - necessary to scroll forward more than n lines, the screen is - repainted instead. The -c or -C option may be used to repaint - from the top of the screen if desired. By default, any forward + necessary to scroll forward more than n lines, the screen is + repainted instead. The -c or -C option may be used to repaint + from the top of the screen if desired. By default, any forward movement causes scrolling. -[z]n or --window=n - Changes the default scrolling window size to n lines. The + Changes the default scrolling window size to n lines. The default is one screenful. The z and w commands can also be used - to change the window size. The "z" may be omitted for compati- + to change the window size. The "z" may be omitted for compati- bility with some versions of more. If the number n is negative, - it indicates n lines less than the current screen size. For + it indicates n lines less than the current screen size. For example, if the screen is 24 lines, -z-4 sets the scrolling win- - dow to 20 lines. If the screen is resized to 40 lines, the + dow to 20 lines. If the screen is resized to 40 lines, the scrolling window automatically changes to 36 lines. -"cc or --quotes=cc - Changes the filename quoting character. This may be necessary - if you are trying to name a file which contains both spaces and - quote characters. Followed by a single character, this changes - the quote character to that character. Filenames containing a + Changes the filename quoting character. This may be necessary + if you are trying to name a file which contains both spaces and + quote characters. Followed by a single character, this changes + the quote character to that character. Filenames containing a space should then be surrounded by that character rather than by - double quotes. Followed by two characters, changes the open - quote to the first character, and the close quote to the second + double quotes. Followed by two characters, changes the open + quote to the first character, and the close quote to the second character. Filenames containing a space should then be preceded - by the open quote character and followed by the close quote - character. Note that even after the quote characters are - changed, this option remains -" (a dash followed by a double + by the open quote character and followed by the close quote + character. Note that even after the quote characters are + changed, this option remains -" (a dash followed by a double quote). -~ or --tilde @@ -827,60 +830,67 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) -# or --shift Specifies the default number of positions to scroll horizontally - in the RIGHTARROW and LEFTARROW commands. If the number speci- - fied is zero, it sets the default number of positions to one + in the RIGHTARROW and LEFTARROW commands. If the number speci- + fied is zero, it sets the default number of positions to one half of the screen width. Alternately, the number may be speci- - fied as a fraction of the width of the screen, starting with a - decimal point: .5 is half of the screen width, .3 is three - tenths of the screen width, and so on. If the number is speci- - fied as a fraction, the actual number of scroll positions is - recalculated if the terminal window is resized, so that the - actual scroll remains at the specified fraction of the screen + fied as a fraction of the width of the screen, starting with a + decimal point: .5 is half of the screen width, .3 is three + tenths of the screen width, and so on. If the number is speci- + fied as a fraction, the actual number of scroll positions is + recalculated if the terminal window is resized, so that the + actual scroll remains at the specified fraction of the screen width. + --follow-name + Normally, if the input file is renamed while an F command is + executing, less will continue to display the contents of the + original file despite its name change. If --follow-name is + specified, during an F command less will periodically attempt to + reopen the file by name. If the reopen succeeds and the file is + a different file from the original (which means that a new file + has been created with the same name as the original (now + renamed) file), less will display the contents of that new file. + --no-keypad Disables sending the keypad initialization and deinitialization strings to the terminal. This is sometimes useful if the keypad strings make the numeric keypad behave in an undesirable manner. - --follow-name - Normally, if the input file is renamed while an F command is - executing, less will continue to display the contents of the - original file despite its name change. If --follow-name is - specified, during an F command less will periodically attempt to - reopen the file by name. If the reopen succeeds and the file is - a different file from the original (which means that a new file - has been created with the same name as the original (now - renamed) file), less will display the contents of that new file. + --use-backslash + This option changes the interpretations of options which follow + this one. After the --use-backslash option, any backslash in an + option string is removed and the following character is taken + literally. This allows a dollar sign to be included in option + strings. - -- A command line argument of "--" marks the end of option argu- - ments. Any arguments following this are interpreted as file- + -- A command line argument of "--" marks the end of option argu- + ments. Any arguments following this are interpreted as file- names. This can be useful when viewing a file whose name begins with a "-" or "+". - + If a command line option begins with +, the remainder of that - option is taken to be an initial command to less. For example, - +G tells less to start at the end of the file rather than the - beginning, and +/xyz tells it to start at the first occurrence - of "xyz" in the file. As a special case, + acts like + + If a command line option begins with +, the remainder of that + option is taken to be an initial command to less. For example, + +G tells less to start at the end of the file rather than the + beginning, and +/xyz tells it to start at the first occurrence + of "xyz" in the file. As a special case, + acts like +g; that is, it starts the display at the specified line - number (however, see the caveat under the "g" command above). - If the option starts with ++, the initial command applies to - every file being viewed, not just the first one. The + command + number (however, see the caveat under the "g" command above). + If the option starts with ++, the initial command applies to + every file being viewed, not just the first one. The + command described previously may also be used to set (or change) an ini- tial command for every file. LINE EDITING - When entering command line at the bottom of the screen (for example, a + When entering command line at the bottom of the screen (for example, a filename for the :e command, or the pattern for a search command), cer- - tain keys can be used to manipulate the command line. Most commands - have an alternate form in [ brackets ] which can be used if a key does - not exist on a particular keyboard. (Note that the forms beginning - with ESC do not work in some MS-DOS and Windows systems because ESC is - the line erase character.) Any of these special keys may be entered - literally by preceding it with the "literal" character, either ^V or - ^A. A backslash itself may also be entered literally by entering two + tain keys can be used to manipulate the command line. Most commands + have an alternate form in [ brackets ] which can be used if a key does + not exist on a particular keyboard. (Note that the forms beginning + with ESC do not work in some MS-DOS and Windows systems because ESC is + the line erase character.) Any of these special keys may be entered + literally by preceding it with the "literal" character, either ^V or + ^A. A backslash itself may also be entered literally by entering two backslashes. LEFTARROW [ ESC-h ] @@ -890,7 +900,7 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) Move the cursor one space to the right. ^LEFTARROW [ ESC-b or ESC-LEFTARROW ] - (That is, CONTROL and LEFTARROW simultaneously.) Move the cur- + (That is, CONTROL and LEFTARROW simultaneously.) Move the cur- sor one word to the left. ^RIGHTARROW [ ESC-w or ESC-RIGHTARROW ] @@ -904,48 +914,48 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) Move the cursor to the end of the line. BACKSPACE - Delete the character to the left of the cursor, or cancel the + Delete the character to the left of the cursor, or cancel the command if the command line is empty. DELETE or [ ESC-x ] Delete the character under the cursor. ^BACKSPACE [ ESC-BACKSPACE ] - (That is, CONTROL and BACKSPACE simultaneously.) Delete the + (That is, CONTROL and BACKSPACE simultaneously.) Delete the word to the left of the cursor. ^DELETE [ ESC-X or ESC-DELETE ] - (That is, CONTROL and DELETE simultaneously.) Delete the word + (That is, CONTROL and DELETE simultaneously.) Delete the word under the cursor. UPARROW [ ESC-k ] - Retrieve the previous command line. If you first enter some - text and then press UPARROW, it will retrieve the previous com- + Retrieve the previous command line. If you first enter some + text and then press UPARROW, it will retrieve the previous com- mand which begins with that text. DOWNARROW [ ESC-j ] - Retrieve the next command line. If you first enter some text - and then press DOWNARROW, it will retrieve the next command + Retrieve the next command line. If you first enter some text + and then press DOWNARROW, it will retrieve the next command which begins with that text. - TAB Complete the partial filename to the left of the cursor. If it - matches more than one filename, the first match is entered into - the command line. Repeated TABs will cycle thru the other + TAB Complete the partial filename to the left of the cursor. If it + matches more than one filename, the first match is entered into + the command line. Repeated TABs will cycle thru the other matching filenames. If the completed filename is a directory, a - "/" is appended to the filename. (On MS-DOS systems, a "\" is - appended.) The environment variable LESSSEPARATOR can be used + "/" is appended to the filename. (On MS-DOS systems, a "\" is + appended.) The environment variable LESSSEPARATOR can be used to specify a different character to append to a directory name. BACKTAB [ ESC-TAB ] Like, TAB, but cycles in the reverse direction thru the matching filenames. - ^L Complete the partial filename to the left of the cursor. If it + ^L Complete the partial filename to the left of the cursor. If it matches more than one filename, all matches are entered into the command line (if they fit). ^U (Unix and OS/2) or ESC (MS-DOS) - Delete the entire command line, or cancel the command if the + Delete the entire command line, or cancel the command if the command line is empty. If you have changed your line-kill char- acter in Unix to something other than ^U, that character is used instead of ^U. @@ -954,72 +964,72 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) KEY BINDINGS - You may define your own less commands by using the program lesskey (1) - to create a lesskey file. This file specifies a set of command keys - and an action associated with each key. You may also use lesskey to + You may define your own less commands by using the program lesskey (1) + to create a lesskey file. This file specifies a set of command keys + and an action associated with each key. You may also use lesskey to change the line-editing keys (see LINE EDITING), and to set environment - variables. If the environment variable LESSKEY is set, less uses that - as the name of the lesskey file. Otherwise, less looks in a standard - place for the lesskey file: On Unix systems, less looks for a lesskey - file called "$HOME/.less". On MS-DOS and Windows systems, less looks - for a lesskey file called "$HOME/_less", and if it is not found there, + variables. If the environment variable LESSKEY is set, less uses that + as the name of the lesskey file. Otherwise, less looks in a standard + place for the lesskey file: On Unix systems, less looks for a lesskey + file called "$HOME/.less". On MS-DOS and Windows systems, less looks + for a lesskey file called "$HOME/_less", and if it is not found there, then looks for a lesskey file called "_less" in any directory specified - in the PATH environment variable. On OS/2 systems, less looks for a - lesskey file called "$HOME/less.ini", and if it is not found, then - looks for a lesskey file called "less.ini" in any directory specified + in the PATH environment variable. On OS/2 systems, less looks for a + lesskey file called "$HOME/less.ini", and if it is not found, then + looks for a lesskey file called "less.ini" in any directory specified in the INIT environment variable, and if it not found there, then looks - for a lesskey file called "less.ini" in any directory specified in the - PATH environment variable. See the lesskey manual page for more + for a lesskey file called "less.ini" in any directory specified in the + PATH environment variable. See the lesskey manual page for more details. - A system-wide lesskey file may also be set up to provide key bindings. + A system-wide lesskey file may also be set up to provide key bindings. If a key is defined in both a local lesskey file and in the system-wide - file, key bindings in the local file take precedence over those in the - system-wide file. If the environment variable LESSKEY_SYSTEM is set, + file, key bindings in the local file take precedence over those in the + system-wide file. If the environment variable LESSKEY_SYSTEM is set, less uses that as the name of the system-wide lesskey file. Otherwise, - less looks in a standard place for the system-wide lesskey file: On - Unix systems, the system-wide lesskey file is /usr/local/etc/sysless. - (However, if less was built with a different sysconf directory than + less looks in a standard place for the system-wide lesskey file: On + Unix systems, the system-wide lesskey file is /usr/local/etc/sysless. + (However, if less was built with a different sysconf directory than /usr/local/etc, that directory is where the sysless file is found.) On - MS-DOS and Windows systems, the system-wide lesskey file is c:\_sys- + MS-DOS and Windows systems, the system-wide lesskey file is c:\_sys- less. On OS/2 systems, the system-wide lesskey file is c:\sysless.ini. INPUT PREPROCESSOR - You may define an "input preprocessor" for less. Before less opens a + You may define an "input preprocessor" for less. Before less opens a file, it first gives your input preprocessor a chance to modify the way - the contents of the file are displayed. An input preprocessor is sim- - ply an executable program (or shell script), which writes the contents + the contents of the file are displayed. An input preprocessor is sim- + ply an executable program (or shell script), which writes the contents of the file to a different file, called the replacement file. The con- - tents of the replacement file are then displayed in place of the con- - tents of the original file. However, it will appear to the user as if - the original file is opened; that is, less will display the original + tents of the replacement file are then displayed in place of the con- + tents of the original file. However, it will appear to the user as if + the original file is opened; that is, less will display the original filename as the name of the current file. - An input preprocessor receives one command line argument, the original - filename, as entered by the user. It should create the replacement - file, and when finished, print the name of the replacement file to its - standard output. If the input preprocessor does not output a replace- - ment filename, less uses the original file, as normal. The input pre- - processor is not called when viewing standard input. To set up an - input preprocessor, set the LESSOPEN environment variable to a command - line which will invoke your input preprocessor. This command line - should include one occurrence of the string "%s", which will be - replaced by the filename when the input preprocessor command is + An input preprocessor receives one command line argument, the original + filename, as entered by the user. It should create the replacement + file, and when finished, print the name of the replacement file to its + standard output. If the input preprocessor does not output a replace- + ment filename, less uses the original file, as normal. The input pre- + processor is not called when viewing standard input. To set up an + input preprocessor, set the LESSOPEN environment variable to a command + line which will invoke your input preprocessor. This command line + should include one occurrence of the string "%s", which will be + replaced by the filename when the input preprocessor command is invoked. When less closes a file opened in such a way, it will call another pro- - gram, called the input postprocessor, which may perform any desired - clean-up action (such as deleting the replacement file created by + gram, called the input postprocessor, which may perform any desired + clean-up action (such as deleting the replacement file created by LESSOPEN). This program receives two command line arguments, the orig- - inal filename as entered by the user, and the name of the replacement - file. To set up an input postprocessor, set the LESSCLOSE environment - variable to a command line which will invoke your input postprocessor. - It may include two occurrences of the string "%s"; the first is - replaced with the original name of the file and the second with the + inal filename as entered by the user, and the name of the replacement + file. To set up an input postprocessor, set the LESSCLOSE environment + variable to a command line which will invoke your input postprocessor. + It may include two occurrences of the string "%s"; the first is + replaced with the original name of the file and the second with the name of the replacement file, which was output by LESSOPEN. - For example, on many Unix systems, these two scripts will allow you to + For example, on many Unix systems, these two scripts will allow you to keep files in compressed format, but still let less view them directly: lessopen.sh: @@ -1038,25 +1048,25 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) #! /bin/sh rm $2 - To use these scripts, put them both where they can be executed and set + To use these scripts, put them both where they can be executed and set LESSOPEN="lessopen.sh %s", and LESSCLOSE="lessclose.sh %s %s". More - complex LESSOPEN and LESSCLOSE scripts may be written to accept other + complex LESSOPEN and LESSCLOSE scripts may be written to accept other types of compressed files, and so on. - It is also possible to set up an input preprocessor to pipe the file - data directly to less, rather than putting the data into a replacement + It is also possible to set up an input preprocessor to pipe the file + data directly to less, rather than putting the data into a replacement file. This avoids the need to decompress the entire file before start- ing to view it. An input preprocessor that works this way is called an - input pipe. An input pipe, instead of writing the name of a replace- - ment file on its standard output, writes the entire contents of the - replacement file on its standard output. If the input pipe does not - write any characters on its standard output, then there is no replace- - ment file and less uses the original file, as normal. To use an input - pipe, make the first character in the LESSOPEN environment variable a - vertical bar (|) to signify that the input preprocessor is an input + input pipe. An input pipe, instead of writing the name of a replace- + ment file on its standard output, writes the entire contents of the + replacement file on its standard output. If the input pipe does not + write any characters on its standard output, then there is no replace- + ment file and less uses the original file, as normal. To use an input + pipe, make the first character in the LESSOPEN environment variable a + vertical bar (|) to signify that the input preprocessor is an input pipe. - For example, on many Unix systems, this script will work like the pre- + For example, on many Unix systems, this script will work like the pre- vious example scripts: lesspipe.sh: @@ -1071,30 +1081,30 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) To use this script, put it where it can be executed and set LESSOPEN="|lesspipe.sh %s". - Note that a preprocessor cannot output an empty file, since that is - interpreted as meaning there is no replacement, and the original file + Note that a preprocessor cannot output an empty file, since that is + interpreted as meaning there is no replacement, and the original file is used. To avoid this, if LESSOPEN starts with two vertical bars, the - exit status of the script becomes meaningful. If the exit status is - zero, the output is considered to be replacement text, even if it - empty. If the exit status is nonzero, any output is ignored and the - original file is used. For compatibility with previous versions of + exit status of the script becomes meaningful. If the exit status is + zero, the output is considered to be replacement text, even if it + empty. If the exit status is nonzero, any output is ignored and the + original file is used. For compatibility with previous versions of less, if LESSOPEN starts with only one vertical bar, the exit status of the preprocessor is ignored. - When an input pipe is used, a LESSCLOSE postprocessor can be used, but + When an input pipe is used, a LESSCLOSE postprocessor can be used, but it is usually not necessary since there is no replacement file to clean - up. In this case, the replacement file name passed to the LESSCLOSE + up. In this case, the replacement file name passed to the LESSCLOSE postprocessor is "-". - For compatibility with previous versions of less, the input preproces- + For compatibility with previous versions of less, the input preproces- sor or pipe is not used if less is viewing standard input. However, if - the first character of LESSOPEN is a dash (-), the input preprocessor - is used on standard input as well as other files. In this case, the - dash is not considered to be part of the preprocessor command. If + the first character of LESSOPEN is a dash (-), the input preprocessor + is used on standard input as well as other files. In this case, the + dash is not considered to be part of the preprocessor command. If standard input is being viewed, the input preprocessor is passed a file - name consisting of a single dash. Similarly, if the first two charac- - ters of LESSOPEN are vertical bar and dash (|-) or two vertical bars - and a dash (||-), the input pipe is used on standard input as well as + name consisting of a single dash. Similarly, if the first two charac- + ters of LESSOPEN are vertical bar and dash (|-) or two vertical bars + and a dash (||-), the input pipe is used on standard input as well as other files. Again, in this case the dash is not considered to be part of the input pipe command. @@ -1106,25 +1116,25 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) can be displayed directly to the screen. control characters - should not be displayed directly, but are expected to be found + should not be displayed directly, but are expected to be found in ordinary text files (such as backspace and tab). binary characters - should not be displayed directly and are not expected to be + should not be displayed directly and are not expected to be found in text files. A "character set" is simply a description of which characters are to be - considered normal, control, and binary. The LESSCHARSET environment - variable may be used to select a character set. Possible values for + considered normal, control, and binary. The LESSCHARSET environment + variable may be used to select a character set. Possible values for LESSCHARSET are: - ascii BS, TAB, NL, CR, and formfeed are control characters, all chars - with values between 32 and 126 are normal, and all others are + ascii BS, TAB, NL, CR, and formfeed are control characters, all chars + with values between 32 and 126 are normal, and all others are binary. iso8859 - Selects an ISO 8859 character set. This is the same as ASCII, - except characters between 160 and 255 are treated as normal + Selects an ISO 8859 character set. This is the same as ASCII, + except characters between 160 and 255 are treated as normal characters. latin1 Same as iso8859. @@ -1136,8 +1146,8 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) ebcdic Selects an EBCDIC character set. IBM-1047 - Selects an EBCDIC character set used by OS/390 Unix Services. - This is the EBCDIC analogue of latin1. You get similar results + Selects an EBCDIC character set used by OS/390 Unix Services. + This is the EBCDIC analogue of latin1. You get similar results by setting either LESSCHARSET=IBM-1047 or LC_CTYPE=en_US in your environment. @@ -1145,29 +1155,29 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) next Selects a character set appropriate for NeXT computers. - utf-8 Selects the UTF-8 encoding of the ISO 10646 character set. - UTF-8 is special in that it supports multi-byte characters in - the input file. It is the only character set that supports + utf-8 Selects the UTF-8 encoding of the ISO 10646 character set. + UTF-8 is special in that it supports multi-byte characters in + the input file. It is the only character set that supports multi-byte characters. windows - Selects a character set appropriate for Microsoft Windows (cp + Selects a character set appropriate for Microsoft Windows (cp 1251). - In rare cases, it may be desired to tailor less to use a character set - other than the ones definable by LESSCHARSET. In this case, the envi- + In rare cases, it may be desired to tailor less to use a character set + other than the ones definable by LESSCHARSET. In this case, the envi- ronment variable LESSCHARDEF can be used to define a character set. It should be set to a string where each character in the string represents - one character in the character set. The character "." is used for a - normal character, "c" for control, and "b" for binary. A decimal num- - ber may be used for repetition. For example, "bccc4b." would mean - character 0 is binary, 1, 2 and 3 are control, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are + one character in the character set. The character "." is used for a + normal character, "c" for control, and "b" for binary. A decimal num- + ber may be used for repetition. For example, "bccc4b." would mean + character 0 is binary, 1, 2 and 3 are control, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are binary, and 8 is normal. All characters after the last are taken to be - the same as the last, so characters 9 through 255 would be normal. - (This is an example, and does not necessarily represent any real char- + the same as the last, so characters 9 through 255 would be normal. + (This is an example, and does not necessarily represent any real char- acter set.) - This table shows the value of LESSCHARDEF which is equivalent to each + This table shows the value of LESSCHARDEF which is equivalent to each of the possible values for LESSCHARSET: ascii 8bcccbcc18b95.b @@ -1181,66 +1191,66 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) latin1 8bcccbcc18b95.33b. next 8bcccbcc18b95.bb125.bb - If neither LESSCHARSET nor LESSCHARDEF is set, but any of the strings - "UTF-8", "UTF8", "utf-8" or "utf8" is found in the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE or + If neither LESSCHARSET nor LESSCHARDEF is set, but any of the strings + "UTF-8", "UTF8", "utf-8" or "utf8" is found in the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE or LANG environment variables, then the default character set is utf-8. - If that string is not found, but your system supports the setlocale - interface, less will use setlocale to determine the character set. - setlocale is controlled by setting the LANG or LC_CTYPE environment + If that string is not found, but your system supports the setlocale + interface, less will use setlocale to determine the character set. + setlocale is controlled by setting the LANG or LC_CTYPE environment variables. - Finally, if the setlocale interface is also not available, the default + Finally, if the setlocale interface is also not available, the default character set is latin1. - Control and binary characters are displayed in standout (reverse + Control and binary characters are displayed in standout (reverse video). Each such character is displayed in caret notation if possible - (e.g. ^A for control-A). Caret notation is used only if inverting the + (e.g. ^A for control-A). Caret notation is used only if inverting the 0100 bit results in a normal printable character. Otherwise, the char- - acter is displayed as a hex number in angle brackets. This format can - be changed by setting the LESSBINFMT environment variable. LESSBINFMT + acter is displayed as a hex number in angle brackets. This format can + be changed by setting the LESSBINFMT environment variable. LESSBINFMT may begin with a "*" and one character to select the display attribute: - "*k" is blinking, "*d" is bold, "*u" is underlined, "*s" is standout, - and "*n" is normal. If LESSBINFMT does not begin with a "*", normal - attribute is assumed. The remainder of LESSBINFMT is a string which - may include one printf-style escape sequence (a % followed by x, X, o, - d, etc.). For example, if LESSBINFMT is "*u[%x]", binary characters - are displayed in underlined hexadecimal surrounded by brackets. The - default if no LESSBINFMT is specified is "*s<%02X>". Warning: the - result of expanding the character via LESSBINFMT must be less than 31 + "*k" is blinking, "*d" is bold, "*u" is underlined, "*s" is standout, + and "*n" is normal. If LESSBINFMT does not begin with a "*", normal + attribute is assumed. The remainder of LESSBINFMT is a string which + may include one printf-style escape sequence (a % followed by x, X, o, + d, etc.). For example, if LESSBINFMT is "*u[%x]", binary characters + are displayed in underlined hexadecimal surrounded by brackets. The + default if no LESSBINFMT is specified is "*s<%02X>". Warning: the + result of expanding the character via LESSBINFMT must be less than 31 characters. When the character set is utf-8, the LESSUTFBINFMT environment variable acts similarly to LESSBINFMT but it applies to Unicode code points that - were successfully decoded but are unsuitable for display (e.g., unas- - signed code points). Its default value is "". Note that - LESSUTFBINFMT and LESSBINFMT share their display attribute setting - ("*x") so specifying one will affect both; LESSUTFBINFMT is read after - LESSBINFMT so its setting, if any, will have priority. Problematic - octets in a UTF-8 file (octets of a truncated sequence, octets of a - complete but non-shortest form sequence, illegal octets, and stray - trailing octets) are displayed individually using LESSBINFMT so as to + were successfully decoded but are unsuitable for display (e.g., unas- + signed code points). Its default value is "". Note that + LESSUTFBINFMT and LESSBINFMT share their display attribute setting + ("*x") so specifying one will affect both; LESSUTFBINFMT is read after + LESSBINFMT so its setting, if any, will have priority. Problematic + octets in a UTF-8 file (octets of a truncated sequence, octets of a + complete but non-shortest form sequence, illegal octets, and stray + trailing octets) are displayed individually using LESSBINFMT so as to facilitate diagnostic of how the UTF-8 file is ill-formed. PROMPTS - The -P option allows you to tailor the prompt to your preference. The - string given to the -P option replaces the specified prompt string. + The -P option allows you to tailor the prompt to your preference. The + string given to the -P option replaces the specified prompt string. Certain characters in the string are interpreted specially. The prompt - mechanism is rather complicated to provide flexibility, but the ordi- - nary user need not understand the details of constructing personalized + mechanism is rather complicated to provide flexibility, but the ordi- + nary user need not understand the details of constructing personalized prompt strings. - A percent sign followed by a single character is expanded according to + A percent sign followed by a single character is expanded according to what the following character is: - %bX Replaced by the byte offset into the current input file. The b + %bX Replaced by the byte offset into the current input file. The b is followed by a single character (shown as X above) which spec- - ifies the line whose byte offset is to be used. If the charac- - ter is a "t", the byte offset of the top line in the display is + ifies the line whose byte offset is to be used. If the charac- + ter is a "t", the byte offset of the top line in the display is used, an "m" means use the middle line, a "b" means use the bot- - tom line, a "B" means use the line just after the bottom line, - and a "j" means use the "target" line, as specified by the -j + tom line, a "B" means use the line just after the bottom line, + and a "j" means use the "target" line, as specified by the -j option. %B Replaced by the size of the current input file. @@ -1248,42 +1258,42 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) %c Replaced by the column number of the text appearing in the first column of the screen. - %dX Replaced by the page number of a line in the input file. The + %dX Replaced by the page number of a line in the input file. The line to be used is determined by the X, as with the %b option. - %D Replaced by the number of pages in the input file, or equiva- + %D Replaced by the number of pages in the input file, or equiva- lently, the page number of the last line in the input file. - %E Replaced by the name of the editor (from the VISUAL environment - variable, or the EDITOR environment variable if VISUAL is not + %E Replaced by the name of the editor (from the VISUAL environment + variable, or the EDITOR environment variable if VISUAL is not defined). See the discussion of the LESSEDIT feature below. %f Replaced by the name of the current input file. - %F Replaced by the last component of the name of the current input + %F Replaced by the last component of the name of the current input file. - %i Replaced by the index of the current file in the list of input + %i Replaced by the index of the current file in the list of input files. - %lX Replaced by the line number of a line in the input file. The + %lX Replaced by the line number of a line in the input file. The line to be used is determined by the X, as with the %b option. %L Replaced by the line number of the last line in the input file. %m Replaced by the total number of input files. - %pX Replaced by the percent into the current input file, based on - byte offsets. The line used is determined by the X as with the + %pX Replaced by the percent into the current input file, based on + byte offsets. The line used is determined by the X as with the %b option. - %PX Replaced by the percent into the current input file, based on - line numbers. The line used is determined by the X as with the + %PX Replaced by the percent into the current input file, based on + line numbers. The line used is determined by the X as with the %b option. %s Same as %B. - %t Causes any trailing spaces to be removed. Usually used at the + %t Causes any trailing spaces to be removed. Usually used at the end of the string, but may appear anywhere. %x Replaced by the name of the next input file in the list. @@ -1291,15 +1301,15 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) If any item is unknown (for example, the file size if input is a pipe), a question mark is printed instead. - The format of the prompt string can be changed depending on certain - conditions. A question mark followed by a single character acts like - an "IF": depending on the following character, a condition is evalu- - ated. If the condition is true, any characters following the question - mark and condition character, up to a period, are included in the - prompt. If the condition is false, such characters are not included. - A colon appearing between the question mark and the period can be used + The format of the prompt string can be changed depending on certain + conditions. A question mark followed by a single character acts like + an "IF": depending on the following character, a condition is evalu- + ated. If the condition is true, any characters following the question + mark and condition character, up to a period, are included in the + prompt. If the condition is false, such characters are not included. + A colon appearing between the question mark and the period can be used to establish an "ELSE": any characters between the colon and the period - are included in the string if and only if the IF condition is false. + are included in the string if and only if the IF condition is false. Condition characters (which follow a question mark) may be: ?a True if any characters have been included in the prompt so far. @@ -1314,7 +1324,7 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) ?e True if at end-of-file. - ?f True if there is an input filename (that is, if input is not a + ?f True if there is an input filename (that is, if input is not a pipe). ?lX True if the line number of the specified line is known. @@ -1325,46 +1335,46 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) ?n True if this is the first prompt in a new input file. - ?pX True if the percent into the current input file, based on byte + ?pX True if the percent into the current input file, based on byte offsets, of the specified line is known. - ?PX True if the percent into the current input file, based on line + ?PX True if the percent into the current input file, based on line numbers, of the specified line is known. ?s Same as "?B". - ?x True if there is a next input file (that is, if the current + ?x True if there is a next input file (that is, if the current input file is not the last one). - Any characters other than the special ones (question mark, colon, - period, percent, and backslash) become literally part of the prompt. - Any of the special characters may be included in the prompt literally + Any characters other than the special ones (question mark, colon, + period, percent, and backslash) become literally part of the prompt. + Any of the special characters may be included in the prompt literally by preceding it with a backslash. Some examples: ?f%f:Standard input. - This prompt prints the filename, if known; otherwise the string "Stan- + This prompt prints the filename, if known; otherwise the string "Stan- dard input". ?f%f .?ltLine %lt:?pt%pt\%:?btByte %bt:-... - This prompt would print the filename, if known. The filename is fol- - lowed by the line number, if known, otherwise the percent if known, - otherwise the byte offset if known. Otherwise, a dash is printed. - Notice how each question mark has a matching period, and how the % + This prompt would print the filename, if known. The filename is fol- + lowed by the line number, if known, otherwise the percent if known, + otherwise the byte offset if known. Otherwise, a dash is printed. + Notice how each question mark has a matching period, and how the % after the %pt is included literally by escaping it with a backslash. ?n?f%f .?m(file %i of %m) ..?e(END) ?x- Next\: %x..%t - This prints the filename if this is the first prompt in a file, fol- - lowed by the "file N of N" message if there is more than one input - file. Then, if we are at end-of-file, the string "(END)" is printed - followed by the name of the next file, if there is one. Finally, any + This prints the filename if this is the first prompt in a file, fol- + lowed by the "file N of N" message if there is more than one input + file. Then, if we are at end-of-file, the string "(END)" is printed + followed by the name of the next file, if there is one. Finally, any trailing spaces are truncated. This is the default prompt. For refer- - ence, here are the defaults for the other two prompts (-m and -M - respectively). Each is broken into two lines here for readability + ence, here are the defaults for the other two prompts (-m and -M + respectively). Each is broken into two lines here for readability only. ?n?f%f .?m(file %i of %m) ..?e(END) ?x- Next\: %x.: @@ -1378,22 +1388,22 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) ?f%f .?m(file %i of %m) .?ltlines %lt-%lb?L/%L. . byte %bB?s/%s. ?e(END) :?pB%pB\%..%t - The prompt expansion features are also used for another purpose: if an - environment variable LESSEDIT is defined, it is used as the command to - be executed when the v command is invoked. The LESSEDIT string is - expanded in the same way as the prompt strings. The default value for + The prompt expansion features are also used for another purpose: if an + environment variable LESSEDIT is defined, it is used as the command to + be executed when the v command is invoked. The LESSEDIT string is + expanded in the same way as the prompt strings. The default value for LESSEDIT is: %E ?lm+%lm. %f Note that this expands to the editor name, followed by a + and the line - number, followed by the file name. If your editor does not accept the - "+linenumber" syntax, or has other differences in invocation syntax, + number, followed by the file name. If your editor does not accept the + "+linenumber" syntax, or has other differences in invocation syntax, the LESSEDIT variable can be changed to modify this default. SECURITY - When the environment variable LESSSECURE is set to 1, less runs in a + When the environment variable LESSSECURE is set to 1, less runs in a "secure" mode. This means these features are disabled: ! the shell command @@ -1419,54 +1429,54 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) COMPATIBILITY WITH MORE If the environment variable LESS_IS_MORE is set to 1, or if the program - is invoked via a file link named "more", less behaves (mostly) in con- - formance with the POSIX "more" command specification. In this mode, + is invoked via a file link named "more", less behaves (mostly) in con- + formance with the POSIX "more" command specification. In this mode, less behaves differently in these ways: - The -e option works differently. If the -e option is not set, less - behaves as if the -E option were set. If the -e option is set, less + The -e option works differently. If the -e option is not set, less + behaves as if the -E option were set. If the -e option is set, less behaves as if the -e and -F options were set. - The -m option works differently. If the -m option is not set, the - medium prompt is used, and it is prefixed with the string "--More--". + The -m option works differently. If the -m option is not set, the + medium prompt is used, and it is prefixed with the string "--More--". If the -m option is set, the short prompt is used. - The -n option acts like the -z option. The normal behavior of the -n + The -n option acts like the -z option. The normal behavior of the -n option is unavailable in this mode. - The parameter to the -p option is taken to be a less command rather + The parameter to the -p option is taken to be a less command rather than a search pattern. - The LESS environment variable is ignored, and the MORE environment + The LESS environment variable is ignored, and the MORE environment variable is used in its place. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES Environment variables may be specified either in the system environment - as usual, or in a lesskey (1) file. If environment variables are - defined in more than one place, variables defined in a local lesskey - file take precedence over variables defined in the system environment, + as usual, or in a lesskey (1) file. If environment variables are + defined in more than one place, variables defined in a local lesskey + file take precedence over variables defined in the system environment, which take precedence over variables defined in the system-wide lesskey file. COLUMNS Sets the number of columns on the screen. Takes precedence over - the number of columns specified by the TERM variable. (But if + the number of columns specified by the TERM variable. (But if you have a windowing system which supports TIOCGWINSZ or - WIOCGETD, the window system's idea of the screen size takes + WIOCGETD, the window system's idea of the screen size takes precedence over the LINES and COLUMNS environment variables.) EDITOR The name of the editor (used for the v command). - HOME Name of the user's home directory (used to find a lesskey file + HOME Name of the user's home directory (used to find a lesskey file on Unix and OS/2 systems). HOMEDRIVE, HOMEPATH - Concatenation of the HOMEDRIVE and HOMEPATH environment vari- + Concatenation of the HOMEDRIVE and HOMEPATH environment vari- ables is the name of the user's home directory if the HOME vari- able is not set (only in the Windows version). - INIT Name of the user's init directory (used to find a lesskey file + INIT Name of the user's init directory (used to find a lesskey file on OS/2 systems). LANG Language for determining the character set. @@ -1477,12 +1487,12 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) LESS Options which are passed to less automatically. LESSANSIENDCHARS - Characters which may end an ANSI color escape sequence (default + Characters which may end an ANSI color escape sequence (default "m"). LESSANSIMIDCHARS - Characters which may appear between the ESC character and the - end character in an ANSI color escape sequence (default + Characters which may appear between the ESC character and the + end character in an ANSI color escape sequence (default "0123456789;[?!"'#%()*+ ". LESSBINFMT @@ -1499,24 +1509,24 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) LESSECHO Name of the lessecho program (default "lessecho"). The lessecho - program is needed to expand metacharacters, such as * and ?, in + program is needed to expand metacharacters, such as * and ?, in filenames on Unix systems. LESSEDIT - Editor prototype string (used for the v command). See discus- + Editor prototype string (used for the v command). See discus- sion under PROMPTS. LESSGLOBALTAGS - Name of the command used by the -t option to find global tags. + Name of the command used by the -t option to find global tags. Normally should be set to "global" if your system has the global (1) command. If not set, global tags are not used. LESSHISTFILE - Name of the history file used to remember search commands and - shell commands between invocations of less. If set to "-" or - "/dev/null", a history file is not used. The default is - "$HOME/.lesshst" on Unix systems, "$HOME/_lesshst" on DOS and - Windows systems, or "$HOME/lesshst.ini" or "$INIT/lesshst.ini" + Name of the history file used to remember search commands and + shell commands between invocations of less. If set to "-" or + "/dev/null", a history file is not used. The default is + "$HOME/.lesshst" on Unix systems, "$HOME/_lesshst" on DOS and + Windows systems, or "$HOME/lesshst.ini" or "$INIT/lesshst.ini" on OS/2 systems. LESSHISTSIZE @@ -1530,13 +1540,13 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) Name of the default system-wide lesskey(1) file. LESSMETACHARS - List of characters which are considered "metacharacters" by the + List of characters which are considered "metacharacters" by the shell. LESSMETAESCAPE - Prefix which less will add before each metacharacter in a com- - mand sent to the shell. If LESSMETAESCAPE is an empty string, - commands containing metacharacters will not be passed to the + Prefix which less will add before each metacharacter in a com- + mand sent to the shell. If LESSMETAESCAPE is an empty string, + commands containing metacharacters will not be passed to the shell. LESSOPEN @@ -1546,7 +1556,7 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) Runs less in "secure" mode. See discussion under SECURITY. LESSSEPARATOR - String to be appended to a directory name in filename comple- + String to be appended to a directory name in filename comple- tion. LESSUTFBINFMT @@ -1555,19 +1565,19 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) LESS_IS_MORE Emulate the more (1) command. - LINES Sets the number of lines on the screen. Takes precedence over + LINES Sets the number of lines on the screen. Takes precedence over the number of lines specified by the TERM variable. (But if you - have a windowing system which supports TIOCGWINSZ or WIOCGETD, - the window system's idea of the screen size takes precedence + have a windowing system which supports TIOCGWINSZ or WIOCGETD, + the window system's idea of the screen size takes precedence over the LINES and COLUMNS environment variables.) - MORE Options which are passed to less automatically when running in + MORE Options which are passed to less automatically when running in more compatible mode. - PATH User's search path (used to find a lesskey file on MS-DOS and + PATH User's search path (used to find a lesskey file on MS-DOS and OS/2 systems). - SHELL The shell used to execute the ! command, as well as to expand + SHELL The shell used to execute the ! command, as well as to expand filenames. TERM The type of terminal on which less is being run. @@ -1582,19 +1592,19 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 1984-2012 Mark Nudelman - less is part of the GNU project and is free software. You can redis- - tribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either (1) the GNU Gen- - eral Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; or + less is part of the GNU project and is free software. You can redis- + tribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either (1) the GNU Gen- + eral Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; or (2) the Less License. See the file README in the less distribution for more details regarding redistribution. You should have received a copy - of the GNU General Public License along with the source for less; see - the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 59 - Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. You should also + of the GNU General Public License along with the source for less; see + the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 59 + Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. You should also have received a copy of the Less License; see the file LICENSE. less is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY - WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FIT- - NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for + WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FIT- + NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. @@ -1608,4 +1618,4 @@ LESS(1) LESS(1) - Version 456: 08 Nov 2012 LESS(1) + Version 458: 04 Apr 2013 LESS(1) diff --git a/contrib/less/less.nro b/contrib/less/less.nro index 2169d67c68c6..eba98eee038a 100644 --- a/contrib/less/less.nro +++ b/contrib/less/less.nro @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -.TH LESS 1 "Version 456: 08 Nov 2012" +.TH LESS 1 "Version 458: 04 Apr 2013" .SH NAME less \- opposite of more .SH SYNOPSIS @@ -461,8 +461,12 @@ For example, you can set two \-D options on MS-DOS like this: .sp LESS="Dn9.1$Ds4.1" .sp -A dollar sign or backslash may be included literally in an option string +If the --use-backslash option appears earlier in the options, then +a dollar sign or backslash may be included literally in an option string by preceding it with a backslash. +If the --use-backslash option is not in effect, then backslashes are +not treated specially, and there is no way to include a dollar sign +in the option string. .IP "\-? or \-\-help" This option displays a summary of the commands accepted by .I less @@ -891,11 +895,6 @@ If the number is specified as a fraction, the actual number of scroll positions is recalculated if the terminal window is resized, so that the actual scroll remains at the specified fraction of the screen width. -.IP "\-\-no-keypad" -Disables sending the keypad initialization and deinitialization strings -to the terminal. -This is sometimes useful if the keypad strings make the numeric -keypad behave in an undesirable manner. .IP "\-\-follow-name" Normally, if the input file is renamed while an F command is executing, .I less @@ -909,6 +908,16 @@ If the reopen succeeds and the file is a different file from the original with the same name as the original (now renamed) file), .I less will display the contents of that new file. +.IP "\-\-no-keypad" +Disables sending the keypad initialization and deinitialization strings +to the terminal. +This is sometimes useful if the keypad strings make the numeric +keypad behave in an undesirable manner. +.IP "\-\-use-backslash" +This option changes the interpretations of options which follow this one. +After the \-\-use-backslash option, any backslash in an option string is +removed and the following character is taken literally. +This allows a dollar sign to be included in option strings. .IP \-\- A command line argument of "\-\-" marks the end of option arguments. Any arguments following this are interpreted as filenames. diff --git a/contrib/less/lessecho.man b/contrib/less/lessecho.man index b0c82c708127..470a00e87e12 100644 --- a/contrib/less/lessecho.man +++ b/contrib/less/lessecho.man @@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ LESSECHO(1) LESSECHO(1) - Version 456: 08 Nov 2012 LESSECHO(1) + Version 458: 04 Apr 2013 LESSECHO(1) diff --git a/contrib/less/lessecho.nro b/contrib/less/lessecho.nro index 1e79904196a1..d7fb390993c0 100644 --- a/contrib/less/lessecho.nro +++ b/contrib/less/lessecho.nro @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -.TH LESSECHO 1 "Version 456: 08 Nov 2012" +.TH LESSECHO 1 "Version 458: 04 Apr 2013" .SH NAME lessecho \- expand metacharacters .SH SYNOPSIS diff --git a/contrib/less/lesskey.man b/contrib/less/lesskey.man index 32f5b5365561..9864d4018744 100644 --- a/contrib/less/lesskey.man +++ b/contrib/less/lesskey.man @@ -353,4 +353,4 @@ LESSKEY(1) LESSKEY(1) - Version 456: 08 Nov 2012 LESSKEY(1) + Version 458: 04 Apr 2013 LESSKEY(1) diff --git a/contrib/less/lesskey.nro b/contrib/less/lesskey.nro index 84f46f4ac24a..2bbd887859c7 100644 --- a/contrib/less/lesskey.nro +++ b/contrib/less/lesskey.nro @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -.TH LESSKEY 1 "Version 456: 08 Nov 2012" +.TH LESSKEY 1 "Version 458: 04 Apr 2013" .SH NAME lesskey \- specify key bindings for less .SH SYNOPSIS diff --git a/contrib/less/option.c b/contrib/less/option.c index cd45281caa18..2c26dc69506f 100644 --- a/contrib/less/option.c +++ b/contrib/less/option.c @@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ extern int screen_trashed; extern int less_is_more; extern int quit_at_eof; extern char *every_first_cmd; +extern int opt_use_backslash; /* * Return a printable description of an option. @@ -578,7 +579,7 @@ optstring(s, p_str, printopt, validchars) for (p = s; *p != '\0'; p++) { - if (*p == '\\' && p[1] != '\0') + if (opt_use_backslash && *p == '\\' && p[1] != '\0') { /* Take next char literally. */ ++p; diff --git a/contrib/less/opttbl.c b/contrib/less/opttbl.c index 0146793658de..6f582bf50b97 100644 --- a/contrib/less/opttbl.c +++ b/contrib/less/opttbl.c @@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ public int use_lessopen; /* Use the LESSOPEN filter */ public int quit_on_intr; /* Quit on interrupt */ public int follow_mode; /* F cmd Follows file desc or file name? */ public int oldbot; /* Old bottom of screen behavior {{REMOVE}} */ +public int opt_use_backslash; /* Use backslash escaping in option parsing */ #if HILITE_SEARCH public int hilite_search; /* Highlight matched search patterns? */ #endif @@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ static struct optname pound_optname = { "shift", NULL }; static struct optname keypad_optname = { "no-keypad", NULL }; static struct optname oldbot_optname = { "old-bot", NULL }; static struct optname follow_optname = { "follow-name", NULL }; +static struct optname use_backslash_optname = { "use-backslash", NULL }; /* @@ -446,6 +448,14 @@ static struct loption option[] = NULL } }, + { OLETTER_NONE, &use_backslash_optname, + BOOL, OPT_OFF, &opt_use_backslash, NULL, + { + "Use backslash escaping in command line parameters", + "Don't use backslash escaping in command line parameters", + NULL + } + }, { '\0', NULL, NOVAR, 0, NULL, NULL, { NULL, NULL, NULL } } }; diff --git a/contrib/less/version.c b/contrib/less/version.c index f11a0fa7ef5a..d3ecd14fd713 100644 --- a/contrib/less/version.c +++ b/contrib/less/version.c @@ -754,12 +754,14 @@ v449 6/23/12 Allow config option --with-regex=none. v450 7/4/12 Fix EOF bug with ESC-F. v451 7/20/12 Fix typo. ----------------------------------------------------------------- -v452 10/19/12 Fix --with-regex=none, fix "stty 0", fix Win32. +v452 10/19/12 Fix --with-regex=none, fix "stty 0", fix Win32. Don't quit if errors in cmd line options. -v453 10/27/12 Increase buffer sizes. -v454 11/5/12 Fix typo. -v455 11/5/12 Fix typo. -v456 11/8/12 Fix option string incompatibility. +v453 10/27/12 Increase buffer sizes. +v454 11/5/12 Fix typo. +v455 11/5/12 Fix typo. +v456 11/8/12 Fix option string incompatibility. +v457 12/8/12 Use new option string syntax only after --use-backslash. +v458 4/4/13 Fix display bug in using up/down in cmd buffer. */ -char version[] = "456"; +char version[] = "458";